2013年高三英语读写任务作文专题概括.ppt

概要写作导练 WhatisaSummary Asummaryisashortaccountgivingthemainpointsofsomethinglongerordetailed AshortenedversionofthetextMainpointsofthetextWritteninyourownwords 概括步骤 确定主题句寻找关键词重构主题句 具体方法 定时态Theauthortellsusthat 定人称 一般用第三人称 书信则用第一 第二人称 定技巧 重组句段落概括文章概括 概括时常使用的一些技巧 Skill1 省去细节部分Skill2 省去重复部分Skill3 省去例子Skill4 使用概括性的语言Skill5 用间接性语言概括文章要点 误区警示 考生往往犯以下的错误 主题大意概括不清 抄袭原文或添加自己的意见 这都会大大影响得分 重组句子时常用的一些方法 1 同义替换法Ididn tcatchanyfishowingtothefactthatIwasnotpatient Ididn tcatchanyfish Iwasnotpatient 2 正话反说法Youwillfail Youwill because notsucceed 3 词性转换法Patienceisveryimportant Patienceisof Thewritermakesavividdescriptionofthebeautyunderthesea Thewriter thebeautyunderthesea ofgreatimportance describes 4 句式变化法语态变换 Parentsshouldgivechildrenmorepraise Childrenshould morepraise 简单句变复合句 Childrenshouldbeencouragedmore Thiswillhelpthemlearnfaster Childrenshouldbeencouragedmore willhelpthemlearnfaster begiven which 5 连词衔接法注意使用一些短而精的连词 如but and so while however then yet for therefore thus including insteadof等 Weshouldencouragechildren Weshouldnotscoldthem Weshouldencouragechildren scoldingthem insteadof Gettingupearlyhasbeenregardasagoodhabitsinceancienttimes Manyyearsago peoplethoughtthatifwewenttobedearlyandgetupearly wewouldbeenergeticthewholeday So gettingupearlyisofgreatimportancetousall Infact morningisthebesttimeofaday Inthemorning theairisthefreshestandpeopleareusuallyinthebestconditions Manyofusmayhavetheexperiencesthatwememorizesomethingsmorequicklyandaccuratelyinthemorningthananyothertimeoftheday Ifwedosomemorningexerciseoronlytakeashortwalkinthemorning wecanbuildourbodiesandbecomemuchhealthier Alsowewillhaveenoughtimetomakeaplanandgetreadyforourworkorstudyofthedayifwegetupearly However ifwegetuplate wewillprobablyhavetodoeverythinginagreathurry Letusremembergettingupearlyisagoodhabitandtryourbesttokeepit Ifwesticktogettingupearlyeveryday wewillcertainlybenefitalotfromit 1 Astrongstatementofopinion thekeyidea Gettingupearly agoodhabit ofgreatimportance 2 Supportfortheopinion supportingsentences abettermemoryahealthierbodyabetterpreparationfortheday 3 Conclusion suggestions agoodhabit benefitalot Thepassagesaysgettingupearlyinthemorningisagoodhabitthatwillbenefitusalot Itenablesustohaveabettermemory healthierbodyandbetterpreparationfortheday somesetsentencepatterns Thepassagesays Thispassagestatesthat Inthewriter sopinion Thewriterthinksthat Accordingtothepassage 议论文通常包括论点 论据和结论 因此写议论文的概要主要是找出主题句 thetopicsentences 支撑句 supportingsentences 和结论句 conclusionsentences 其中最主要的是找准主题句 概要模板 论点 论据 结论 串联要素法 写作方法 串联要素法记叙文的概要 一般包括记叙文的六个要素 who when where what how why 也就是考生应先通读阅读短文 找出这六个要素 然后用自己的话将这六个要素串成一两句话即可 当然 不一定每篇记叙文都包含这六个要素 但 某人做了某事 结果如何 是应当包括的 因此 要写好概要 须找到以下两个问题的答案 1 谁做了什么 whodidwhat 2 结果如何 whatwastheresult 如果是夹叙夹议的文章 还要加上这个故事给人们的启示或教育 Hi IamMike Ijustwentthroughmyfirstyearofcollege Thetoughestpartonmeatfirstwasthegeneraladjustment Iwenttoaverysmallhighschoolwheremymomwasateacherandshedidpracticallyeverythingforme ButatthecollegeIneedtoknowsomebasiclifeskills suchasbalancingacheck book laundry andthethingsyouhavetobeabletohandlethatIneverthoughtofinthehighschool ItwasreallytoughformeatfirstandIgotbadlyhomesick OncethatfirstsemesterwasoverandIgotusedtothecollegelife Iloveit goodfacilities helpfulinstructors andagoodlibrary Thestudent sUnionorganizesvariouspartieseveryweek Ialsogotocinemasandconcerts andoftenspendSaturdaynightsinpubsandclubs OnethingthatIthinkisimportantistogetyourselfactiveinthings Iwasondanceteamincollegeandmetatonofpeoplethatway itwassomucheasiertomakefriendswhenyouhadacommonground thesixelementsofanarrativepassage Mike Hisfirstyearofcollege toughest adjustment gotusedtoit lovethecollegelife Gethimselfactiveinthings Miketellsusabouthisfirstyearofcollegelife Atfirsthe butaftergettingactiveinthingsforsometime he and didn tadjusthimselfwell adaptedtoit enjoyedhimself Tryit 我们根据说明文的不同类型 分别给出三种参考模板 1 描写某事物的性质功用 即 对象 性质 功用 利好 Inthepassage thewriterintroduces 对象 tous especiallyits 性质或功用 fromwhichweknow 对象带来的利好 2 针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施 即 问题 解决方法 Thepassagetellsus 问题 including 方法1 方法2 and 方法3 3 介绍某现象及其原因和结果 即 现象 原因 结果 Theauthor writersaid talksabout 现象 of because but 原因 本质1 and 原因 本质2 在高考读写任务中 多为说明某种社会现象的说明文 特别提醒 阅读下面短文 然后以约30个词概括这段短文的内容 Eyecareisanimportantfactorinallofourlives Withouteyes weseemtobeabletodonothing But whatcanwedototakecareofeyes Firstly weshouldeathealthyfoods Secondly don tsitbeforeacomputerscreenorTVfortoolongtimeandtakeregularrestatintervalssoastorelaxtheeyemuscles Thirdly havingenoughsleepisthebestrestforeyes Besidesthosenotices youshouldbeawareofsomethreatstoeyesindailylives Excessiveexposuretobrightsunlightisharmfultoeyes therefore whengoingout especiallyinsummertime putonapairofqualifiedsunglasses Stayawayfromsmoking Someingredientsincigarettesarecarcinogenesis 致癌的 Lastbutnotleast takeregularmedicalexaminestocheckoutthepotentialeyediseaseandpreventitsdeterioration 退化 Eyesarethemostimportantsenseorgansandoneshouldusepropereyecareproductstoavoidfurtherirritations 刺激 andensurelongevityatease 解题过程 本文在指出眼睛重要后 紧接着提出问题 为保护眼睛 我们可以做些什么呢 然后分三点说明应该做些什么 因此 我们可以套用 问题 解决方法 模式 Oureyesareimportantforus sotheauthortellsushowtotakecareofoureyes includingeatinghealthyfood givingthemenoughtimetorest knowingsomethreats andtakingfrequenteyeexaminations 现象 本质 Therewasnaturalclimatechangeevenbeforehumansappearedonearth However thesuddenriseinglobaltemperatureoverthepasttwocenturiesisbeingcausedbyourmodern energy hungrywayoflife 阅读技能 2 Advertisingcanbeusefulwhenitprovidescustomerswithreliableinformation whilesomeadvertisementsarenotthecaseastheyareproducedonlytopersuadecustomerstobuywhattheydon tneed 现象 本质 PartIII 概括大意时应注意的几个事项1 不可忽略 忘记写 概括要点占5分 2 不可一字不漏地完全照抄原文 但可以灵活地抄 特别对基础差的同学 3 不可加入自己的观点 必须忠于原文 忠于作者 4 不要概括太宽泛 缺乏针对性 也不要只针