2012年1月月全国自考英语二白皮书题库(二).doc

2012年1月全国自考英语二白皮书题库(二)一、Vocabulary and Structure（10 points,1 point for each item）从下列各句四 个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。1.The eyes need several minutes to A.adjustB.adoptC.applyD.adapt答案：Ato the darkness.2.The degree to which and the ways in which a school encourages participation ingames, sports and cultural pursuits are likely to contribute to the shaping ofleisure attitudes A. byB. inC.withD.on答案：Dthe part of the students.3.We do not have adequate A.subsequentsB. substitutesC. substancesD.substitutions答案：B4.Oxbridge graduates make for the use of animals.only two percent of the total number ofstudents who graduate from British universities.A. of B. to C. upD. about答案：C5.Schools usually set their educational objective the attainment of abalanced development of a person.A. to B. in C. withD.as答案：D6.They cannot go to the theatre together because his free time never hers.A. cooperate B. corporate C. coincide D. coincident答案：Cwith7.If thalidomide were invented today, it would never be because new tests on pregnant animals would reveal the dangers.A.relaxed B. released C.relieved D. relived答案：Bfor human use8. A black hole a strong gravitational pull and yet it has no matter.A. extendsB. exertsC. exportsD. exposes答案：B解析：Bextend 延长，延伸exert 产生，发挥export 出口expose暴露，揭露。9. Do you think there is a period in ones life when one is particularly sickness,accident or disasters of other kinds?A. sensitive to B. available for C. vulnerable to D. ready for答案：C解析：Csensitive to 对敏感；vulnerable to易受攻击的；易受伤害的。available for可用的，可得到的；ready for准备好的。10. The train, takes only two hours to get there, is much faster than the bus.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. which one答案：C解析：Cwhich引导的非限制性定语从句二、Cloze Test（10 points,1 point for each item）下列短文中有十个空白，每个 空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。1. Henrys job was to examine cars which crossed the frontier to make sure that they were not smuggling anything into the country. Every morning, except at weekends, he 1 see a factory worker coming up the hill towards the frontier, 2 a bicycle with a big load of old straw on it. When the bicycle arrived the frontier, Henry used to stop the man and order him to take the straw off. Then he would examine the straw very carefully to see 3 he could find anything, after which he would look in all the mans pockets before he let him tie the straw up again. The man would then put it on his bicycle and go off down the hill with it. Although Henry was always 4 to find gold or jewelry or other valuable things hidden in thestraw, he never found 5, even though he examined it very carefully. He was sure that the man was smuggling something, but he was not 6 to imagine what it could be.Then one evening, after he had looked through the straw and emptied the factory workers pockets 7 usual, he said to him, “Listen， I know that you are smuggling things 8 this frontier. Wont you tell me what it is that youre bringing into the country so successfully? Im an old man, and todays my last day on the job. Tomorrow Im going to 9. I promise that I shall not tell anyone if you tell me what youve been smuggling.” The factory worker did not say anything for 10. Then he smiled, turned to Henry and said quietly: “Bicycles.”(1).(A). pushing(B). filling(C). pulling(D). carrying答案：A(2).(A). that(B). how(C). where(D). whether答案：D(3).(A). lucky(B). suspecting(C). expecting(D). insisting答案：C(4).(A). nothing(B). everything(C). something(D). anything答案：D(5).(A). capable(B). able(C). possible(D). clever答案：B(6).(A). then(B). as(C). more(D). like答案：B(7).(A). cross(B). across(C). behind(D). into答案：B(8).(A). return(B). retire(C). retreat(D). rest答案：B(9).(A). long time(B). moment(C). period(D). some time答案：D(10).(A). should(B). might(C). would(D). must答案：C三、Reading Comprehension（30 points，2 points for each item）从下列每篇短文 的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。1. There isnt any question about Washingtons greatness. If his administration had been a failure, there would have been no United States. He had all the background that caused him to know how to make it work, because he had worked under the Continental Congress. Some presidents have limited their roles to being administrators of the laws without being leaders. But Washington was both a great administrator and a great leader.I guess, in fact, that the only antiWashington thing I can say is that he made a mistake when he established the precedent of the twoterm Presidency, and even there he had a good personal reason for wanting that, at least for himself. He was attacked viciously by the press of his day, he was called so many terrible things that he told friends ever during his first term that he wasnt going to run again. But Thomas Jefferson and James Madison and Alexander Hamilton persuaded him to go ahead and serve a second term and finally he did. After hed gotten through his second term, though, he made up his mind that he just wouldnt take it any more, and he quit.(1).Basically the authors opinion of Washington is .(A). praiseful(B).derogatory(C). critical(D). negative答案：A(2). Washingtons administration had been a .(A).failure(B).success(C).good example followed by other presidents(D).miracle答案：B(3).Washingtons greatness showed itself in that .(A). Washington worked under the Continental Congress(B). Washington limited his role to being administrators of the laws(C).Washington was both a great administrator and a great leader(D). Washington established the precedent of the twoterm Presidency答案：C(4). Whats the authors attitude toward Washingtons twoterm Presidency?(A).He thinks Washington made a mistake by doing so.(B).He thinks that Washington had a good personal reason for doing so.(C).He thinks that Washington was too selfish in doing so.(D).Both A and B.答案：D(5). . Which of the following is NOT TRUE?(A).Washington was very popular with the press of his day.(B). Washington was persuaded to serve the second term.(C). Washington contributed much to the establishment of the United States.(D). Washingtons greatness is undoubted.答案：A2. In the late 1960s many people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steelandglass skyscrapers (摩天楼) were widely criticized. Scientists pointed out that blocks of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lot capacities.Skyscrapers are also big consumers, and wasters, of electric power. In one recent year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120,000 kilowattsenough to supply the entire city of Albany, New York, for a day.Glasswalled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful. The heat loss (or gain) through a wall of halfinch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical brick wall filled with insulation board. To lessen the strain on heating and airconditioning equipment, builders of skyscrapers have begun to use doubleglazed (装上玻璃的) panels of glass, and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films that reduce glare as well as heat gain. However, mirrorwalled skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings.Skyscrapers put a severe strain on a citys sanitation (卫生) facilities, too. If fully occupied, the two World Trade Center towers in New York City would alonegenerate 2.25 million gallons of raw wastes each yearas much as a city the size ofStamford, Connecticut, which has a population of more than 109,000. Skyscrapers also interfere with television reception, block bird flyways, and obstruct air traffic. In Boston in the late 1960s, some people even feared that shadows from skyscrapers would kill the grass on Boston Common.Still, people continue to build skyscrapers for all the reasons that they have always built thempersonal ambition (抱负) pride, and the desire of owners to have the largest possible amount of rentable space.(1).The main purpose of the passage is to .(A). compare skyscrapers with other modern structures(B).describe skyscrapers and their effect on the environment(C).advocate the use of masonry(化妆舞会) in the construction of skyscrapers(D).illustrate some architectural designs of skyscrapers答案：B(2).According to the passage, what is one disadvantage of skyscrapers that have mirrored walls?(A).The exterior surrounding air is heated. (B).The windows must be cleaned daily. (C).Construction time is increased.(D). Extra airconditioning equipment is needed. 答案：A(3). According to the passage, in the late 1960s some residents of Boston were concerned with which aspect of skyscrapers?(A).The noise from their construction(B).The removal of trees from building sites.(C). The harmful effects on the citys grass.(D).The high cost of rentable office space.答案：C(4).The author raises issues that would most concern which of the following groups?(A). Electricians(B).Environmentalists.(C). Aviators(D).Teachers.答案：B(5). Where in the passage does the author compare the energy consumption of skyscrapers with that of a city?(A).Lines 5-8.(B).Lines 14-15(C).Lines 20-22.(D). Lines 23-25答案：A3. The sea is the common property of all nations. It belongs equally to all. None can appropriate it exclusively to themselves; nor is it “foreign”to any. This was the decision of John Marshall, chief justice of the United States from 1801 to 1835. It was stated as a fundamental rule the sea that no one, and therefore everyone,owns the ocean. This means that outside territorial waters ( the waters within three miles of a countrys coast), the law is whatever nations agree on in peacetime and whatever the strongest naval powers can enforce in wartime. After the United States purchased Alaska, Americans began to seize Canadians who were hunting seals outside Alaskan territorial waters. The Americans claimed that the seals were American property because they often came in to the Alaskan shores owned by the UnitedStates. International arbitrators disagreed with this reasoning. In some cases, however, the special rights of a nation that makes use of an opensea area are recognized.All of the seas rules of the road are established by international conferences and treaties.(1).The fundamental rule of the sea means that .(A).the sea should be equally divided among all the nations in the world(B).any area of the sea belongs to the nation closest to it(C).no nation has any sea rights(D). no nation has exclusive right to the open sea答案：(2).The Americans claim to the seals was based on .(A).the idea that the seals coming to American shores were American property(B).the idea that they were international arbitrators(C). the fact that the United States had purchased all the waters off Alaska(D).the fact that the United States had special rights for opensea areas答案：A(3).International arbitrators decided that .(A).International arbitrators decided that.(B).the Canadians could hunt the seals outside Alaska territorial waters(C).the United States could claim the seals as its property(D).the Americans could not hunt the seals答案：B(4). In peacetime, nations may acquire special rights on open waters by .(A). an agreement with the strongest naval powers(B).the decisions of international arbitrators(C). international agreements(D).negotiations with those who own the areas答案：C(5). The main idea of this passage is that .(A).the law of the sea was stated by John Marshall(B).some nations are able to acquire special open sea rights(C). every nation owns its territorial waters(D).the laws of the sea are established by international agreement答案：C四、Word Spelling(10 points,1 point for two items) 将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的 单词写在答题纸上。1. 分类；归类v. c答案：classify2. 使人心碎的a. h答案：heartbreaking3. 客观的；真实的a. o答案： objective4. 自愿的；自发的a. v答案： voluntary5. 调查；调查研究v. i答案：investigate6. 伴随；陪同v. a答案：accompany7. 冒充；模拟v. s答案：simulate8. 占有；职业n. o答案：occupation9. 管理；调节v. r答案：regulate10. 毒性n. t答案：toxicity11. 计算机化v. c答案：computerize12. 外在的；外部的a. e答案： external13. 竞争的；比赛的a. c答案： competitive14. 摄影；摄影术n. p答案：photography15. 典礼；仪式；礼仪n.c答案：ceremony16. 多样的，复合的 a.m 答案：multiple17. 获得，得到 v. o 答案：obtain18. 铁，熨斗n. i 答案：iron19. 志愿者n. v 答案：volunteer20. 节奏n. r 答案：rhythm五、Word Form(10 points,1 point for each item) 将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。1. The surface of some areas consists (large) of high mountains and deep valley.答案： largely2. Her last three months of life before (give) a final, lethal injection by his doctor were filmed and first shown on television last year.答案：being given3. Other engineers are writing new programs allowing robots to make decisions such as whether to discard (defect) parts in finished products.答案：defective4. The tendency alternatives.答案：to simplify(simplify) complex problems blinds managers to other5. If only we box.答案：had(have) a phone! Im tired of waiting outside the public phone6.We do not yet fully understand the implications of Einsteins theory.答案：relativity(relate)7. (increase), new technology is making it easier for us to find alternativemethods of testing.答案： Increasingly8.Facts are terrible things if (leave) spreading and unexamined. 答案：left9. The walls of ballrooms were covered with (change) patterns of light. 答案： changing10. Such high price is (likely) to attract large numbers of customers. 答案：unlikely.从句意来看要用unlikely，因为价格高不可能吸引更多的顾客。六、Translation from Chinese into English(15 points,3 points for each item)1. 历史上许多科学家与发明家曾充分利用白日梦。答案：Historically, many scientists and inventors have taken full advantage ofdaydreaming.2. 只是最近天文学家们才开始了对黑洞的具体研究。答案：It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into blackholes.3. 不论她如何说