句型分类及教案设计.doc

句型教学分类及教案设计 登灜中学 严海 2012年8月30日一、句型复习的重要性： 句型也称句子结构，是根据句子的结构意义和结构特点从大量的句子中概括出来的典型句型，是语言结构的模式。句型具有代表性和常用性，是语言知识的重要内容之一。学生如果能够掌握一定数量的常用句型，就能为其表达思想、传递信息和进行交际打下良好的基础。下面就句型复习分块这一块内容的设想做一下说明，不足之处，敬请谅解。二、句型分类： 我们本次主要根据小学高年级的英语书中出现的句子进行归纳整理并重新分类，分类我考虑了很久，决定按2种类型进行不容的分类，各位教师可以根据自己学生的实际情况选择使用，当然也可以按你们自己的的思路进行分类，我这里介绍的只是起到了抛砖引玉的作用，希望各位老师在教学实践的过程中，能挖掘出各种不同方式的分类方法，到时我们所有的老师都可以去学习他们好的做法和经验。下面我介绍一下我的2种分类方式： 一、按句型的功能进行分类；二按不同的主题进行分类。按功能分的话，学生在记忆和理解方面相对来说简单一点，但在编写教案时可能要多费好多脑筋，应试教育的痕迹还很明显，这个问题等会儿我会在下面讲解教案时具体说明。按不同的主题进行分类，它的优点在于我共分了6个主题，句型操练我们也只要上6课时，你只要按照这些涉及到的句型进行教案的编写就可以了，但缺点是学生在记忆上有点难度，我们说我们学习句型主要是为了今后在交际中进行信息的传递，如果学生对句子的功能不理解的话，只是死记硬背，那么就起不到效果了。我下面介绍的课程设计是从培养学生交际能力为出发点的，使学生不在刚进初中时就对英语学习感到厌烦。 分类方法一： 按句型的功能进行分类： 一、 时间或日期：1. What time is it? Its2. Its time foe bed. The clock doesnt work.3.When is your birthday? Its October 1st, our National Day. 4. When do you do morning exercises? I usually do morning exercises at 8:30.5. What do you know about months?There are twelve months in a year. They are January, Februaryand December.6. What months make up the spring in Shanghai? AhJanuary, February and March.7. What day is today? Its Monday/Tuesday/Wednesday/ Thursday/Friday/Saturday/Sunday. 8. Whats the date today? Its January the first. 二、 方位或地方1.Where is my toy car？ Its here, under the chair. 2. Where are your pens? Theyre in the pencil box.3. Where is our classroom? Its on the second floor.4. Excuse me, where is the library? Its near the post office. 5. Where are you from? Im from China. 三、 数量与价钱1. How much is this dress? Its ninety yuan. 2. How much are these apples? Theyre forty-five yuan. 3. How much milk is there in the fridge? There is a little. 4. How many girls are there in your class? There are fifteen.四、 How的问句1. How do you go to school? I go to school by bike.2. How old are you? Im twelve years old.3. How tall are you? Im 160cm tall.4. How heavy are you? Im 40 kg.5. How can I get to the Zhongshan Park? You can go by the No.15 bus. 6. How long is the river? Its 100 kilometers long. 7. How does it smell/ taste/feel? -Its rough and its round / It smells nice. It tastes sour.五、 身体状况或情绪1.How are you? Fine, thank you. 2. Whats wrong with you? Ive got a fever and a headache.六、 想吃的的东西1. What do you usually have for your lunch?2. What would you like for breakfast / lunch / dinner ?Id like some bread and milk / rice and soup.3. Whats for breakfast / lunch / dinner?Hamburgers and orange juice4. Whats your favourite fruit? Why？ 5. Which do you like better, sweet fruit or sour fruit？七、 天气状况1.Whats the weather like today? -Its sunny. We can go for a picnic.2. There is a lot of rain in south China. We have little snow in Shanghai.3. Its a rainy day. / The weather is sunny and warm. Its cloudy today.4. The high temperature will fall from 15 to 5 degrees this afternoon. The low will be 0 degrees tomorrow morning.5.Who is stronger, the sun or the wind?6.The changing weather has something to do with the sun.7.The clouds get heavy with water, and the water turns into raindrops.八、 职业、身份或人物1.Whats Bellas mothers job? She is a dentist.2. What does your father do? He is a doctor. 3.Who is the woman over there? She is our class teacher. What is she like? She is young and thin. 4.What do you want to be/do in the future? I want to be a nurse. 5.My mother made some cakes for us yesterday.6.My uncle took me to the funfair last Saturday.7.Shes pretty. She looks like her father. 九、 兴趣、喜好1.Whats your favourite book? Childrens story. 2. Whats your favourite season? Winter. 3. Whats your hobby? My hobby is reading books. 4. Some people like to go by taxi. I like to go on foot.5.My grandfather likes animals. Hes got many pets.6.They were both interested in flying.7.What does Sandy like to learn? Maybe he likes playing the violin. / He would like to learn the piano.十、 经常做得事情1. I usually do my homework. Sometimes I play football.2. He shows his drum to the children and teaches David how to play it.3. Does he/she ? Yes, he/she does. No, he/she doesn/t. He/She doesnt 4. Do you/we/they ? Yes, I/we/ they do. No, I/we/they dont. 5. The shop is open from 9：00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.十一、 正在做得事情1. What are you doing? Im / We are watching TV.2. Whats going on？ Mickey and Donald are sitting in the back of an old truck. 3. Is he/she playing football? Yes, he/she is. No, he/she isnt.4. Im playing the piano. Tom is beating the drum. She is playing the guitar.5. Carol is walking a dog.十二、 将要做得事情1. What are we going to do during the summer holidays? Im going to / Hes going to / Were going to 2. The Wangs will have to wait for another weekend. What a bad piece of luck!3 . Is it going to rain tomorrow? No, it will be cloudy.4. Are you going to ? Yes, we are. No, we arent.5. I/We shall We shall give Sandy a robot as a birthday gift.6. What will you/he/she/they/we do? I/he/she/they/we will do .十三、 曾经做得事情1. I/He/She was You were 2.Did you/he/she/they ? Yes, I/he/she/they did. No, I/he/she/they didnt.3. What did you do yesterday? I did 4. What did the children do at the party?They sang songs to Jenny and blew out the candles on her birthday cake.5.They took the maglev train to the airport.6. Once upon a time there was a young prince. He wanted to marry a princess.十四、 一般疑问句1. Is there/Are there ? Yes, there is. / No, there isnt. Yes, there are./No, there arent.2. Is this Toms umbrella? No, his is black ( hers, ours, theirs) This is mine. Is it nice? Yes. Yours is so nice.3.Do you ride a bicycle to school ever day? No. I take a bus to school every day.4.Hello, this is Tom. Is that Mr. White? -Yes, speaking.5. May / Can I ? -Yes, please. / Yes, you may / can. No, Im afraid you cant.6. Must I do my homework now? -Yes, you must. / No, you neednt.7. Could we have something sweet for a change?十五、 祈使句1.Give me a bottle of water, please. Here you are.2. Please write to me about your family.3.Dont / Please dont .4.Lets take a break then. Thats a good idea. Lets go skateboarding.5.Glad to meet you, Julia.Glad to meet you too.6. Sports can make us healthy.7.We can wear uniforms to school, but we dont need to wear them all the time.8. Mum cant read, and I cant, either.9. Students must get to school on time. Students mustnt eat in class.十六、 其他1.Whats in the box? There is /are 2. What will the world be like in the future? It will be very different in the future. 3.Where would you like to eat? Lets go to a fast food restaurant. 4. Would you like to try some dumplings? Yes, Id love to. /Oh no, thank you. 5.Shall we play the game of ?6.Why not learn some Chinese before you go? Thats a good idea.7.Why are you in a hurry?I think Ill be late for the football match.8.How was your weekend? -It was great.9.What do you need for the picnic? -We need10. Which season do you like best? Why?11Wed like to play basketball in PE lessons once a month.12.I like to have lunch at our school dining room because the food there is delicious.13. What a beautiful school garden! How big the building is!分类方法二：按不同的主题进行分类。 主题一：学校（规则、课程、教室）1.-Is there/Are there ? -Yes, there is. / No, there isnt. Yes, there are./No, there arent2. What a beautiful school garden! How big the building is!3. -How many girls are there in your class? -There are fifteen.4.-Where is/are? -Its/Theyre in/on/near/behind.5. -How much do you know about a calendar?-It tells us days and dates.-What do you know about months?-There are twelve months in a year. They are January, Februaryand December.6. Students must get to school on time. Students mustnt eat in class. -Must I do my homework now? -Yes, you must. / No, you neednt.7.-Do you ride a bicycle to school ever day? -No. I take a bus to school every day.8.We can wear uniforms to school, but we dont need to wear them all the time.9.Wed like to play basketball in PE lessons once a month.10.I like to have lunch at our school dining room because the food there is delicious.11.Anyway, it lucky of you to have a school garden.12.-Whats wrong with you? -Ive got a fever and a headache.13.-What time is it? -ItsIts time for bed. The clock doesnt work.主题二： 上海（景点、假日、小吃）1.-Giveplease. -Here you are.2.Dont / Please dont .3.-How much? -Its yuan. /Theyre yuan.4.How does it smell/ taste/feel? -Its rough and its round / It smells nice. It tastes sour.5.Whats your favourite fruit? Why？ Which do you like better, sweet fruit or sour fruit？6. What do you usually have for your lunch?7.Where would you like to eat? 8.Would you like to try some dumplings?9.Could we have something sweet for a change?10. -What months make up the spring in Shanghai? - AhJanuary, February and March.11. Which season do you like best? Why?主题三：家庭（理想、娱乐活动）1.-Whats Bellas mothers job? -She is a dentist.2.Please write to me about your family.3.There are four people in my family. They are my father, my mother, my brother and me.4.Shes pretty. She looks like her father. 5.My grandfather likes animals. Hes got many pets.6.Lets.7.-Why not learn some Chinese before you go? -Thats a good idea.8.-What do you want to be/do in the future? - I want to9.-What does Sandy like to learn? -Maybe he likes playing the violin. / He would like to learn the piano.10.What will the world be like in the future?11. Mum cant read, and I cant, either.12.They were both interested in .主题四：聚会（生日派对、野餐）1.My mother made some cakes for us yesterday.2.-Whats in the box? -There is /are 3.-What do you need for the picnic? -We need4.-When is your birthday? - Its on / Its in .5.What day is today? Whats the date today?6. There is a birthday party for him7.-What did the children do at the party?-They sang songs to Jenny and blew out the candles on her birthday cake.8.-How was your weekend? -It was great.9.can / cant , must / mustnt , should10.Shall we play the game of ?11. Whats going on？ He is / She is / They are 12.-Hello, this is Tom. Is that Mr. White? -Yes, speaking.13.Our birthday party will be open from 6：00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m.主题五：户外活动1.Lets go skateboarding.2.Sports can make us healthy.3.My uncle took me to the funfair last Saturday.4.Some people like to go by taxi. I like to go on foot.5.May / Can I ? -Yes, please. / Yes, you may / can. No, Im afraid you cant.6.-Why are you in a hurry?-I think Ill be late for the football match.7.The Wangs will have to wait for another weekend. What a bad piece of luck!8.They took the maglev train to the airport.9. That sounds interesting. 主题六：天气1.-Glad to meet you, Julia.-Glad to meet you too.2. -Is this Toms umbrella? -No, his is black ( hers, ours, theirs) This is mine. Is it nice? Yes. Yours is so nice.3. Whats the weather like today? -Its sunny. We can go for a picnic.4. There is a lot of rain in south China. We have little snow in Shanghai. Its a rainy day. / The weather is sunny and warm. Its cloudy today.5.He/She/It will The high temperature will fall from 15 to 5 degrees this afternoon. The low will be 0 degrees tomorrow morning.6.Who is stronger, the sun or the wind?7.-Whose turn is it now? -Its my turn.8.The changing weather has something to do with the sun.9.The clouds get heavy with water, and the water turns into raindrops.10. What kind of weather do you like?I like sunny weather because I can play on the beach. The sand is nice and soft. 常用句型：1. Dont / Please dont .2. Lets.3. -Glad to meet you, Julia.-Glad to meet you too.4. What a beautiful school garden! How big the building is!5. Whats your favourite fruit? Why？ Which do you like better, sweet fruit or sour fruit？6. Whats the weather like today? -Its sunny. We can go for a picnic.7. May / Can I ? -Yes, please. / Yes, you may / can. No, Im afraid you cant.8. -Hello, this is Tom. Is that Mr. White? -Yes, speaking.9.-Whats wrong with you? -Ive got a fever and a headache.10. -Why not learn some Chinese before you go? -Thats a good idea.11. -What do you want to be/do in the future? - I want to12. -How was your weekend? -It was great.13. Wed like to play basketball in PE lessons once a month.14. can / cant , must / mustnt , should15. Would you like to do sth. ? Yes, Id love to.16. Shall we do ?三：句型教学的设计： 在句型教学方面，传统的教学方式是简单地将句型和中文意思写在黑板上，然后一遍又一遍地带领学生朗读，其结果只能是教师和学生读得口干舌燥，课堂上一潭死水，毫无生机。虽然有些学生能将句子读得滚瓜烂熟，但实际交流时却张口结舌，更谈不上正确表达和灵活使用。情景是语言教学中不可缺少的条件。语言存在于特定的情景中，如果离开了情景，语言将成为无源之水，无本之木，结合情景进行句型教学可以营造积极主动和生动活泼的课堂教学氛围，促使学生集中注意力，激发学生的学习兴趣，帮助学生充分理解并操练句型，以提高教学质量。 活动是激发学生语言交流的有效手段。如果教师能组织一些活动来吸引学生把注意力放在活动上，使用所学的英语，通过交流来解决问题，那么，语言学习就会自然发生，在各种