2013年高考真题英语单项填空题分类详解--冠词、名词和.doc

2013年高考真题英语单项填空题分类详解(冠词、名词和主谓一致)江苏省石庄高级中学 秦建华 e-mail:1.(2013课标卷I)31. India attained independence in 1947, after long struggle.A.不填;aB. the; aC. an;不填D. an; the【答案】A【解析】考查冠词。第一空“获得独立”，independence为抽象名词，前不加冠词；第二空“在一个长期的斗争之后”，用不定冠词a。故选A。句意：经过一段漫长的斗争，印度于1947年实现了独立。2.(2013课标卷II)13.Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.A. a; a B. the; the C.不填；the D. a;不填【答案】A【解析】考查冠词。第一空表示“四个半”应用four and a half；短语a break表示“休息一会儿”，故答案选A。句意：我们进行了长达四个半小时的讨论直到午夜。中间休息时吃了一些乳酪、巧克力，喝了加糖的茶水。3.(2013重庆卷)32. The parents were shocked by news that their son needed operation on his knee.A. a;/ B. the; / C. the; an D. a; an【答案】C【解析】考查冠词。第一空news后带有that引导的同位语从句，故应该特指；第二空是指“他们的儿子需要做一个手术”，第一次提到“手术”，故用不定冠词。句意：父母亲听到儿子需要做一个膝盖部分的手术时非常吃惊。4.(2013福建卷)21.The “Chinese Dream” is _ dream to improve peoples wellbeing and _ dream of harmony, peace and development.A. the; a B. a; a C. a; the D. the; the【答案】B【解析】考查冠词。根据句意“中国梦是一个提高人们幸福指数的梦，是一个和谐、安宁和发展的梦”可知，两空都用不定冠词a，答案选B。5.(2013江西卷)32.Animals are obviously _ lower form of life than _ man.A. a ; / B. the ; theC. a ; theD. / ; /【答案】A【解析】考查冠词。第一空表示“一种生命的形式”；第二空man表“人类”，不用冠词。故答案选A。 句意：与人类相比，很明显，动物是一种较为低级的生命形式。6.(2013山东卷)22.It was _ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across _ night sky. A. 不填；a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; 不填【答案】B【解析】考查冠词。night前加了形容词修饰，要加冠词，表示一个，用a, 第二个空特指晚上的天空所以用the。句意：那是一个寒冷的冬夜，月亮照耀在夜晚的天空中。7.(2013陕西卷)19.Marco Polo is said to have sailed on _Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in _thirteenth century. A. the; aB. a;不填 C.不填;the D. the; the 【答案】D【解析】考查冠词。第一个空海洋名称是专有名词用定冠词the，第二个空是世纪年代用定冠词the。句意：据说，13 世纪时，马可波罗在去爪哇岛的途中就已经在太平洋上航行过。8.(2013浙江卷)15.People develop _ preference for a particular style of learning at _ early age and these preferences affect learning.A. a; an B. a; 不填 C. 不填; the D. the; an【答案】A【解析】考查冠词。短语a preference for对的偏好；at an early age在年纪很小时，故均用不定冠词。句意：人们在年纪很小的时候偏好于某种特别的学习方式，这些偏好影响着学习。9.(2013天津卷)7.While she was in Paris, she developed a for fine art.A. way B. relation C. taste D. habit【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。短语a taste for，对的一种爱好。句意：她在巴黎的时候，她对艺术产生了兴趣。故答案选C。10.(2013湖北卷)21.Poetry written from the _ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging. A. perspective B. priority C. participationD. privilege【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。Aperspective视野，视角；B. priority 优先，优先权；C. participation 参与；D. privilege特权。句意：从都市青年的视角写出来的诗歌倾向于揭示他们由于缺乏归属感而产生的焦虑。11.(2013湖北卷)22.Carbon dioxide, which makes a _ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer. A. difference B. comparison C. connection D. barrier【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A. difference 不同；B. comparison对比；C. connection连接；D. barrier障碍物，屏障。句意：二氧化碳，是我们与太阳之间的一道屏障，阻止热量逸出大气层，因此地球正在变暖。12.(2013江西卷)22.Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with _.A. curiosityB. satisfactionC. envyD. patience【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。根据句意：每当我犯错的时候，老师都耐心地给我指出来。故答案选D项。 with patience耐心地；with curiosity好奇地；with satisfaction满意地；with envy嫉妒地，羡慕地。13.(2013江苏卷)33.With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a for the better. A. shareB. chance C. turn D. lead【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。短语take a turn for the better（情况等）好转，故答案选C。句意：有了源于其它食品文化的灵感，美国食品文化可能变得会更好。take a share为分担，出力 take chance冒险；take a lead带头，领先。14.(2013辽宁卷)23. The accident caused some _to my car, but its nothing serious.A. harmB. injuryC. ruinD. damage【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。名词harm表示伤害，通常构成短语“do harm to”；injury表示受伤，指对人的伤害；ruin指毁坏，损毁，不可修复；damage表示损坏，可以修复。根据句意“its nothing serious”可知，答案选D。句意：这次事故对我的小车造成了一些损坏，但是问题并不严重。15.(2013浙江卷)4.As the worlds population continues to grow, the _ of food becomes more and more of a concern.A. worth B. supply C. package D. list【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A项“值得的”； B项“供给”； C项“包裹”； D项“清单”；根据句意“随着世界人口不断上升，食物的供给越来越受到人们的关注。”选B项。16.(2013湖南卷)33. The university estimates that living expenses for international students _ around $ 8,450 a year, which _ a burden for some of them. A. are; isB. are; areC. is; areD. is; is【答案】A【解析】考查主谓一致。首先看第一空，实际主语是“living expenses”，故选择are。再看第二句，处于which之后，此时需要考查which这个定语从句的关系代词所指代的内容，往前寻找先行词，可以确定指代内容为“8,450”，故选择is。句意：这所大学估计，一个国际学生一年的费用在8,450美元左右，这对于一部分学生来说倒是个负担。17.(2013江苏卷)21.Generally, students inner motivation with high e