M5 Unit 1 Grammar讲解+练习题 教案.doc

M5 Unit 1 Grammar讲解+练习题一、不定代词的不同功能1. Ss are asked to study the two letters on Page 5 again, this time trying to find out more To-infinitives in the letters and tell their functions in the sentences.(1) You have every right to feel betrayed (as attribute)(2) she wanted to embarrass you in public, (as object)(3)It seems you need to apologize quickly to avoid losing a good friend! (as object and adverbial respectively)(4) , one of you has to be first to admit (as object and attribute respectively)2. With the guidance of T, Ss try to conclude all the functions of To-infinitive:动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to do”。动词不定式可以单独使用或用作动词不定式短语的一个部分。不定式在句中可做主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语等，但不能单独作谓语。1. 作主语To read English every day is necessary. （不定式to read English every day 做主语）动词不定式做主语时，为了句子平衡，通常用it做形式主语，而把不定式放在谓语之后。例如：It is necessary to read English every day.It is a good idea to go for a picnic today.2. 作宾语 I want to see a film. （不定式to see a film 做宾语）不定式做宾语时，若还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式放在补足语后，用it做形式宾语。例如：He find it difficult to learn Chinese.We think it important to master a foreign language.3. 作宾语补足语He invited me to give a speech on Chinese history. （不定式to give a speech on Chinese history 做宾语补足语，补充说明宾语me）4. 作定语I have a letter to post. (不定式to post做定语，修饰名词letter)1)做定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面须有相应的介词。例如：She had only a small room to live in.I need a pen to write with.2) 试比较：Do you have anything to wash? 你有什么要洗吗？（不定式to wash的动作执行者是you）Do you have anything to be washed? 你有什么要（别人）洗吗？（不定式to wash的动作执行者是别人，而不是you）5. 作表语His wish is to become a lawyer. (不定式to become a lawyer在连系动词is后做表语)6. 作状语1) 表示目的。例如：They worked hard day and night to pay back the debt.2) 表示结果。例如：I hurried to the airport only to find the plane had taken off.3) 表示原因。例如：She felt disappointed to hear the news that she hadnt been promoted.二、不定代词的不同形式 With the guidance of teacher, students try to draw conclusions about the forms of To-infinitive:1、不定式还有进行形式(to be doing)和完成形式(to have done)。2、They seem to be reading in the library. (动词不定式to be reading表示动作read正在发生)3、Im sorry to have said that. （动词不定式to have said that表示动作say发生在过去，并且已完成)三、结论(1)在feel, hear, listen to 等感官动词后，或在let, make, have 等使役动词后的宾语补足语中，不定式不带to。 但是这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带to。例如：I often hear him sing the song.She made me promise to write every day.He is often heard to sing the song.I was made to promise to write every day.(2)would rather, had better和why not 后面，不定式不带to。例如：I would rather stay at home.Why not come in?(3)当两个动词不定式由and, or, than, rather than, as或like相连接时，通常第二个不定式要省略to。例如：Do you want to go skating or see a film?I decided to write rather than phone.(4)不定式在介词but, except后时，若介词前有行为动词do的各种形式，介词后的不定式不带to。例如：He did nothing but point to the door.4、 练习（用动词的正确形式填空）Dear Annie,I want (1)_(thank) you for your last letter. I was pleased (2) _(see) it in my mailbox.You asked me (3)_(think) the whole matter over and (4)_(trust) my best friend. Well, after reading your letter, I asked myself why I didnt believe in Hannah. Youre right. I felt ashamed of my mark and at the same time I did feel jealous of her mark. I shouldnt have blamed her so bitterly. But back then, I was too proud. I would rather (5)_(lose) my best friend than (6)_(apologize) for blaming her.But you persuaded me (7)_ (talk) openly to her rather than (8)_(keep) silent. Yesterday, I invited her (9)_(go) to a caf and I made an apology to her sincerely. I begged her (10)_(not hate) me for what I had said. We had a heart-to-heart talk with each other that day. Certainly, Hannah had decided (11)_(forgive) me and (12) _(be) my friend again.Everything seems (13)_(get) back to normal. I really enjoy the company of Hannah. Isnt it wonderful (14)_(have) good friends?I feel so grateful and lucky (15) _(get) your help and advice. Its your advice that makes me (16)_(get) back my valuable friendship.Many hearty thanks!Yours sincerely,SarahKeys: (1) to th