整理好的介词及习题(2).doc

介词 一. 内容提要：1. 能够掌握常见的表时间、方位、工具等的介词的基本用法。2. 能够辨别意义相关或相近的几组介词3. 能够在具体的语言环境中准确运用介词和介词短语二、知识总结介词：是虚词，它不能单独充当句子成分，常常放在名词或代词之前，与之一起构成介词短语，共同充当句子成分。主要分为三类：时间介词、地点介词、方式介词一. 时间介词 表示“在何时”常用介词in，on，at等in的用法1） 用在世纪、四季、年、月前In 21st century in winter in 2009 in January2） 泛指一天中的上午、下午、晚上In the morning in the afternoon in the eveningon 的用法1） 用在星期、节日前On Monday on Teachers Day2） 用在具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上之前以及具体某一天前On the morning of June 5 On Monday afternoonOn a cold winter evening on March 1st at 的用法1） 用在钟点前at six at eight2） 用在固定词组中at noon at night 注：如果night 前有修饰词，表示具体的夜晚用onEg：on a rainy night典型例题：1.Gina was born _ 1999. She is old enough to go to school（06中考）A. to B. on C. at D. in2. We traveled all night to London and got there _ Sunday morning.（07中考）A. forB. onC. atD. to3. Peter usually gets up early _ the morning.（08中考） A. on B. in C. at D. of4. I usually do some cleaning _ Sunday morning.（10朝阳一模）A. inB. atC. onD. to5.Li Lei often goes to school_7:10 in the morning.(10海淀一模) A. at B.for C.on D.in6.What a healthly boy! He runs _the morning every day.(10海淀二模) A.in B.on C.at D.for 7. When was the sports meeting held? _ April 28.（10宣武一模）A. To B. At C. On D. In 8.I usually get up _eight oclock on weekends.(10朝阳二模) A.at B.on C.in D.to9. I often stay at home _ Sunday.（10通州二模） A. in B. at C. on D. with10.Fathers Day will come _ June 20th this year.（10西城一模）A. onB. atC. inD. to11. Einstein, the famous scientist, was born _ March, 1892.(09中考)A. at B. on C. in D. to12. Some volunteers from Beijing arrived in Shanghai_April 29 to work for the World Expo.(10中考)A.on B.at C.of D.to13. My uncle is coming to Beijing_the morning of May 15.(10东城一模) A.in B.on C.at D.to14. I have seven classes _ Monday. Its really a busy day.（10丰台一模） A. atB. inC. ofD. on15.Mr.Black is a hardworking engineer. He often stays up late_night.(10东城二模)A.at B.on C.about D.to答案：1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.A 表示“在.期间”常用介词during，fromto,for等 during the winter holiday 寒假期间 during the last two years 在过去的两年中 for a long time 好久 for three years 三年 from Monday to Friday from July to Augusteg：1.Do you go to school every day? No，we go to school only_Monday to Friday. A.from B.on C.from D.at 其它表示时间介词1） in 与after 表示时间“在之后”“in+一段时间”表示将来一段时间之后，通常与将来时态（一般将来时和过去将来时）连用。“after+一段时间”表示一段时间之后，通常与过去时连用Eg：1.I hear hell be back_a month. A.after B.in C.from D.at2.Mr.Black got to Hang zhou_a few days.A.in B.after C.on D.at答案：1.B 2.B2) before与after都常用于时间点前 before 表示“在之前 ,早于” after 表示“在之后”（与时间点连用表示将来某个时间之后） eg：Ill be free before five oclock tomorrow. She always watches TV after supper. Ill ring you up after two oclock.3) since 与 for 常用于现在完成时中引导时间状语。 Since 用于时间点前 for 用于时间段前He has been a teacher since 1995.She has lived here for 20 years.4) by 与since 表示时间的用法. by 表示一个瞬间动作发生在某一时间点或在某一时间之前. since表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续，一般只用于完成时态的句子中。 Eg：Jack has studied Chinese in this school_the year of 2000. A.since B.in C.on D.by 注：since+the year of+年份=since +年份 All of us must be at the school gate by six tomorrow morning. 我们大家都得在明天早上6点钟之前到达学校门口。 By the time of last week, we had finished all the lessons for this term. 到上周末为止，我们已经把本学期课程都学完了。5）until 与 till 意为“直到”常用于notuntil结构中。 表示“直到才”,until 后跟时间点。 The meeting will last till four oclock.会议一直开到4点。 She didnt leave the swimming pool until closing time. 她直到关门时才离开游泳池。6）between 常与and 连用。表示“在之间” ，后跟表示“时间点”的名词。 She was at Middle School between 1979 and 1985.二地点介词 in，at 与on表示方位用法in 表示地点，“在内” ，用于内部。at 表示“在某地”时，后接小地方，大地方用in。on“在上面 ，在靠近的地方” ，用于表面接触，指在一个平面上。on the wall“在墙表面挂着” in the wall “在墙内”There is a hole in the wall.注：表示树上结出果实用on，外来之物停、落在树上用in.1. Look_the map_China_the wall,please. A.after;of;in B.at;of;in C.after;in;on D.at;of;on2. There are two windows_the right wall, there is a map_the left wall. A.in;on B.in;in C.on;on D.on;in3. A little monkey is playing_a tree and there are a lot of bananas_it. A.on;on B.in;on C.on;in D.in;in答案：1.D 2.A 3.B in，on 和to 表达地区方位 in：表示某地在一个大的地区范围内的某一方位。 Shandong is in the east of China. on: 表示两地区的毗邻或“在之畔” 用on Korea is on the east of China. to: 在某地范围之外的某个方向用to Japan is to the esat of China习题：1. Shanghai is_the west of Japan.A.to B.in C.on D.at2. Hongkong is_the south of China, and Macao is _the west of HongKong. A.in;to B.to;to C.to;in D.in;in3. Do you know that Fujian is _ the west of Taiwan?A. to B. in C. on【答案】 1.A 2.A 3.A 表达“内部前方” 与“外部前方” in front of 与 in the front ofin front of: 表示在某一空间外部的前面in the front of:表示在某一空间内部的前面eg：There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom across,over与through across: 强调从某个平面的一边到另一边，“横过” through：指从某个立体空间内穿过，顺着通过 over:侧重越过某种障碍物等 eg：The Great Wall goes from west to east,across the desert,over the mountains,through the valleys,till it arrives at the sea. 长城从西到东，穿过沙漠，越过高山，跨过深谷，直达海边。 “上面” 、“下面”的表达 over：表示在上方，强调在物体的正上方。 under：表示在下方，强调在物体的正下方。 above：表示在上方，不一定是正上方，有时也可指温度、海拔等的刻度。 below：表示在下方，不一定是正下方，有时也可指温度、海拔等的刻度。Eg：Look，youll see a bridge over the river.We can see a village below the mountain when we stand on the top of the hill. 英文中某些动词其后要接人，然后接“介词+the+身体部位” 注：如果身体部位较软用in，硬的部位用on Eg：John hit Jack in the face. He caught the boy by the arm.三方式介词 in 指使用某种语言、工具的具体类型等。 with：多指用工具，用身体的某部位或器官。 Eg：You can see it with your own eyes. by: 指使用的方法和手段。习题：1. He makes a living_teaching.A.in B.of C.by D.on 2. The book was written_English.A.in B.with C.from D.by 3. I go to school_bus every morning.A.in B.by C.on D.at 4. This programme was sent to the USA_China_satellite.A.in;of B.of;in C.from;by D.by;from5. I learn French_the radio every day. A.on B.in C.by D.with答案：1.C 2.A. 3.B 4.C 5.A by in on 表旅行方式时的用法 by+交通工具 前面没有冠词或任何修饰语1） 不涉及表示交通工具的名词时用byby sea 海陆 by air 空运，乘飞机 by land 陆路 by water 水路2） 涉及表示交通工具的单数名词by car 乘汽车 by bus 乘公交车 by train 乘火车by plane 乘飞机 by ship 乘轮船 by bike 乘自行车by boat 乘船 by subway 乘地铁 on 或in +交通工具 确定的交通工具 交通工具前应有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰语。 in a car 乘汽车 in a train 乘火车 on a bus on a bicycle on my bike 注意：但步行用on foot 表示“制造”的表达 be made in+ 产地 be made into +产品 be made of +材料（没有改变性质）从表面可看出原材料 be made from+材料（改变性质）从表面无法看出原材料 be made by“由制成” （人或方式） be made for“制成用于”习题：1. This kind of table is made_plastic.A. from B.of C.in D.by 2. Your coat looks nice.Is it_cotton? Yes.Its_Shanghai.A.made of; made by B.made of;made inC.made for;made in D.made from;made by 答案：1.B 2.B四其它介词except，but，besidesexcept=but “除了之外” 不包含，排除之外。besides “除之外，另外还有” ，着重于“另外还有”（包含在内）eg：Do you know any other foreign language_English? A.except B.but C.beside D.besides答案：D五有关介词短语with bad manners 有不良习惯 operate on 给做手术be strict in sth be strict with sb play against 与比赛 look forward to 期望，盼望 at the age of 在岁时 by the end of 到.末，表达动作的截止时间，一般用于完成时态中hear from sb 收到来信 hear of（about）sb/sth 听说过(人或事) stopfrom 阻止做某事 be interested in sth 对某事感兴趣 laugh at 嘲笑某人 laugh over 笑着谈论某人或某事 in trouble 陷入困境 thank sb for sth 因某事而感谢某人 thanks to sb 多亏某人 be good at 擅长 be good for 对有益 be bad for 对不利 agree with sb 同意某人的观点和看法 go on well with sb 与某人相处很好 depend on 依靠某人或某事 in bed 躺在床上 in the corner of 在内的角落 shout at 对某人喊叫 be polite to sb 对某人有礼貌be angry with sb 对某人生气 be from=come from 来自be proud of 为感到骄傲、自豪 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事at a time 一次 at times 有时 all the time 总是 at that time 在那时with ones help 在某人的帮助下 be worried about 为而担心do well in 在方面做的好 on a farm 在农场be sure of 对.有把握 习题：1.Dont shout_the old woman.You should be more polite _her.A.to;at B.at;to C.in;for D.from;for2. Theres something wrong _my watch. A.in B.with C.at D.about3.The Shanghai Expo opened_May1,2010.(10崇文一模) A.on B. in C.to D.at4.When did Hong Kong return to our motherland? _1997.(10宣武二模) A.On B.In C. At D. For5.Spring is the best season in Beijing. It usually comes_March.(10崇文二模) A. on B.in C.to D.at6. Wheres our library?（10西城二模） Its _ the right side of the teachers office. A. atB. forC. onD. in7.My name is Li Guang. I come _ China.（10通州二模） A. in B. for C. from D. of8. The 29th Olympic Games were held _ August 8th, 2008 in Beijing.（10房山二模）A. toB.in C. on D. at9.We had a wonderful party_the park last night.(10丰台二模) A.to B.in C.of D.on10.When it rains, I go to school _ bus instead of on foot.（10石景山二模）A. on B. of C. by D. at 11.Its bad manners to laugh_ others when they are in trouble.（10怀柔二模）A. at B. on C. in D. to12.Chinese tigers live _ the south of China.（10大兴二模） A. in B. at C. to D. with13.The students are having an English lesson _ their classroom. A. in B. on C. for D. of 14.Fathers Day is_June 21this year. A.at B.in C.on D.to15. How old is Marry ？ Shes fifteen. She was born_1994. A.in B.at C.on D.for16. What have you decided to buy for your mother_Mothers Day? Some flowers Aat Bon Cto Din17.Li Lei often goes to school_7:30 in the morning. A.at B.for C.on D.of18.When are you going to meet your uncle on Sunday morning? _half past seven. A.On B.In C.To D.At19.The plane will arrive in Beijing at 7 oclock_ the morningAof Bon Cat Din 20.Toms family moved to Shanghai_2001.A.at B.in C.of D.on21.We are going to have a meeting at 8oclock_Monday morning. A.on B.in C.for D.at22.We travelled all night to London and got there_Sunday. A.on B.to C.at D.in23.Lingling came to school_7:30 this morning. A.at B.in C.on D.for24.There is an English party_Friday. A.on B.in C.at D.to25.The story which moved us a lot happened_May12th,2008. A.in B.on C.at D.by26.My uncle arrived at the airport_the morning of May 3rd. A.at B.in C.on D.to27.My father was born_September20th,1970. A.at B.in C.of D.on28.Last night I called him_8:30,but he was not in. A.by B.at C.in D.on29.What do you often do after class ? I often play basketball _my friends. A.with B.for C.from D.to30.The plane will arrive in Beijing at 7 oclock_ the morningAof Bon Cat Din 31.My father was born in Beijing_1965. A.at B.in C.of D.on32.When do you usually go to the tennis club? _Sundays. A.To B.At C.In D.On33.When was Shenzhou V1 sent up into space successfully? _2005. A.At B.In C.On D.From34.How long have you studied here? _ two years. Im used to the life here. A. For B. Since C. In D. By35.Fathers Day is_June 22 nd this year. A. in B.at C.on D.to36.Could you tell me when the Olympic Games will start? _the evening of August 8th,2008. A. In B.On C.At D.From37.My brother joined the League_March26,1998. A.in B.on C.at D.from38.We often have P.E. classes_the afternoon. A.at B.in C.of D.on39.My mother studied in Nanjing_five years before she got a job in Beijing. A.on B.between C.from D.for40.Guess, how much does it cost?I think it costs 15 and 20 dollars. A. from B. between C. among D. with41.When did your uncle arrive China?He got to Guangzhou the morning of the 16th of April. A. at; in B. in; in C. to; on D. in; on42.The food my country is quite different that here. A. in; like B. to; from C. from; to D. in; from43.Tom told me his parents had arrived Beijing. A. atB. onC. inD. to44.Lets play table tennis _ Tuesday morning, shall we?A. on B. in C. to D. at45.-_ the heavy rain, we didnt go camping last Sunday.-What a pity!A. Thanks to B. Because of C. Instead of D. As for46.-Can you see some people are waiting _ the library?-Yes, They are standing in a queue in front of its gate.A. around B. inside C. outside47.Nanjing is a beautiful city. It won “China Human Habitat Environment Prize” _ 2008.A. at B. on C. in D. by48.-It is saidthat anewzoo willbe built inour town.-Im_it.Zoosare terrible for animals.A. through B. besides C. against D. except49.Its very important us to make a plan before a new term.Yes. You must try to make it carefully.A. ofB. forC. to D.about50.Look, Tina is waiting _ the bus stop. A. for B. at C. in D. to 51.-Is it polite to speak and laugh loudly _ ?-No, I dont think so.A. in public B. at least C. on time52.Mr. Lin gave the textbooks to all the students _ the ones who had already taken them.A. except B. including C. among D. with53.Einstein, the famous scientist, was born _ March, 1897.A. at B. on C. in D. to54.-Why are you standing there, Maggie?-I cant see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting _ me.A. behind B. in front of C. beside D. next to55.The young men walked _ the forest and came to a big river at last.A. on B. over C. through D. across56.You Can find a way to reach your goals when you are proud_ yourself and stand tall like a sunflowerAon Bfrom Cof57.Lin Lin often practices English _ chatting with her American friend.A. in B. by C. for D. with 58.There is going to be a wonderful party _ the evening of October 1st, 2009.A. in B. on C. at D. for59. A new baby came to the earth _ a sunny winter morning. How nice.A. in B. on C. of D. at60.-When were you born?-I was born _ the morning of May 7th , 1995.A. in B. on C. at 61.What would you like to do _ such a bad boy?A. with B. on C. at D. in62.No hurry.The bus will arrive_ten minutes. A.at B.for C.in D.by63.Where is Wenzhou zoo? Ive no idea.Why not find it_the map? A.at B.for C.of D.on64.Lindas teacher was so mad_her because she made lots of mistakes in the test.A.at B.in C.on D.about65.Mr Smith has bought a large house_a swimming pool. A.in B.with C.of D.at66.Please call hot line_12345 for help if you have any problem. A.under B.at C.as D.in67.Well have a hiking trip,but when shall we meet? Lets make it_half past eight_the moning of June 23. A.at;in B./;on C./;in D.about;by68.I paid 25_the beef,and I only got a little. A.for B.on C.in D.to69.There was an exciting moment in our class when a large bird flew_the room. A.