杨淳竣练习题1.doc

语法知识一、词类：1、名词这里强调两点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is名词复数如何加后缀：各种不同情况变化方法例词一般情况直接加-sbook-books bag-bags cat-cats bed-beds以s. x. sh. ch结尾加-esbus-buses box-boxes brush-brusheswatch-watches peachpeaches glass-glasses以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i, 再加-esfamily-families study-studies以“f或fe”结尾变f或fe为v，再加-esknife-knives不规则名词复数man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice foot-feet child-children fish-fish Chinese-Chinese2、 人称代词和物主代词人称代词物主代词单数复数单数复数主格宾格主格宾格形容词性形容词性第一人称I（我）mewe（我们）usmy（我的）our（我们的）第二人称you（你）youyou（你们）youyour（你的）your（你们的）第三人称he（他）himthey（他/她/它们）themhis（他的）their（他/她/它们的）she（她）herher（她的）it（它）itit（它的）人称代词： 有主格和宾格之分。 一般动词前用主格，动词后用宾格。3、指示代词指近处指远处单数this （这个）that （那个）复数these（这些）those（那些）4、冠词有a、an、the。a和an的区别：an用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母a、e、i、o、u）前，a用于辅音音素前。二、否定句：be动词（am、is、are）+not、情态动词can+ not、助动词（do、does） + not如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句：1、看句中有无be动词，如有，直接在be动词后+ not。2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后+ not。3、如上述二者都没有，就应用助动词+ not。分四个步骤：（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。（2）确定助动词用do、does，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does，（3）在助动词后加not。（4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。三、一般疑问句。如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为一般疑问句：1、看句中有无be动词，如有，把be动词提到句首即可。2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，把情态动词提到句首即可。3、如上述二者都没有，就应把助动提到句首。分四个步骤：（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。（2）确定助动词用do还是does，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does（3）把助动词后提到句首。（4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。四、特殊疑问句。表示疑问，有疑问词（在开头），回答有很多种可能。常用疑问词： 疑问词意思用法What time 什么时间问具体时间，如几点钟Who谁问人Whose 谁的问主人Where在哪里问地点What 什么问东西、事物What colour什么颜色问颜色How old多大年纪问年纪How many多少数量（可数名词）问数量How much多少钱；多少数量（不可数名词）问多少钱或数量（不可数）五、时态1、一般现在时（1）一般现在时中的be动词：一般用原形：am is are am用于第一人称单数（I）；is用于第三人称单数（he she it和其他人名或称谓，如：Ben his sister等）；are用于第二人称单数（you）和所有复数（包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you；第三人称复数they和其他复数，如the children 、 his parents等）。（2）一般现在时中的动词：第一种情况：主语是第三人称单数（he she it 和其他，如Helen 、her cousin 等），动词后一般加s或es。第二种情况：主语不是第三人称单数，动词都用原形。（4）一般现在时判断依据（如何判断一个句子是一般现在时）：be动词是am、is、are 动词用原形或加s、es没有时间状语或有usually、often、everyday、sometimes等不是具体的时间一、代词练习题( ) 1. She is a student, _ name is Julia. A. its B. her C. hers D. his( ) 2. Could you help _ with _ English, please. A. I, my B. me, me C. me, my D. my, I( ) 3. A friend of _ came here yesterday. A. my B. his C. him D. himself( ) 4. _ pencil-box is beautiful. But _ is more beautiful than _. A. Toms, my, he B. Toms, mine, his C. Toms, mine, him D. Toms, my, his( ) 5. Most of _ like Chinese food. A. they B. Their C. Them D. theirs( ) 6. Dont you let _ help you? A. I and my friend B. my friend and IC. my friend and me D. my friend and I to( ) 7. How hard _ works! A. we B. him C. he D. his ( ) 8. _ have been chosen. A. I, you and he B. He, you and I C. You, he and I D. You,and me( ) 9. She gave the erasers to Lucy and _. A. I B. me C. my D. mine( ) 10. Thats not _, it is_. I made it _ . A. ours, mine, myself B. your, mine, myself C. yours, her, myself D. yours, my, myself2、 冠词填空：在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划/1There is _ picture of _ elephant on _ wall 2This is _ useful bookIve read it for _ hour 3_ elephant is much heavier than _ horse 4_ doctor told him to take _ medicine three times _ day 5Lets go out for _ walk 6Its too hotOpen _ door，please 7There is _ woman over there _ woman is Meimeis mother 8 _ sun rises in _ east 9 _ Changjiang River is _ longest river in _ China 10Are you going to do it _ second time？ 三、用( what，who, where, when)填空。1._ is that pretty girl? She is my sister.2._ are Jack and Tom? They are behind you.3._ do you go to school? I go to school from Monday to Friday.4._ has a beautiful flower? John has a beautiful flower.5. A: _ are those? B: Those are peppers(辣椒).6._ is my mother? She is in the living room.7._ are you going? We are going to the bakery(面包坊).8._ do Jim and Wendy play ball? They play ball in the afternoon.9._ does he jog? He jogs in the park.10. A: _ are you doing? B: We are playing basketball.三、把下列句子改为一般疑问句1. He often watches TV._ .2. There is no problem(问题) about it._ .3. My father likes play ping pong._ .4. There are 5 students in the classroom,_ .5. He has some brothers,_ .6. They have Chinese map._ .7. Tom has few apples._ .8. My parents can play tennis_ .9. He is watering the flowers in the park._.10. Joy has a small T-shirt._ .四、一般现在时练习。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup