过去进行时语法讲解及习题.doc

过去进行时 (一)定义过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行的动作(二)结构 were /were+ V-ing. I was doing my lessons then. 那时，我在做功课。We were cleaning the house. 我们在打扫房子。(三) 标志词：1.at this/that time, 2.at this/that time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week ), 3.at+ 点钟 +yesterday (last night / Sunday ) ，4. when sb/sth. did sth. last evening5. the whole morning, all day , from nine to ten, while等。例如：I was making fruit salad at this time. They were studying from 8:00 to 11:00 yesterday.（四）一般过去时的肯定句、否定句、疑问句及简略回答。 1. 肯定句: 主语+was/were+V-ing+其它. I was watching TV at that time last night.2. 否定句: 主语+was/were+not+V-ing+其它.I was not watching TV at that time last night.3.一般疑问句：was/were主语+V-ing+其它?Were you watching TV at that time last night?肯定回答：Yes, I was.否定回答：No, I wasnt.4. 特殊问句: 疑问词was/were主语+V-ing+其它?What were you doing at at that time last night?(五) 基本用法：1）过去进行时表示在过去某个时间点发生的动作或事情。(用介词短语和从句来表示时间点)I was sleeping at this time last Sunday.(过去某一时刻)My mother was cooking dinner at 9:00 yesterday. (过去某一时刻)We were having supper when Tom came in.我们正在吃晚饭时电话响了（从句表示时间点）2）过去进行时表示在过去某段时间内持续发生动作或事情。 （the whole morning, all day , from nine to ten, while, when等。）Lucy was working all day. （过去某一段时间）We were watching Tv from seven oclock to nine oclock last night.WhatwereyoudoingwhenIphonedyoulastnight?昨晚我给你打电话时你在干什么？3) 在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，延续性动词用过去进行时，非延续性动词用一般过去时。例如：TheywerewatchingTVwhenIenteredtheroom.我进入房间时，他们正在看电视。若主句和从句的动词均为延续性动词，则可以两边都可以采用过去进行时。例如：ThechildrenwereplayingwiththeirtoyswhileIwaseatingmydinner.我吃饭的时候，孩子们在玩他们的玩具。While he was waiting for the bus , he was resding newspaper. 他边等车边看报。（两个动作都是延续的） He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他洗车时我在做饭。（两个动作同时进行）4) 可用来表示由过去某时持续到另一时间的过去动作。例如：HewasstudyinginCambridgebetween1999and2001.在1999年和2001年那段时间，他在剑桥学习。FromJanuarytoMarchIwastravelinginEgypt.从一月份到三月份期间，我在埃及旅游。这种时间状语亦可同一般过去时连用，如：例如：Heworkedfrommorningtillnightyesterday.昨天他从早到晚地工作。5) 表示故事发生的背景。Itwasasunnymorning.Somepeopleweresittingontheriverbank.Somewerewalkingwiththeirdogs.Severalboyswereplayingfootballnearby.一个阳光明媚的清晨。河堤上坐着几个人。有的人在溜狗。不远处有几个男童在踢足球.It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on the river bank. He wanted to cross the river.那是一个漆黑的夜晚，风刮得很厉害，雨下得很大，一个解放军战士突然出现在河岸上，他想过河去。6）过去进行时表示婉转语气（只限于want, hope, wonder 等动词），用以提出请求。如：I was wondering if you could help me.I was hoping you could send me home.I was wondering whether you could come to join us. 我想你能否过来跟我们一起活动？7) 过去进行时中有always, forever, continually, constantly修饰时，表示说话人的赞赏或厌烦的感情。如：He was always thinking of others. 他总是想到人家。注意：有一些动词一般不用过去进行时：如agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如：误：I was knowing the answer.正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。误：I wasnt understanding him.正：I didnt understand him. 我不明白他的意思。（六）when 和while的用法区别when既指时间点，也可指一段时间。因此when在状语从句中的动词可以终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词 while只指一段时间。while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。when说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后生；while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。 when引导的时间状语从句。后用一般过去时。While后面一般用过去进行时。如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导，a.When the teacher came in, we were talking.=While we were talking, the teacher came in. b.They were singing while we were dancing.（七）. 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 （1） 过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或持续，而一般过去时表示动作的完成。如： He was writing his composition last night. 他昨晚在写作文。（不一定写完） He wrote his composition last night. 他昨晚写了一篇作文。（已经写完） （2） 表示过去的状态、感觉及心理活动的静态动词（如be， like， love， hate， fear， own， hear， see， know， want， notice）可用于一般过去时，但通常不用于进行时。如： I hated it when a man spoke with his mouth full of food. 我讨厌人们说话时口里含着食物。 （3） 一般过去时与always， constantly， forever， continually等连用，表示“过去经常性、习惯性的动作”；而过去进行时与always， constantly， forever， continually等连用，表示动作的重复，常带有感*彩。如： He always got up at six. 他过去总是六点起床。 He was always thinking of his work. 他总是一心想到工作。 （4） 有时过去进行时可以用来替换一般过去时，但一般过去时表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的；而过去进行时表示一种较随便或没有进行仔细考虑的行为。如： I thought that he would agree with us. 我原以为它会同意我们的。 I was thinking of persuading him to follow my advice. 我想到了要说服他接受我们的建议典型例题：1) Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes 答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。2) As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep.A. read; was fallingB. was reading; fellC. was reading; was fallingD. read;fell 答案B.句中的as = when, while，意为当之时。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。句中的 fell (fall的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。考题2 Tom _ into the house when no one _ .A. slipped/was looking B. Had slipped /lookedC. slipped/had looked D. was slipping /looked分析 此题先要理解好when ，表“此时”，说明主句中slipped是较短行为，而look是较长行为的片断，即汤姆溜进房子，此时没人瞧见，故选A为正确。一 填入以下单词的正确形式1. It was warm, so I _off my coat (take).2. John_ (take) a photograph of me while I _(not/look).3. Jane_(wait) for me when I _(arrive).4. Sue wasnt hungry, so she _ anything. (eat)5. It was hard work carrying the bags. They _very heavy.(be)6.When I was young, I_(want) to be a bus driver.7. My brother came into the bedroom while I _(dance). 8. _he _ (lie) on the ground at nine yesterday evening? 9. What _ Jim _ (write) when the teacher came in? 10. The Reads _ (not have) lunch when I got to their house. 11. Mike and I _(play) basketball at that time yesterday afternoon. 二.按要求转换下列句型。 1. We were having a PE class at four yesterday afternoon.（改为否定句） We _ _ a PE class at four yesterday afternoon. 2. Kate was reviewing her lessons at eight last night.（改为一般疑问句，并做肯、否定回答） _ Kate _her lessons at eight last night? _ , she _. _ , she _ . 3. He ran in the park.（用at this time yesterday改写） He _ _in the park at this time yesterday. 4. They were playing computer games at nine last night.（对划线部分提问） _ _ they _ at nine last night? 5. I was reading a novel at three yesterday afternoon.（对划线部分提问） _ _ you _ at three yesterday afternoon? 三. 根据汉语提示，完成下列句子，每空填一词。 1那时他们不在打排球。 They _ _ volleyball at that time. 2当你回来时，他在看电视吗？ _ he _TV when you came back? 3昨天中午他在哪里等你？ _ _ he _for you at noon yesterday? 4当我离开时，他正在做家庭作业。 He _ _ his homework when I left. 5正当他们扫地的时候，老师进来了。 While they _ _ the floor, the teacher came in. 四、 翻译。1. 今天上午放学的时候在下雨吗？是的，天正下着大雨。2 当我离开的时候他正在画一幅世界地图。3 当你看见他们的时候他们在干什么？他们在打扫教室。4 那时二班的学生没在操场上踢足球，他们在打篮球。5 一天，母亲下班回家的时候，约翰在写给一个朋友写信。6 上周五一下午，学生们在干什么？他们一直在往墙上贴海报。7 昨天这个时候，一些学生在植树,一些学生在给小树浇水。8 老师走进教室的时候，学术们正在谈论当天的新闻。一：1. took 2. took, wasnt looking3. was waiting, arrived 4. didnt eat5. were 6. wanted7was dancing 8.Was, lying 9.was, writing 10.werent having 11.were playing 二. 1.werent having 2. Was, reviewing, Yes, was, No, wasnt 3. was running 4.What were, doing 5.What were, reading 三. 1.werent playing 2.Was, watching 3.