英语六级翻译新题型.doc

英语六级翻译新题型预测中医中医是中华文化不可分割的一部分，为振兴华夏作出了巨大贡献。如今，中医和西医在中国的医疗保健领域并驾齐驱。中医以其独特的诊断手法、系统的治疗方式和丰富的典籍材料备受世界瞩目。中国的中医事业由国家中医药管理局负责。现在国家已经出台了管理中医的政策、法令和法规，引导并促进这个新兴产业的研究和开发。在定义上，中医是指导中国传统医药理论和实践的一种医学，它包括中草药、针灸、推拿、气功和食疗。中医 Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) 不可分割的 integral 华夏 Chin 诊断手法 diagnostic method系统的 systematic 治疗方式 cure approach丰富的 abundant 国家中医药管理局 State Administration of TCM and Pharmacology由负责 under the adminstration of 管理 govern新兴产业 promising industry 在定义上 by definition中草药 herbal medicine 针灸 acupuncture推拿 Tuina 气功 Qigong 食疗 dietary therapyTraditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an integral part of Chinese culture. It has made great contributions to the prosperity of China. Today both TCM and western medicine are being used in providing medical and health services in China. TCM, with its unique diagnostic methods, systematic cure approaches, abundant historical literature and materials, has attracted a lot of attention from the international community. In China, TCM is under the administration of State Administration of TCM and Pharmacology. National strategies, laws and regulations governing TCM are now in place to guide and promote the research and development in this promising industry. By definition, TCM is a medical science governing the theory and practice of traditional Chinese medicine. It includes herbal medicine, acupuncture, Tuina, Qigong and dietary therapy.红楼梦红楼梦由曹雪芹和高鹗所著。小说以贾氏家族为故事核心，描述了贾家从一个富裕、有权有势的家族沦落为破落家庭的过程。小说成功塑造了100多个经典人物，他们分属于清朝的不同阶层。红楼梦对中国的封建社会有深刻的描绘,如果要了解中国人复杂的价值观,最好先能读懂红楼梦。 毛主席评价道：“红楼梦不仅是爱情故事，也是历史故事，因为它描述了封建时代的兴败。”红楼梦 A Dream of Red Mansions 由所著 be attributed to家族 clan 富裕 affluent权势 prestige 沦落为 descend to塑造 portray 阶层 rank封建社会 feudal society 复杂 complexityA Dream of Red Mansions is attributed to Cao Xueqin and Gao-E. The author chose Jia Clan as the focus, depicting how an affluent and influential family with prestige lost its favor and descended to crash. In the novel, about 100 classic characters are successfully portrayed. These characters concern people of all ranks in the Qing Dynasty. A Dream of Red Mansions is a remarkable story about Chinese feudal society. To understand Chinese values in all its complexity, one can do no better than to read A Dream of Red Mansions. “It is not only a love story, but also a history story, because it describes the success and failure of the feudal period,” said Chairman Mao.歌谣和神话远在文字出现之前，歌谣跟口头流传的神话就已大量产生。中国的文学正是开始于此。不过，歌谣本是人们在生活中随兴而发的东西，上古时代也没有保存和记载它们的方式，因此也就很快湮灭，不留痕迹。如今，我们只能从一些古书中推断它们的存在。古书中记载了一些年代非常久远的歌谣，但是大多出于后人的伪托，能够断定出处的歌谣要到诗经里才能看见。从这点来看，古代神话对中国文学的影响更为显著。歌谣 ballad 随兴而发 improvise痕迹 trace 推断 deduce年代非常久远的 time-honored 伪托 derivative诗经 The Book of SongsLong before the emergence of the written word, ballads and myths, passed around by word of mouth, were widely popular. Chinese literature finds its origins in these traditions. However, ballads were what people improvised out of daily life, and due to lack of means to record and preserve them in ancient times, they quickly disappeared without leaving much of a trace. Today, we can only deduce their existence from ancient books, which recorded some time-honored ballads, though most of these are believed to be derivatives of later generations. Ballads in The Book of Songs are the earliest writings that can be dated. From this point of view, ancient mythology has had a greater influence on Chinese literature.端午节端午节可以追溯到公元前227年的战国时代。这个节日是为了纪念楚国的大夫屈原，他因为对朝廷的贪污*感到绝望而投河自尽。镇上的人纷纷冲上船去救他，却没有成功。后来大家把米撒到水里，希望把饥饿的鱼群从他的躯体边引开。多年以后，屈原逝世的故事逐渐演变成赛龙舟和吃粽子(一种包在竹叶中的米食)的传统。2009年，端午节被联合国教科文组织宣布为非物质文化遗产。端午节 the Dragon Boat Festival 追溯到 date back to战国时代 the Warring States Period 纪念 commemorate大夫minister 因感到绝望 despair over没有成功 in vain 撒 scatter引开 distract 演变成 transform into赛龙舟 race dragon boats吃粽子 zongzia kind of rice wrapped in bamboo leaves联合国教科文组织 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)宣布 proclaim 非物质文化遗产 intangible cultural heritageThe Dragon Boat Festival can date back to the Warring States Period in 227 B.C. The festival commemorates Qu Yuan, a minister in the service of the Chu Emperor. Despairing over corruption at court, Qu threw himself into a river. Townspeople jumped into their boats and tried in vain to save him. Then, hoping to distract hungry fish from his body, the people scattered rice into the water. Over the years, the story of Qus death transformed into the traditions of racing dragon boats and eating zongzia kind of rice wrapped in bamboo leaves. The Chinese Dragon Boat Festival was proclaimed an intangible cultural heritage by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 2009.清明节每年4月4日到6日左右的清明节是传统的扫墓的日子。在这一天，人们祭悼去世的亲人，到先人的坟头上扫墓。唐朝著名诗人杜牧有一首著名的诗，描述了四月初令人伤感的一幕场景：“清明时节雨纷纷，路上行人欲断魂。”与清明节扫墓的悲哀相反，人们在这个日子怀揣着春的希望。清明时节，阳光明媚，树木和小草吐绿，大自然生机盎然。从古代起，人们就去春游。清明时节，游客遍地。如今，清明节是中国大陆的法定假日。清明节 the Qingming Festival 扫墓 tomb-sweeping去世 depart 唐朝 the Tang Dynasty杜牧 Du Mu 清明时节雨纷纷，路上行人欲断魂。Rains fall heavily as Qingming comes, and passers-by with lowered spirits go.与相反 in contrast to 春游 Spring outing中国大陆 mainland China 法定假日 statutory public holidayThe Qingming Festival, the traditional tomb-sweeping day, falls on April 4-6 each year. It is a time for remembering loved ones who departed. People visit their ancestors graves to sweep away the dirt. A well-known poem by the Tang Dynasty Du Mu tells of a sad scene in early April: “Rains fall heavily as Qingming comes, and passers-by with lowered spirits go.” In contrast to the sadness of the tomb-sweeping, people also enjoy hope of Spring on this day. The Qingming Festival is a time when the sun shines brightly, the trees and grass become green and nature is again lively. Since ancient times, people have followed the custom of Spring outing. At this time tourists are everywhere. Today, the Qingming Festival is a statutory public holiday in mainland China.七夕节“七夕节”， 农历七月七日，是一个充满浪漫色彩的传统节日，是庆祝牛郎和织女一年一度相会的日子。他们的爱情不被允许，因此他们被驱逐而分隔于银河两岸。每年的农历七月七日，喜鹊会来搭桥使这对情侣来相会。如今，一些传统的中国风俗仍在农村奉行，在城市却已经削弱。然而，牛郎和织女的传说已经深入人心。近些年来，尤其是城市的年轻人把它当作中国的情人节来庆祝。因此，花店、酒吧和商店的老板非常高兴，因为他们可以卖出更多的商品。七夕节 The Double Seventh Festival 浪漫色彩 romance牛郎 Niu Lang (Cowherd) 织女 Zhi n (Weaver Maid)一年一度 annual 驱逐 banish银河 the Milky Way 喜鹊 magpie使相会 reunite 奉行 observe削弱 weaken 情人节 Valentines Day商品 commodityThe Double Seventh Festival, on the 7th day of the 7th lunar month, is a traditional festival full of romance. It celebrates the annual meeting of Niu Lang (Cowherd) and Zhi n (Weaver Maid). Their love was not allowed, and thus they were banished to opposite sides of the Milky Way. Once a year, on the 7th day of the 7th lunar month, a flock of magpies would form a bridge to reunite the lovers for one day. Today some traditional customs are still observed in rural areas of China, but have been weakened in urban cities. However, the legend of the Cowhand and Weaver Maid has taken root in the hearts of people. In recent years, in particular, urban youths have celebrated it as Valentines Day in China. As a result, owners of flower shops, bars and stores are full of joy as they can sell more commodities.元宵节每年农历的正月十五日，迎来的是中国的传统节日元宵节。元宵节主要的活动就是看灯。汉朝时期，佛教盛行。明帝听说佛教有正月十五日僧人观佛舍利点灯敬佛的做法，就命令这一天夜晚在皇宫和寺庙里点灯敬佛。以后这种佛教礼仪逐渐形成民间盛大的节日。各式各样美丽的花灯在这一天都会被悬挂,从而吸引了无数游客。猜灯谜也是元宵节的一项重要活动，花灯的主人会将谜面写在纸上，然后贴在灯笼上，将灯笼挂在门口。如果有人可以猜中，就能得到小小的礼物。看灯 watching lanterns 汉朝 the Han Dynasty佛教 Buddhism 明帝 Emperor Ming敬佛 worship Buddha 皇宫 imperial palace礼仪 ritual 盛大的 grand无数的 countless 猜灯谜 Guessing lantern riddles贴 pasteThe Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month. Watching lanterns is this days important activity. Throughout the Han Dynasty, Buddhism flourished in China. Emperor Ming heard that Buddhist monks would watch sarira and light lanterns to worship Buddha on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month. Therefore, he commanded to light lanterns in the imperial palace and temples to show respect to Buddha on this day. Later, the Buddhist ritual developed into a grand festival among common people. Lanterns of various shapes and sizes are hung in the streets, attracting countless visitors. Guessing lantern riddles is an essential part of the Festival. Lantern owners write riddles on pieces of paper and paste them on the lanterns. If visitors have got solutions to the riddles, they will obtain a little gift.方言最近，一些地方大学开始将方言列为某些学生的必修课程，学生们要学习当地方言，然后被评分以作为毕业的依据之一。一方面，支持此种做法的人认为，将方言列为必修课可防止其消失，从而使当地传统文化和文化多样性得以弘扬，同时城市独特的个性得以保留。另一方面，反对此种做法的人争论说，当地学生与外地学生相比有很多绝对优势，因此将方言列为必修课会引起教育不公平的问题。而且，将方言列为必修课程还会引起一些其他问题，如教材使用、师资问题和考试标准等。在我看来，方言作为传统文化不可缺少的一部分和一种交流工具，可以让学生自愿学习和使用，而不是强制完成。方言 dialect 必修课程 compulsory course依据 judging factor 支持 approve消失 extinguish 文化多样性 cultural diversity弘扬 enhance 个性 identity争论说 conten 绝对的 absolute引起 give rise to/bring forth 考试标准 examination standard不可缺少的 indispensable 自愿地 voluntarily学习 acquireRecently, it has been practiced by some local universities that dialect is made a compulsory course for some students, under which students are subject to learning the local dialect and then graded as one of the judging factors for them to graduate. On the one hand, people approving the practice maintain that it will help to prevent the dialect from extinguishing so that the local traditional culture and the cultural diversity can be enhanced, and the unique urban identity can be preserved simultaneously. On the other hand, people in opposition to the practice contend that it will give rise to the appearance of educational inequality, for the local students will enjoy absolute advantages over those from other places. Moreover, the inclusion of dialect in compulsory courses will bring forth other problems like teaching material, teachers and examination standards. As far as I am concerned, dialects, as an indispensable part of local traditional culture as well as a tool for communication, can be acquired and used voluntarily, not compulsorily.长江长江是中国最长的河流，也是世界第三长河，仅次于非洲的尼罗河和拉丁美洲的亚马逊河。长江总长度约为6 300米，发源于青海省，向东流入东海。长江流域是中国重要的农作物产区，粮、棉产量分别占全国总量的40%和30%。长江三峡大坝是世界上最大的水利枢纽工程之一，为通航、发电和运输带来了很大的便利。长江 the Yangtze River/Chang Jiang 尼罗河 the Nile亚马逊河 the Amazon 向东 eastward东海 East China Sea 长江流域 the Yangtze River valley农作物产区 agricultural base 产量 output分别 respectively 长江三峡大坝 the Three Gorge Dam水利枢纽工程 water control project 为带来便利 benefit通航 navigation 发电 generate electricityThe Yangtze River or Chang Jiang is the longest river in China and the third longest in the world, after the Nile in Africa and the Amazon in South America. The river is about 6 300 km long and flows from its source in Qinghai Province, eastward into the East China Sea. The Yangtze River valley has always been an important agricultural base in China. Grain and cotton outputs make up 40 percent and 30 percent of Chinas total respectively. As one of the largest water control project in the world, the Three Gorge Dam benefits for navigation, generating electricity and transportation.泰山泰山称东岳，以“五岳独尊”的盛名享誉古今。按照“五行学说”，东方属木，主生发，有生命之源、万物之本的含义。这就是古代帝王通常在自己登基或晚年时到泰山封禅祭拜的原因。泰山拔地通天，气势磅礴，汉语又有“稳如泰山”、“重于泰山”之说。1987年，联合国教科文组织将泰山列为世界自然与文化遗产。泰山 Mount Tai 东岳 East Yue五岳独尊 the most important mountain of the Five Holy Mountains享誉 have a great reputation 五行学说 the theory of five elements生发 liveliness 登基 be crowned 生命之源、万物之本 a place where nature regulated and adjusted its procedures封禅祭拜 make pilgrimages to 稳如泰山 as firm as Mount Tai重于泰山 as weighty as Mount Tai 登基 be crowned宣布 proclaimMount Tai, called “East Yue”, has a great reputation for the most important mountain of the Five Holy Mountains. According to the theory of five elements, the East belongs to mu, which means liveliness. Therefore, the East is a place where nature regulated and adjusted its procedures. This explains why important emperors made pilgrimages mostly to Mount Tai when they were crowned or in their later years. It is a symbol of loftiness and might, hence, there are the Chinese idioms: “as firm as Mount Tai” and “as weighty as Mount Tai”. Mount Tai was proclaimed world natural and cultural heritage by UNESCO in 1987.赵州桥赵州桥坐落在洨河上，距离赵县南部约2.5公里。这座桥是在公元605年至公元616年建造的。赵州桥是由中国著名的匠师李春设计的，是用石头建造的，长50.82米，宽10米，还有一个不可思议的弧形桥洞，高7.23米，跨度为37.35米。桥上的石头栏杆和柱子上雕刻着美丽的龙凤图案。这座桥是一座空腹式的圆弧形石拱桥，两边有两个小拱，这是中国最早的拱桥之一，在中国桥梁建筑史上占有重要的地位，让游客和工程师们都很感兴趣。赵州桥 Zhaozhou Bridge 洨河 Jiao River建造 construct 匠师 mason不可思议的 unusual 弧形桥洞 arch跨度 span 栏杆 railing柱子 column 龙凤 dragon and phoenix空腹式的 open-spandrel 占有 occupyZhaozhou Bridge was built on the Jiao River about 2.5 kilometers away from the south of Zhaoxian county. The bridge was constructed in AD 605-616. Designed by a well-known Chinese mason, Li Chun, its made of stone, 50.82 meters long and 10 meters wide, with an unusual arch that is 7.23 meters high with a span of 37.35 meters. The stone railing and columns on the bridge were carved with beautiful dragon and phoenix designs. One of the earliest Chinese arch bridges with a long open-spandrel arch in the middle and two small arches on each side, this bridge occupies an important place in the history of Chinese bridge building and has been of interest to tourists and engineers alike.公园免费开放长久以来，人们一直对市区公园是否应该收门票的话题争论不休。一些人认为市区公园是用纳税人的钱建立起来的，是供人们休闲、娱乐的公共场所，因此应该是免费的。另一方面，还有一些人称，考虑到中国人口众多，公民责任意识淡薄的情况，一旦免费开放市区公园，这些公园会管理不善，将不可避免地受到损坏。综合考虑两种观点，我较认同后者。可以确定的是市区公园免费开放要与经济发展情况相适应，因为这需要财政的支持。因此，以中国现有的经济水平，免费开放市区公园的目标要逐步实现。市区公园 urban park 门票 entrance fee纳税人 taxpayer 休闲 leisure娱乐 entertainment 公共场所 public establishment考虑到 considering 公民责任意识淡薄 lack of a sense of civic duty较认同 be inclined to 与相适应 proceed with财政的 financial 逐步 step by stepThe question whether urban parks should charge an entrance fee or not has been a source of controversy for a long time. On the one hand, some people claim that urban parks, supposed to be places where people have leisure and entertainment, are public establishments that have been created with taxpayers money and thus should be free. On the other hand, some others maintain that, considering Chinas large population and lack of a sense of civic duty, once the parks are free of charge, they will not be properly managed and will inevitably be damaged. When considering opinions of both sides, I am inclined to the latter view. Its certain that free entry to