轮机英语题库 3873 a-z.doc

第一章 船舶动力装置1. “Stand by an engine” means _A “prepare to stop the engine” B “assemble an engine on its bedplate” C “make an engine ready for starting” D “dismantle an engine” 2. A _ is the foundation of the engine, without the support of which the shaft alignment in particular, and engine structure as a whole, would inevitably be lostA Frame B Bedplate C Cylinder D Liner 3. _ are commonly used in mechanical-hydraulic governor to sense engine speedsA Bulbs B Bulks C Flyweights D Flywheels 4. _ are generally formed in the frame of the both in-line and Vee engines to give maintenance access to the crankshaft main and connecting rod large end bearingA Doors B Aspirate gauzer C Coupling D Blind 5. _ device is provided to prevent starting air from being admitted to the cylinder before the reversing is completedA An automatic B A transmission C A self-regulating D An interlocking 6. _ is the removal of exhaust gases by blowing in fresh airA Gas exchange B Charging C Scavenging D Supercharging 7. _ is used for cylinder and cylinder head, the salt water is used for cooling the lubricating oil, the fresh water in the coolers and the charging air in the air coolerA The fuel oil B The lube oil C The sea water D The fresh water 8. _ may be the first possible cause which makes the engine to lose power or slow down when it is runningA Hot bearing B Starting valves C Unequal distribution of load D Excessive crankshaft clearance 9. _ of an engine crankshaft can be detected by measuring deflections of crank webs for each unit of the engineA Misalignment B Length C Strength D Stresses 10. _ of the A-frames there is a strong cast iron frame called the scavenging air boxA At the top B At the bottom C In the top D In the bottom 11. _ pistons have low inertia and high coefficient of thermal expansionA Cast iron B Cast steel C Forged steel D Aluminum 12. _ should not undertake any task which will interfere with the supervision duties relating to the main machinery and associated equipmentA The watch keeping personnel B The chief engineer C The person on a bunker barge D Any of the above 13. _ the cylinder will contain a great weight of air and will be capable of burning a great quantity of fuelA At the beginning of the compression stroke B At the beginning of the suction stroke C At the end of the working stroke D At the end of the exhaust stroke 14. _ the supercharge pressure is, _ power an engine developsA The higher/the more B Higher/more C Higher/little D The higher/the less 15. _ is not properly set thus causing either advanced or retarded firingA A piston B A fuel injection pump C A feed water pump D A lube oil pump 16. _ rods are not in proper condition so that too much fuel is supplied to the corresponding cylinderA Piston B Sounding C Regulating D Connecting 17. _ shows 1.2 meter and the specific gravity of the oil is 0.96 According to the measuring scale, that makes 150 tonsA The piston rod B The push rod C The sounding rod D The connecting rod 18. _ allows for expansion and water make up in the water cooling systemA A top tank B A head tank C A head valve D A drain tank 19. _ at the end of the distribution pipe ensures that adequate pressure is maintained by the pumpA A relief valve B An alarm C A pressure gauge D A non-maim valve 20. _ is used for washing and drinkingA The ballast system B The salt water system C The bilge system D The domestic system 21. _ provide the water to the pistonsA Pneumatic pipes B Hydraulic pipes C Telescopic pipes D Operating gas pipes 22. _ are fitted in the exhaust system and facilitate charge removal and scavenging in each cylinderA Diffusers B Compressors C Steam boilers D Soot blowers 23. _ are formed by abrasive particles entering the bearing and scoring the shaftA Grooves B Recesses C Ridges D Nips 24. _ are mounted on and bolted to the bed-plate cross girdersA The crankshaft B The crankcase C The guide-ways D The frames 25. _ is a precaution which contributes to avoiding trouble under normal operating conditionsA Constant inspection B Keeping constant load C Remaining constant temperature D varying speed 26. _ is a source of power by which the diesel engine may operateA Water energy B Electrical energy C Chemical energy D Heat energy 27. _ is arranged for cleaning the lubricating oil in the system and clean oil can be provided from a storage tankA A filter B A centrifuge C A distiller D A generator 28. _ is fully floating in both connecting rod small end and the piston skirtA The piston rod B The cross head pin C The gudgeon pin D The crank-pin 29. _ is made of a boss with separated blades mounted into itA A variable pitch propeller B A variable pitch nut C A fixed pitch parallel D A fixed pitch screw 30. _ is usually driven by the engine camshaft and supplies pilot air to the cylinder air start valveA An air receiver B An operating valve C An automatic valve D An air distributor 31. _ neutralizes the acid conditions and_ cleanses the rings and groovesA The detergency/the alkalinity B The alkalinity/the detergency C The inhabitant/the water D The additives/the distilled water 32. _ or air venting arrangement is fitted to the fuel supply passageA An air pump B A compressor C A fuel pump D A priming 33. _ providing lubricating films, oil used in marine diesel engines have to remove heat from oil cooled pistonA Except for B Beside C Except D In addition to 34. _ the engines, the diesel engine is_ used engine on boardA Between/more commonly B Among/the most commonly C Between/not more commonly D Among/not the most commonly 35. _ water is more expensive than fresh water, It has high specific heat and low viscosityA Distilled 蒸馏 B Distilling C Boiling D Boiled 36. _ for the camshaft gear train is taken from a spur gear which for a six cylinder engine is at the coupling endA The driven gear B The drive C The grease D The lubricating oil 37. _ in what position the engine stops there will always be at least one of the cylinders with its starting air valve open to admit compressed air to start the engineA Because B Owing to C For D No matter 38. _ is secured by means of side-chock bolts and end-chock boltsA The bedplate B The column C The main bearing D The double bottom 39. _ usually helps to induce air movement to assist combustionA Cylinder cover B Main bearing C The exhaust valve D The piston movement 40. _ may have two emergency source of power, thus requiring two emergency switchboardsA Large passenger vessels B General cargo ships C Container ships D Oil tankers 41. _ supplies pilot air to control the cylinder air start valvesA An air compressor B An indicator cock C An air distributor D A safety valve 42. _ clearances in the main or crank pin bearings will sometimes be indicated by loss of pressure in the lubricating system before any bearing knock is heardA Too larger B Too smaller C Excess D Excessive 43. A cast steel strong back is fitted in way of the combustion space to help absorb _A flame temperature B fuel oil C air movement D gas forces 44. A charge of fresh air is drawn into the engine cylinder and then _ by the moving piston_ very high pressureA pressed/to B pressurized/with C pushed/in D compressed/to 45. A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no _A cross-head B cylinder C connecting rod D spark plug 46. A diesel engines crankcase oil level is found to be too high, You should suspect that _A the engine was over filled B there might be a fuel leak C there might be a water leak D all of the above 47. A distance piece, with ground faces, known as a compression plate, may be interposed between the rod and the beating housing, its thickness being chosen to ensure the correct _A compression pressure B compression test C compression ratio D compression clearance 48. A distance piece, with ground faces, may be interposed between the rod and the bearing housing, its thickness being chosen to ensure the correct _A expansion ratio B pressure ratio C compression ratio D clearance ratio 49. A gudgeon pin in a trunk piston may be free to float and rotate, with _ to limit axial movementA split pins B crankpins C dipsticks D circlips 开口卡簧 50. A heater in the circuit facilitates warming of the engine prior to _ by circulating hot waterA starting B stopping C to start D to stop 51. A high temperature alarm or _ which will melt is used to guard against the explosion of compressor air pipelinesA a flame trap B a relief valve C a fusible plug D a bursting cap 52. A level gauge for a tank is to _A give the pressure B give the contents C give the shape of the tank D give the accuracy level 53. A lubricant often has to perform many duties in any situation, in addition to its fundamental job of_A resisting oxidization B reducing friction 减少摩擦 C promoting moving speed D developing inertia 54. A main bearing consists of two shells which are secured by means of studs and _A tie rods B through bolts C lead wires D bearing caps 55. A number of cylinder liners are enclosed in one cast iron casing to form a _A cylinder cover B cylinder block C cylinder frame D bed-plate 56. A reduction in load on a diesel engine results in _ of speed of the crankshaftA a reduction B an increase 增加 C an outing D a downwards 57. A separate piston cooling system is used _ any contamination from piston cooling glands to the piston cooling system onlyA to help B to limit 限制 C to protect D to remove 58. A separate piston cooling system is used to limit any contamination _ piston cooling glands_ the piston cooling system onlyA between, to B either, or C from, to D neither, nor 59. A variable pitch propeller is made _ a boss with separate blades mounted into itA of B up of C from D out 60. A: Please tell me the specifications and quantityB: _A Pump diesel oil first B 300 tons of 180 cst fuel oil C The figure is all right D OK, Ill sign it 61. About half an hour before the engine is required, cooling water at _ must be circulatedA more than the working temperature B less than the working temperature C the working temperature D the same as the surrounding temperature 62. According to the way the energy of the exhaust gases is utilized, pressure-charging can be divided into two main systems, namely, the constant-pressure system and _A the pulse-phase system B the pulse Doppler system C the pulse system D the pulse interval 63. Acid solution_ in the system can be tested from time to time by putting some on to a piece of limeA strength 浓度 B dense C percentage D velocity 64. Additives _ protective layers on metal surfaces guarding them against corrosionA damage B form C dissolve D contaminate 65. Administrations should bear in mind the significance of _ in maintaining safety of life and property at sea and in preventing marine pollutionA advanced nautical equipment B advanced performance main engines C emergency equipment D communication and language skills 66. After ensuring that the _ is correct the bearing clearance should be checkedA nap B gap C nip D deflection 67. After fitting back in place the gear wheels, dont forget _ themA to grease 涂油 B greasing C oiling D lubricating 68. After passing through the turbine the exhaust gas is conducted out into the _A intercooler B compressor C cylinder D open air 69. After the engine is warned, we should_ the turning gear before starting up the engineA take in B put in C take out D put up 70. All the rings are slightly rounded on their external top and bottom edges to keep the oil film on the cylinder liner during _ for new piston ringsA the running-in period 磨合期 B the running process C gas exchange process D the boiler firing 71. All three systems have the ports _ to swirl the incoming air and direct it in the appropriate pathA angled B rounded C being angled D being rounded 72. Although the crankshafts of medium diesel engines appear to be robust, they rely on the support of _ to develop their full strengthA the piston rods B the crank throws C the thrust bearings D the main bearings 73. Aluminum pistons have _ coefficient of thermal expansion compared with those of cast ironA higher B lower C the same D none of the above 74. An increase in load on a diesel engine results in _ of speed of the crankshaftA a reduction 减少 B an increase C an outing D a downwards 75. An interlock in the remote operating valve line stops the valve _ when the engine turning gear is engagedA to open B opening C open D opened 76. An overspeed safety device is usually fitted to a generator engine for _ in the event of overspeedA cutting power off the engine B increasing the fuel pump setting C braking the crankshaft D stabilizing the ship speed 77. As a heat engine, _ energy is the source of power by which the diesel engine can be operatedA electric B heat C mechanical D exhaust 78. As for a diesel engine, lack of combustion air may be due to _A fouling turbine 涡轮故障 B fuel pump faults C lubrication failure D excessive cooling 79. As the plunger moves up, the ports are closed and the fuel _ and delivered to the injector nozzle at very high pressureA being compressed B to be pumped up C is pressurized D are built up 80. Be sure to make the engine turn by _ before starting and after stoppingA steering gear B turning gear C steering wheel D turning cycle 81. Bearing knocks are likely to occur from _A less clearance B dirty lube oil C overload D bearing wear 82. Before stand-by is rung on the engine telegraph, it is usual to give the main engine _ ahead and asternA a brief trial with turning gear B a brief trial on power C a long trial by steering gear D one minutes trial with windlass 83. Before pumping up the crankcase oil, _ should be worked by hand to minimize corrosive action on the linersA the indicators B the starting valves C the cylinder lubricators D the turning gear 84. Before replacing a piston you should check that all rings are _A free 自由B fastened C broken D stuck 85. Before replacing a piston you should check the rings to see that all clearances and gaps are _ the permissible tolerancesA above B at C over D within 86. Before replacing a piston you should check the rings to see that all clearances and gaps are within the permissible _A deflection B discrepancy C error D tolerance 误差 87. Before starting the engine the air bottle should be _A pumped up B loaded C discharged D opened 88. Blow-off of the relief valves of the engines cylinders may be caused by _A too low lead B water in fuel C too tight spring D leakage 泄漏89. Blow-off of the relief valves of the main cylinders during operation indicates _A the cylinder cover is cracked B the injector holes is clogged C the cams are not properly set D fuel pump is leaking 90. Bridge gauge can be used to measure _ of a diesel engineA diameters of journals 轴颈直径 B deflections of crankwebs C diameters of crankpins D none of the above 91. Care and cleanliness are required when installing diesel fuel filters _A to prevent the fuel system from becoming air-hound B to prevent the fuel system becoming clogged with dirty particles C both of the above D to prevent the lubricating oil from leaking out of the filter element 92. Cast iron carrier rings, _ machined grooves, are provided for all the pistonsA caulked into B caulking into C pressed into D screwed into 93. Charging is the filling of the engine cylinder with a supply or charge of fresh air _ compressionA to need B ready for 准备就绪 C want to D going to be 94. Charging-air pressure increases if there is incorrect combustion and drop in the _ of the diesel engineA machine efficiency B machinery efficiency C mechanical efficiency 机械效率 D mechanics efficiency 95. Constant cooling the various components of diesel engine has a number of functions except for _A good lubrication B low thermal stress C good mechanical properties D acid corrosion 酸腐蚀 96. Cooling enables the engine metals _ their mechanical propertiesA to retain 保留 B to remain C to maintenance D to have 97. Cooling of engines is achieved by _ a cooling liquid