第二次专八辅导资料.doc

Education and knowledge1997Sowing the seeds, nurturing growth and harvesting the rewards2000Education as a lifelong process2008What I have learned from my years at university参考范文题目一 学术文化篇多次参加四、六级考试语言的灭绝大学生是否应当学习自己专业领域外的课程汉语的广泛使用大学生对于因特网的沉迷外语学习有必要吗游戏上瘾为什么学习英语不同观点是否会阻碍学习英文小说和电影学习无用论学术造假小留学生素质教育篇一路绿灯孩子们的负担大学教育的目标减轻学生的负担大学专业应该偏重实用型吗儿童应该在年幼时学习外语吗？合格的学生读书Providing Physical Exercises Should Not Be The Schools Responsibility?Children Should Begin Their Formal Schooling at an Early AgeShould Household Chores Be Required as Part of the Daily Routine of School Children?Social Activities-a Necessary Complement to College LifeIs Originality Important in Language LearningSending Teenagers to Study Abroad: Good or Bad?Early Childhood EducationIn Support Of Disabled Students Access To Higher EducationPsychological Education in Schoolsto cultivate the ability to analyze and solve concrete problems independently专任教师 full-time teacher 启发学生独立思考的能力 to foster the students ability to study on their own普及教育 universal education发挥学生主动性、创造性 to give scope to the students initiative and creativeness师范学院 teachers college自学成才 to become educated through independent study 启发式 elicitation method (of teaching); heuristic method 填鸭式教学法 cramming/forced-feeding method of teaching远程教育 tele-education义务教育 compulsory education; free education 国家教育委员会 State Education Commission 高等学校 institution of higher education 综合性大学 comprehensive university 学分制 the credit system文科大学 university of liberal arts 文科院校 colleges of art师范大学 normal university; teachers university理工科大学 college/university of science and engineering 三学期制 the trimester system教书育人 to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge双学士制 a double BA degree system国家教委主任 Chairman of the State Education Commission副教授 associate professor德才兼备 to combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability专职教师 full-time teacher重点大学 key university 授予（学士）confer 被授权 be authorized to do辍学dropout成绩单transcript办学效益 efficiency in school management 协调发展 coordinated and balanced program of development 教育投入 input in education 优化教师队伍 optimize the teaching staff母校Alma Mater 人才流失brain drain客座教授 visiting professor; guest professor 讲师 lecturer 助教 assistant教学大纲 syllabus兼职教师 part-time teacher 辅导员 assistant for political and ideological work教学组 teaching group 教研室/组 teaching and research section/group 教员休息室 staff room; common room 母校 Alma Mater 校友 alumnus; alumna 学生会 students union/association走读生 day student; non-resident student 高年级学生 upper/higher grade pupil/student; pupil/student in senior grades住宿生 boarder 低年级学生 lower grade pupil/student; pupil/student in junior grades旁听生 auditor教学内容 content of courses 研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student) 应届毕业生 graduating student/pupil; this years graduates 听课 to visit a class; to sit in on a class; to attend a lecture 公开课 open class 课程 course; curriculum 必修课 required/compulsory course 选修课 elective/optional course 基础课 basic course 专业课 specialized course 课程表 school timetable 课外活动 extracurricular activities 课外辅导 instruction after class 课外阅读 outside reading 课堂讨论 class discussion （大学的）研究小组；讨论会 seminar 教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus 年限 period of schooling 学历 record of formal schooling 学年 school/academic year 学期 (school)term; semester 学分 credit 分数 mark; grade 五分制 the 5-grade marking system 百分制 100-mark system毕业论文 thesis; dissertation 学习成绩 academic record; school record 成绩单 school report; report card; transcript 毕业实习 graduation field work 毕业设计 graduation ceremony 毕业典礼 graduation ceremony; commencement 毕业证书 diploma; graduation certificate 毕业鉴定 graduation appraisal 授予某人学位 to confer a degree on sb. 升级 to be promoted to a higher grade 留级 to repeat the years work; to stay down补考 make-up examination奖学金 scholarship 升学t o go to a school of a higher grade; to enter a higher school （国家）助学金 (state)stipend/subsidy升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade领取助学金的学生 a grant-aided student 学费 tuition (fee) 伙食费 board expenses 伙食补助 food allowance人才 talented person精英 elite本科生 undergraduate毕业生 graduate研究生 postgraduate博士 doctor博士学位 doctorate博士后 postdoctoral证书 diploma，credential塑造性格 shape(mold) childrens characters培养孩子的协作精神 foster children使天生的想象力得到训练 have ones innate powers of imagination trained有助于个性的发展 facilitate the development of individuality接受必要的教育 receive adequate education在较好的环境中长大 grow up under more favorable circumstances受过良好教育 well -educated适应性强 well-adapted取长补短 learn from each other s strengths to offset their own weaknesses智商IQ (intelligence quotient)充分发挥 bring into full play have a wide range of skills发挥创造潜能 use ones creative potential; add to our knowledge about教学大纲 syllabus设施齐全 (kindergarten)well-equipped facilities素质教育 quality-oriented education高等教育 “211”工程the “211 Project” for higher education成为有理想，有道德，有文化，守纪律的劳动者 to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, education and a sense of discipline 教育要面向现代化，面向世界，面向未来 Gear education to the needs of modernization, the world and the future 教育方针 guideline(s)/guiding principle(s) for education 教育必须为社会主义现代化服务，必须同生产劳动相结合，培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。 Education must serve the needs of socialist modernization, be integrated with productive labor, and train builders and successors who are well developed morally, intellectual and physically. 适应社会主义现代化建设需要，面向二十一世纪，具有中国特色的社会主义教育体系。 a socialist education system with distinct Chinese characteristics that meets the needs of socialist modernization and is oriented to the 21st century 教育方面的名人名言Education is a progressive discovery of our own ignorance. -W.Durant教育是一个逐步发现自己无知的过程。 -W.杜兰特Learning is an ornament in prosperity, a refuge in adversity, and a provision in old age. Aristotle 学问在成功时是装饰品，在失意时是庇护所，在年老时是供应品。 亚里士多德In education we are striving not to teach youth to make a living, but to make a life. -W.A.White教育不是为了教会青年人谋生，而是教会他们创造生活。 -W.A.怀特Give a man a fish and he will eat for a day. Teach a man to fish and he will eat for the rest of his life. -Chinese Proverb授人以鱼，不如授人以渔。 -中国谚语With talent, you do what you like. With genius, you do what you can. -Jean Ingres有才能的人，做自己喜爱的事；有天赋的人，做自己能做的事。 -简安格尔Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. -Bacon一些书可以浅尝即止；一些书可以狼吞虎咽；而有些书则需要细嚼慢咽，好好消化。 -培根The three foundations of learning; seeing much, suffering much, and studying much. -Catherall求学的三个基本条件是：多观察，多吃苦，多研究。 -加塞罗尔Books are the bees which carry the quickening pollen from one to another mind. -James Lowell书籍是蜜蜂，将花粉从一个头脑传到另一个头脑。 -詹姆斯罗尼尔Education is that which remains when one has forgotten everything he learned in school. -Einstein教育是在学校所学知识遗忘后剩下的东西。 -爱因斯坦Hold what you really know and tell what you do not know this will lead to knowledge. -Confucius知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。 -孔子Learning is like rowing upstream, not to advance is to drop back. -Chinese Proverb学如逆水行舟，不进则退。 -中国谚语Learning without thought is labor lost; thought without learning is perilous. -Confucius学而不思则惘，思而不学则怠。-孔子The roots of education are bitter, but the fruit is sweet. -Aristotle教育的根是苦涩的，但其果实是香甜的。 -亚里士多德My life is limited while knowledge is limitless. -Chuang-tze吾生也有涯，而知也无涯。 -庄子Reading is to the mind what exercise it to the body. -Richard Steele读书之于心灵，犹如运动之于身体。 -理查德蒂尔Students of ancient times all had their teachers. For a teacher is a man who transmits the way, imparts learning, and dispels doubts. No man is born with knowledge, and then, how can a man be free from doubts? If a man has doubts and does not learn from a teacher, his doubts can never be solved. -Han yu古之学者必有师。师者所以传道授业解惑也。人非生而知之者，熟能无惑？惑者不从师。其为惑也终不解矣。 -韩愈The more a man learns, the more he knows his ignorance. -The Book of Rites学然后知不足。 -礼记What is important to a students achievement is that he can make gradual progress increasingly and orderly.-Liang Chi-chao学问之功，贵乎循序渐进，经久不息。 -梁启超There are two motives for reading a book: one that you enjoy it; the other that you can boast about it.-Bertrand Russell读书有两种动机：一是从中获得乐趣；另一种则是可以向人夸耀。 -罗素TEM 8 1997 Some people hold the view that a students success in university study follows the pattern as that of farming, which is characterized by sowing the seeds, nurturing growth and harvesting the rewards process. Write an essay of about 300 words on the topic given below to support this view with your own experience as a university student.SOWING THE SEEDS , NURTURING GROWTH AND HARVESTING THE REWARDS1997 Sowing the seeds, Nurturing Growth and Harvesting the Rewards Some people hold the view that a students success in university study follows the same pattern as that of farming, which is characterized by the process of sowing the seeds, nurturing growth and harvesting the reward. As far as my own experience as a student is concerned, I fully agree to this view. To begin with, just as the farmers need to sow the seeds in the soil, so the students need to absorb knowledge into their mind. A stingy farmer who spares the process of sowing will find no crop grow in his field. Likewise, a university students refusal to Knowledge input will result in ignorance. Successful students, however, act in the opposite way. They always listen attentively to the teacher in class. They always read extensively outside class. They never sleep in class. They never idle away their time for nothing. Moreover, whereas the growth of crops nurturing, the mastery of knowledge also requires reinforcement. A lazy farmer often neglects fertilizing the soil, only to find his crops in poor conditions and finally have a bad year. Similarly, a sluggish student also fails because he does not bother to consolidate what he acquires in class. In fact, learning does not happen once and for all. This has been proved by the experiences of those successful university students. They review their lessons constantly. They never hesitate to ask the teachers for solutions to their puzzles. They also do a lot of reading related to what they learn in class. Thus they have a better command of knowledge than those who do not take the trouble. As a consequence, the industrious students generally have a greater prospect of success. University study is also analogous to farming in that the more work you do, the greater reward you get. A hardworking farmer who has sowed the seeds and nurtured the plants will finally have a bountiful harvest. Equally, a diligent student who has had an immense intake of knowledge and made it his own will succeed in almost every way. No doubt, he will easily pass all exams. He will beat his opponents with ease in all kinds of knowledge contests. With abundant and profound knowledge he will have no trouble finding an ideal job when he graduates. All this is but a natural result from the efforts he has made. To sum up, the course of successful university study is similar to that of fruitful farming. Just as the saying goes, no pains, no pains. The farmers need to labor all the way for a good harvest. As university students, we also need to work hard throughout our university life.Sowing the Seeds, Nurturing Growth & Harvesting the RewardsAs the title suggests:“Rewards can only be achieved by arduous efforts in sowing the seeds and painstakingly nurturing growth of the seedlings”, no gain will be attained if no pain is endured. This is a universally acknowledged truth as for farming. But the same goes with the study in university: By attending lectures listening to teachers intently and taking notes, we sow the seeds of knowledge into our minds; by reviewing the notes and turning over what the teachers has taught in our minds and doing after-class assignments as required, we nurture the growth of our knowledge; and by using the knowledge weve accumulated to pass an exam, win credits or certificates and applying them in work after graduation, we get a bumper harvest brought by our knowledge. As the first and most critical phase of learning, sowing the seeds of knowledge should be given greatest emphasis. Since classes and lectures are the major channels through which we gain knowledge, we should attend them punctually and refrain from playing truants. While the teacher is imparting the invaluable knowledge, we must listen carefully and take notes on important points. A common saying goes, listening carefully in class will help you better than studying on your own after class triple the time, so we should cherish each and every minute in class and grasp as much knowledge as we can. Secondl