2013年 广州市中考各科试题与答案.pdf

1 最新版最新版 20142014 中考备考必备资料 中考备考必备资料 2013 年广州市中考年广州市中考 各科试题及答案各科试题及答案 汇汇 编编 大海教育初中部汇编 大海教育初中部汇编 2 序序言言 为了给广大升初三的同学们节省宝贵的学习时为了给广大升初三的同学们节省宝贵的学习时 间间 我们大海教育中心初中部组织汇编了这本备考资我们大海教育中心初中部组织汇编了这本备考资 料料 这本资料是这本资料是参加参加 2014 年中考的同学们所必备的年中考的同学们所必备的 因为任何模拟试题的价值都无法与真题相比拟因为任何模拟试题的价值都无法与真题相比拟 真题真题 具有极大的参考价值具有极大的参考价值 它能最准确地传递出中考的考它能最准确地传递出中考的考 点 重点 试题难度 试题类型及其他信息 点 重点 试题难度 试题类型及其他信息 中考的竞争是相当激烈的中考的竞争是相当激烈的 名校的分数线也是非名校的分数线也是非 优秀学生能够企及的 例如优秀学生能够企及的 例如 2013 年华南师大附中的年华南师大附中的 分数线已达到了分数线已达到了 728 分之高分之高 这就等同于要求考生的这就等同于要求考生的 得分率达到得分率达到 97 那么如何应对中考那么如何应对中考 如何战胜众多如何战胜众多 的竞争对手 使自己脱颖而出 独占鳌头呢 的竞争对手 使自己脱颖而出 独占鳌头呢 有相当一部分同学尤其是平时没有认真学习的有相当一部分同学尤其是平时没有认真学习的 同学认为只要自己肯努力同学认为只要自己肯努力 就可以取得好成绩就可以取得好成绩 这个这个 说法确有道理说法确有道理 但事实是但事实是 到了初三到了初三 大部分同学都大部分同学都 很努力很努力 但但有很多同学是努力却没讨好有很多同学是努力却没讨好 成绩依然平成绩依然平 平平 原因在于原因在于 勤奋并不必然等于成功勤奋并不必然等于成功 只有努力还只有努力还 是不够的是不够的 努力只是夺取高分的一个因素努力只是夺取高分的一个因素 除了这个除了这个 还有还有很多其他的因素也会直接或间接地影响你得高很多其他的因素也会直接或间接地影响你得高 分分 比如比如 学习和休息学习和休息 生活的统筹安排情况生活的统筹安排情况 是否是否 尊重了用脑规律 是否有最适合自己的学习方法尊重了用脑规律 是否有最适合自己的学习方法 自自 3 己的学习效率是否很高等等 己的学习效率是否很高等等 那么自己能否悟出这些来 有极少数同学可能那么自己能否悟出这些来 有极少数同学可能 能做到能做到 但绝大多数同学是难以做到的但绝大多数同学是难以做到的 这就需要同这就需要同 学们接受高水平老师的高明的学们接受高水平老师的高明的 负责任的指点负责任的指点 在老在老 师的引导下科学地安排初三的学习 休息和生活师的引导下科学地安排初三的学习 休息和生活 甚甚 至是科学地填报志愿至是科学地填报志愿 少走或不走弯路少走或不走弯路 方可事半功方可事半功 倍倍 在学习时间和别的同学相同甚至少于其他同学的在学习时间和别的同学相同甚至少于其他同学的 情况下情况下 取得更高的成绩取得更高的成绩 夺取名校录取资格夺取名校录取资格 为升为升 入或保持在社会上层创造条件入或保持在社会上层创造条件 为自己和家庭的美好为自己和家庭的美好 未来开辟绿色通道 未来开辟绿色通道 初三是关键的一年初三是关键的一年 这一年的结果其实在中考前这一年的结果其实在中考前 很早就可以大致预测到很早就可以大致预测到 这就看你能否深刻理解并践这就看你能否深刻理解并践 行下面这个公式 行下面这个公式 勤奋勤奋 方法方法 毅力毅力 成功成功 方法方法 包含安排学习包含安排学习 休息休息 生活等活动的方法和各生活等活动的方法和各 科具体的学习方法 科具体的学习方法 因此 建议同学们如果经济条件还允许的话因此 建议同学们如果经济条件还允许的话 就就 报一所培训机构报一所培训机构 这个机构不一定大这个机构不一定大 但需要真的为但需要真的为 同学负责任同学负责任 真的能为你提供高水平的学科知识的辅真的能为你提供高水平的学科知识的辅 导 真的能为你的初三全年进行科学地规划安排导 真的能为你的初三全年进行科学地规划安排 使使 你不走弯路你不走弯路 确保高效率学习确保高效率学习 最终摘得光荣的桂冠最终摘得光荣的桂冠 大海教育初中部 4 目目录录 序言 2 2013 年广州市中考数学试题 5 2013 年广州市中考英语试题 10 2013 年广州市中考语文试题 18 2013 年广州市中考物理试题 33 2013 年广州市中考政治试题 40 2013 年广州市中考化学试题 47 2013 广州市中考数学参考答案 55 2013 年广州市中考英语笔试部分答案 57 2013 年广州市中考语文答案 59 2013 年广州市中考物理答案 70 2013 年广州市中考政治答案 76 2013 年广州市中考化学答案 80 后记 81 5 2013 年广州市初中毕业生学业考试年广州市初中毕业生学业考试 数学数学 本试卷共本试卷共 5 页 分页 分二二部分 共部分 共 25 小题 满分小题 满分 150 分 考试用时分 考试用时 120 分钟 分钟 注意事项 注意事项 1 答卷前 考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号 姓名 同时填写考场试室号 座位号 再用 2B 铅笔把对应这两号码的标号涂黑 2 选择题答案用 2B 铅笔填涂 将答题卡上选择题答题区中对应题目选项的答案信息 点涂黑 如需改动 用橡皮擦干净后 再选涂其他答案 答案不能答在试卷上 3 非选择题答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应 位置上 如需改动 先划掉原来的答案 然后再写上新的答案 改动后的答案也不能超出指 定的区域 不准使用铅笔 圆珠笔和涂改液 不按以上要求作答的答案无效 4 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁 考试结束后 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回 第一部分第一部分 选择题选择题 共 共 30 分 分 一 一 选择题 选择题 1 比 0 大的数是 A 1B 1 2 C0D1 2 图 1 所示的几何体的主视图是 3 在 6 6 方格中 将图 2 中的图形 N 平移后位置如图 2 所示 则图形 N 的平移方 法中 正确的是 A 向下移动 1 格B 向上移动 1 格 C 向上移动 2 格D 向下移动 2 格 4 计算 2 3 m n的结果是 6 A 6 m n B 62 m n C 52 m n D 32 m n 5 为了解中学生获取资讯的主要渠道 设置 A 报纸 B 电视 C 网络 D 身边的人 E 其他 五个选项 五项中 必选且只能选一项 的调查问卷 先随机抽取 50 名中学生进 行该问卷调查 根据调查的结果绘制条形图如图 3 该调查的 方式是 图 3 中的 a 的值是 A全面调查 26B 全面调查 24 C抽样调查 26D 全面调查 24 6 已知两数 x y 之和是 10 x 比 y 的 3 倍大 2 则下面所列方程组正确的是 A 10 32 xy yx B 10 32 xy yx C 10 32 xy xy D 10 32 xy xy 7 实数 a 在数轴上的位置如图 4 所示 则2 5a A2 5a B2 5a C2 5a D2 5a 8 若代数式 1 x x 有意义 则实数 x 的取值范围是 A1x B0 x C0 x D01xx 且 9 若5200k 则关于 x 的一元二次方程 2 40 xxk 的根的情况是 A 没有实数根B 有两个相等的实数根 C 有两个不相等的实数根D 无法判断 10 如 图 5 四 边 形 ABCD 是 梯 形 AD BC CA 是BCD 的 平 分 线 且 4 6 ABAC ABAD 则tan B A2 3B2 2C 11 4 D 5 5 4 第二部分第二部分 非选择题 共非选择题 共 120 分 分 二 填空题二 填空题 本大题共 6 小题 每小题 3 分 满分 18 分 11 点 P 在线段 AB 的垂直平分线上 PA 7 则 PB 12 广州某慈善机构全年共募集善款 5250000 元 将 5250000 用科学记数法表示为 13 分解因式 xyx2 14 一次函数 1 2 xmy若y随x的增大而增大 则m的取值范围是 7 15 如图 6 ABCRt 的斜边 AB 16 ABCRt 绕点 O 顺时针旋转后得 到CBARt 则CBARt 的斜边BA 上的中线D C 的长度为 16 如图 7 在平面直角坐标系中 点 O 为坐标原点 点 P 在 第一象限 P 与x轴交于 O A 两点 点 A 的坐标为 6 0 P 的半径为13 则点 P 的坐标为 三 解答题三 解答题 本大题共 9 小题 满分 102 分 解答应写出文字说明 证明过程或演算步骤 17 本小题满分 9 分 解方程 0910 2 xx 18 本小题满分 9 分 如图 8 四边形 ABCD 是菱形 对角线 AC 与 BD 相交于 O AB 5 AO 4 求 BD 的长 19 本小题满分 10 分 先化简 再求值 yx y yx x 22 其中 321 321 yx 20 本小题满分 10 分 已知四边形 ABCD 是平行四边形 如图 9 把 ABD 沿对 角线 BD 翻折 180 得到 A BD 1 利用尺规作出 A BD 要求保留作图痕迹 不写作 8 法 2 设 D A 与 BC 交于点 E 求证 BA E DCE 21 本小题满分 12 分 在某项针对 18 35 岁的青年人每天发微博数量的调查中 设一个人的 日均发微博条数 为 m 规定 当 m 10 时为 A 级 当 5 m 10 时为 B 级 当 0 m 5 时为 C 级 现随机抽 取 30 个符合年龄条件的青年人开展每人 日均发微博条数 的调查 所抽青年人的 日均 发微博条数 的数据如下 1110615916131208 2810176137573 1210711368141512 1 求样本数据中为A级的频率 2 试估计 1000 个 18 35 岁的青年人中 日均发微博条数 为 A 级的人数 3 从样本数据为C级的人中随机抽取 2 人 用列举法求抽得 2 个人的 日均发微博条 数 都是 3 的概率 22 本小题满分 12 分 如图 10 在东西方向的海岸线 MN 上有 A B 两艘船 均收到已触礁搁浅的船 P 的求救信 号 已知船 P 在船 A 的北偏东 58 方向 船 P 在船 B 的北偏西 35 方向 AP 的距离为 30 海里 1 求船P到海岸线 MN 的距离 精确到 0 1 海 里 2 若船 A 船 B 分别以 20 海里 小时 15 海里 小时的速度同时出发 匀速直线前往救援 试通过计算判断哪艘船先到达船 P 处 23 本小题满分 12 分 如图 11 在平面直角坐标系中 点 O 为坐标原点 正方形 OABC 的边 OA OC 分别在 x 轴 y 轴上 点 B 的坐标为 2 2 反 9 比例函数 k y x x 0 k 0 的图像经过线段 BC 的中点 D 1 求 k 的值 2 若点 P x y 在该反比例函数的图像上运动 不与点 D 重合 过点 P 作 PR y 轴于点 R 作 PQ BC 所在直线于点 Q 记四边形 CQPR 的面积为 S 求 S 关于 x 的解析式并写出 x 的 取值范围 24 本小题满分 14 分 已知 AB 是 O 的直径 AB 4 点 C 在线段 AB 的延长线上运动 点 D 在 O 上运动 不 与点 B 重合 连接 CD 且 CD OA 1 当 OC 2 2时 如图 12 求证 CD 是 O 的切线 2 当 OC 2 2时 CD 所在直线于 O 相交 设另一交点为 E 连接 AE 当 D 为 CE 中点时 求 ACE 的周长 连接 OD 是否存在四边形 AODE 为梯形 若存在 请说明 梯形个数并求此时 AE ED 的值 若不存在 请说明理由 25 本小题满分 14 分 已知抛物线 y1 2 0 axbxc aac 过点 A 1 0 顶点为 B 且抛物线不经过第三象限 1 使用 a c 表示 b 2 判断点 B 所在象限 并说明理由 3 若直线 y2 2x m 经过点 B 且于该抛物线交于另一点 C 8 c b a 求当 x 1 时 y1的取 值范围 10 2013 年广州市初中毕业生学业考试年广州市初中毕业生学业考试 英英 语 笔试部分语 笔试部分试试题 题 一一 听力听力 共两节 满分 共两节 满分 35 分 分 省略 省略 二 语言知识及运用 共两节 满分二 语言知识及运用 共两节 满分 20 分 分 第一节 单项选择 共 10 小题 每小题 1 分 满分 10 分 从 16 25 各题所给的 A B C 和 D 项中 选出可以填入空白处最佳选项 并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑 16 A I enjoyed the performance very much B Yes it was really good I think boy in white was the best actor A aB anC theD 17 I always tell my students on the road because it s really dangerous A not to playB to play notC not playingD not play 18 The man called his professor for help because he couldn t solve the problem by A herselfB himselfC yourselfD themselves 19 Could you say it again I can t understand you are talking about A howB whenC whatD which 20 Must I finish my homework now No you You can go home now A needn tB mustn tC shouldn tD can t 21 There is news about this movie star in the newspaper Where can I get some A manyB a fewC a lotD little 22 I couldn t do it your great help Thanks a lot A withB withoutC forD to 23 Thanks for your invitation but I m so sorry I can t go I need to my baby at home A take awayB take offC take care ofD take out of 24 A You look very nice in your new dress today B Oh really I it when it was on sale A buyB boughtC have boughtD will buy 25 I feel really tired A Lucky you C You d better work harder C Congratulation D Why not go and have a reat 第二节 语法选择 共 10 小题 每小题 1 分 满分 10 分 阅读下面短文 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求 从 26 35 各题所给的 A B C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 It s very important that we all recycle 再利用 In nature everything 26 again For example when an animal dies it becomes 27 animal s food Nothing is wasted But humans have created things like plastic bags 28 can t be broken down by nature Our rubbish kills animals and 29 water and soil 30 we continue making too much rubbish the problem will only get worse If nature can t reuse the rubbish we must recycle 11 31 We should clean up the rubbish we ve made because nature can t Recycling is also the right thing to do for another reason The earth is rich in natural materials like water and trees 32 these materials are not endless We use up our natural materials much 33 than the earth is able to reproduce them For example each year we cut 34 more that 6 000 square miles of forest But it takes an average of 25 years for a new tree 35 Recycling can help us save the earth so let s take action right now 26 A useB usingC is usedD used 27 A anotherB otherC othersD the other 28 A whoB whichC howD where 29 A pollutesB pollutedC pollutingD is polluted 30 A WhenB WhetherC WhyD If 31 A thenB theirC itD itself 32 A butB soC andD or 33 A fastlyB fastC tasterD fastest 34 A outB downC inD up 35 A growsB for growingC growingD to grow 三 完型填空 共三 完型填空 共 10 小题 小题 每小题每小题 1 分 满分分 满分 10 分 分 阅读下面短文 掌握其大意 然后从 36 45 各题所给的 A B C 和 D 项中 选出最佳 选项 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 There once was a farmer who lost his watch in his barn 谷仓 The watch was only cheap but was very 36to him because it was a gift from his father After 37 the barn for a long time he gave up and asked for 38 from a group of children playing nearby He 39 them that the person who found the watch would be rewarded Hearing this the children hurried inside the barn 40 They searched everywhere but still could not find the 41 Just when the farmer was going to give up a little boy went up to him and asked to be given another 42 The farmer looked at him and thought Why not After all this kid looks honest So the farmer 43 the little boy back into the barn After a while the little boy came out with the watch in his hand The surprised farmer asked the boy how he 44 where the rest had failed The boy replied I did nothing but sit quietly and listen for the sound of the watch This shows us that sometimes a 45 mind can think better than an excited one 36 A importantB expensiveC uselessD interesting 37 A findingB searchingC watchingD studying 38 A moneyB dangerC workD help 39 A promisedB taughtC warnedD believed 40 A angrilyB slowlyC immediatelyD hardly 41 A ruleB bookC childD watch 42 A wayB chanceC lessonD smile 12 43 A threwB sentC gaveD caught 44 A cameB knewC succeededD suggested 45 A beautifulB smartC peacefulD quick 四 阅读理解 共四 阅读理解 共 20 小题 每小题小题 每小题 2 分 满分分 满分 40 分 分 A Once when I was a teenager my father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus Finally there was only one family between the ticket office and us This family made a big impression on me There were eight children all probably under the age of 12 You could tell they didn t have a lot of money Their clothes were not expensive but they were clean The children talked excitedly about the clowns It was clearly a very important day out for them The father and mother seemed happy as they could be The tickets lady asked how many tickets the father wanted he proudly answered Please let me buy eight children s tickets and two adults tickets so I can take my family to the circus The ticket lady told him the price The man s wife lowered her head There was no longer a smile on the man s face He quietly asked How much did you say The ticket lady again told him the price The man obviously didn t have enough money But how could he tell his kids the bad news Seeing what was happening my dad took a 20 note from his pocket and dropped in on the ground We were not rich ourselves at all He then tapped the man on the shoulder and said Excuse me sir you dropped this The man understood my father was helping him He picked up the money looked straight into my dad s eyes and in tears replied Thank you This really means a lot to me and my family Although we did not go to the circus that night we didn t go without 46 Why does the writer say Their clothes were not expensive but they were clean Paragraph 2 A To show the children were well looked after B To show cheap clothes could be popular C To show how hard the mother worked D To show how rich the family were 47 Why was the poor man unhappy after he spoke with the ticket lady A He had lost his money B His children were noisy C The tickets were sold out D The tickets were too expensive 48 Who did the 20 note belong to A The poor man B The writer s father C The poor man s wife D The ticket lady 49 Why was the poor man in tears at the end of the story A He found the money he lost B He wanted others to help him C He made his children unhappy D He was thankful for the kindness 50 Which of the following statements is probably true according to the passage 13 A The poor mans saw the circus that night B The two families became close friends C The writer s father earned some money D The writer saw the circs that night B Lu Xun is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20thcentury Besides his famous stories he also wrote many influential articles about the living conditions of Chinese people Born in 1881 to a wealthy family Lu Xun had a happy childhood In 1893 however his grandfather a senior government official was put into prison for taking money At the same time his father became seriously ill From that time on his family were no longer accepted by their relatives and friends These early experiences graetly influenced his writing By the time Lu Xun arrived in Nanjing to study at university in 1899 he already believed that Chinese society had to change and become modern In 1902 he went to study in Japan There he began writing articles for several Chinese student magazines He showed a gift for writing and translating and he even wrote several books although none was popular He returned to China in 1909 because he was in need of money After working for several years as a teacher in Beijing Lu Xun again returned to writing In 1918 he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman It was the first Chinese novel published using the everyday language that people spoke which helped make it a great success This together with his novel The True Story of Ah Q 1921 made Lu Xun a leading Chinese writer Although successful Lu Xun still worried greatly about China s future In 1926 he moved to Shanghai and gave up writing stories in order to devote himself to what he calleed pen warfare He now only wrote articles which called on the people to fight against the government For this the government stopped him from publishing any more books He was forced to write his articles using false names Since his death in 1936 Lu Xun s importance and influence have grown Today many of his writings are included in school textbooks and his works are read by millions around the world 51 Which of the following greatly influenced Lu Xun s writing according to the passage A The people he met in Japan B The experiences in his early life C Working as a teacher in Beijing D His father s being put into prison 52 According to the passage why was Lu Xun s story Diary of a Madmam so popular A It was based on Lu Xun s diary B It was the first novel to use everyday language C Its story took place in modern times D It was written using a western style 53 The underlined word This Paragraph 4 refers to A the success of Diary of a Madman B the use of everyday language C the first Chinese novel D The True Story of Ah Q 54 After moving to Shanghai Lu Xun mainly wrote 14 A funny stories B articles about himself C articles against the government D stories about governmment officials 55 In what order did these events take place in Lu Xun s life a The government stopped him from publishing books b He wrote Diary of a Madman c His father became ill d He moved to Shanghai e His writings were put into textbooks A c a b d eB c b d a e C a c d b eD a d b c e C The Vieira family moved to the United States in 1981 At that time they decided to stop speaking Spanish at home and only communicate in English This was because they were now living in an English speaking country Now the Vieira children are adults and they sometimes travel to Spain to visit their family and friends But they cannot communicate with them Unfortunately this is common When people move to new countries they often leave their own customs and mother language behind This is a mistake because there are many benefits to knowing more than one language One advantage of speaking more than one language is that you can communicate directly with more people around the world You do not have to depend on others to talk for you so you re more independent People who know only one language must use others to help them communicate Furthermore speaking a second language also allows people to experience other cultures and customs more effectively Local expressions vocabulary and even jokes can have a powerful effect on a person s understanding of another culture So knowing more than one language increases your knowledge of other cultures Finally having more multi language speakers improves relationships between countries If people from different countries can communicate well the world can become closer Countries will then have more respect for each other and better understand each other s problems The benefits of knowing more than one language are clear In fact there are no disadvantages It is very sad that many people don t try to learn another language It is even worse when people let themselves forget their mother language and become silenced 56 What is the passage mainly about A The benefits of learning other languages B The reasons why people come to America C The importance of learning English D How to learn another language 57 The passage begins with the experience of the Vieira family in order to A discuss the need for teaching a new language B introduce the passage s main characters to the readers 15 C describe the advantages of moving to another country D show the problems of speaking only one language 58 The underlined phrase multi language speakers Paragraph 5 means people who know A their mother languageB a new language C more than one languageD body language 59 According to the passage if you can speak more than one language you can A find a better job B make more friends C better understand history D communicate more independently 60 Based on the last paragraph which of the following is the worst A Not knowing another language B Forgetting one s mother language C Refusing to learn another language D Failing to communicate with others D PRIVATE ENGLISH LESSONS An experienced teacher is offering private lessons in English Please email me at the address below and tell me Your age Reasons for learning English Your level of English Areas that you need to focus on grammar listening speaking reading writing etc Mrs M Daniels daniels m From Li Hua To daniels m CC Subject English Lessons Dear Mrs Daniels I recently saw your advertisement on the university website offering private English lessons I m very interested in your private lessons and would like some more information I am a student at Aston College here in Hong Kong studying English so my language level is already quite good However I feel that I need to improve my 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