大学英语体验教材.doc

Unit 1I. Listen and TalkLead inDialogue 1 Meeting on CampusKey words and patterns:Excuse me, arent you May I Weve been looking forward to Thats very kind ofHow aboutDialogue 2 At the Registration DeskKey words and patterns:course 课程 elective 选修的 credit 学分 refund退款 withdraw 撤销 martial arts 武术 II. Read and Explore Passage An Think About It1. What do you expect to learn at college?The answer may vary. The most important thing a student can learn is to learn how to learn.2. What do the students in the passage think they have learned after four years study at college ?The answer may vary. They think they have learned everything and are able to conquer the world.n Related InformationTypes of Examination Question in the US and UKCollege StudyEssay-Type Questions1College StudyIn American colleges and universities, students have many choices about the subjects they study, their class schedule, and the teachers of their classes. 2. Essay-Type Questionsn Notes to the Text1. On the steps of one building, a group of engineering seniors huddled, discussing the exam due to begin in a few minutes. (para. 1)A group of engineering seniors huddled on the steps of one building. They were discussing the exam which was going to begin in a few minutes.一幢教学楼的台阶上围着一群大四的工科生，都在谈论即刻就要开始的考试。2.On their faces was confidence. (para. 1) This sentence is in an inverted word-order. The natural word- order of the sentence is like this: Confidence was on their faces. 他们脸上都带着自信。3.Some talked of jobs they already had; others of jobs they would get. (para. 2) Some talked about the jobs they already had; others talked about jobs they would get. 有的谈起了找好的工作，有的则谈论着要找的工作。 4.With all this assurance of four years of college, they felt ready and able to conquer the world. (para. 2) Four years of study at college had given them the confident belief in their ability and powers. They thought they were ready and able to gain control over whatever they would do after graduating from college. 4年的大学学习给了他们自信，使他们觉得自己足以征服世界。 5. The approaching exam, they knew, would be a snap. (para. 3) They knew the approaching exam would be very easy. 眼前这场考试，不过是一碟小菜罢了。 6. The students shifted restlessly in their seats. (para. 6) The students were feeling very uneasy and they were changing their body positions all the time. 学生们再也坐不住了。 7. I just want to impress upon you that even though you have completed four years of engineering, there are still many things about the subject you dont know. (para.7) I just want to make you remember that even if you have finished four years of engineering, there are still many things about the subject you dont know. 我只是想让你们牢牢记住，即使你们已经完成了4年工科学习，这个领域你们还有很多东西不懂。8. The years have obscured the name of this professor, but not the lesson she taught. (para. 8 After all these years, I dont remember clearly the name of the professor, but I do remember clearly the lesson she taught. 多年后，我已忘了这位老师的姓名，但牢牢记住了她的教诲。n Summary of the Text Summarize the passage using the tips below. 1. have mastered quite a lot of information 2. have little experience in using the information. 3. discover how much they still have to learn 4. make this clear to the students 5.graduation is sometimes called “commencement” Reference Summary When students finish college, they have mastered quite a lot of information, but not as much as they may think they have. Furthermore, they have little experience in using the information. When they move forward to their careers, they will quickly discover how much they still have to learn. College can only set the stage for their future learning. There is no way it can give them all the information they need, because there is too much of it and it is expanding too rapidly. A good teacher like the one in the story should make this clear to the students in a memorable way that they can take with them after graduation. This is why graduation is sometimes called “commencement”.n Words and Expressions1. due: adj. 到期的；应得的；应付的；预期的 n. 应付款；应得之物 adv. 正（置于方位词前） (showing arrangements made in advance ) expected; supposed (toExamples: The next train to London is due here at 4 oclock.The plane that was due to arrive at 10 has been delayed for 2 hours by a heavy fog.2. huddle: vt 把.挤在一起；使缩成一团；草率了事 vi 蜷缩；挤作一团 n. 拥挤；混乱；杂乱一团 to (cause to ) crowd together, in a group or in a pileExamples: The flood victims were cold so they huddled together for warmth that night.He lay huddled amongst his blankets in bed, his knees almost touching his chin.3. obscure: adj. 模糊的；晦涩的；昏暗的vt. 遮掩；使变暗；使难理解to hide; to make difficult to see or understandExamples: The moon was obscured by clouds.His fame was obscured by the fame of his wife.4. shift: n. 移动；变化；手段；轮班vi. 移动；转变；转换vt. 转移；改变；替换to change position or direction; to move from one place to anotherExamples: When Paul found that the teacher was reading his composition to the class, he began to shift uncomfortably in his seat.The wind that was blowing from the south has shifted to the north.5. survey: n. 调查；测量；纵览；审视vt. 调查；勘测；俯瞰vi. 测量土地to look at, examine or consider ( a person, place or condition ) as a wholeExamples: You can survey the countryside from the top of the hill.The fighter surveyed his enemy for any weakness.6. file into: 鱼贯而入，排队进去 to march or walk in a single line in the specified directionExamples: As the audience filed into the stadium, they found the pop group was already there. c.f. file out of: 鱼贯而出，一个接一个地出来，排成一列纵队出来 Examples: When the audience filed out of the stadium after the concert was over, they found it had started to snow. 7. impress upon: 使牢记；给留下印象；留下印记 to make the importance of (sth.) clear to somebody.Examples: The professor impressed upon his students the importance of learning how to learn at college.His songs are strongly impressed on my memory.8. no longer: 不再 not any more; not at the present timeExamples: He no longer drives to work since his doctor told him to exercise more.He no longer lives in this apartment for he has bought a large house near where he works.9. pass out: 昏倒，失去知觉；分发 to give out; to distributeExamples: He is standing in front of the supermarket, passing out flyers to customers.Please pass out these sheets to the students in the lecture hall10. talk of: 谈论，议论；谈到，说到talk aboutExamples: We were just talking of the matter before you came in.He talked of going abroad at his birthday party.n Understanding the Text1.What exam were the students going to take? The students were going to take their last exam at college.2.How did the students feel about this exam before they took it? They were confident and felt ready for the exam.3. Did the questions turn out to be easy or difficult? How do you know? They turned out to be difficult, because none of the questions could be answered by the students.4. What did the professor say about the result of the exam? Were the students able to pass the course?The professor said the result was what she had expected, but the students would be allowed to pass the course any way.5. Why did the professor set such a test paper? Because she wanted to make her students realize that even though they had completed four years of college study, there was still much to learn and their education had just begun. Passage Bn Think About It 1. How do you think youll feel after four years college study?I think I will be more confident and mature.2. How does the author feel about his college life before the graduation?The author feels that his college life is fun and exciting.n Related InformationLevels of Education in the United States and CanadaGrading Systems in the U. S.1. Levels of Education in the United States and CanadaEducation in the United States and Canada is divided into the following levels at the indicated ages. Primary Education: 初等教育Pre-school ages 2 6 学前教育Elementary School ages 6 12 小学Secondary Education: 中等教育Junior High School ages 12 14 初中High School ages 14 18 高中Post Secondary Education: 大专教育Junior Collegeages 18 20 2年制专科4 Year Collegeages 18 22 Graduate Schoolages (MA) 22 - 24研究所 研究院Graduate Schoolages (PH.D.) 22 - 26/8Post Graduateafter PH.D.2. Grading Systems in the U. S. 评分制度Most colleges use letter grades like A, B, C, D, F, and some use plus or minus like B- or C+. To compute students averages they say A=4, B=3, C=2, D=1, F=0. It takes an average of 2.0 to graduate. Grades of F must be repeated to get credit. Most students take 5 or occasionally 6 courses per semester, and most courses are 3 credits. It usually takes between 120 and 130 credits to graduate. A few colleges use numerical grades instead of letters. If so, most likely A=90,B=80, C=70, D=60, but this may be up to the professor.n Notes to the Text1. In less than two weeks, Ill have graduated. (Para 1)Ill have graduated within two weeks.不到两周，我就要毕业了。This is an example of the use of the future perfect tense. The future perfect tense tells us something that will be past at or before a certain time in the future.Examples:By this time next week, youll have taken your examination.I hope it will have stopped raining before we have to go.I hope that everything I have told you will not have been forgotten by the next lesson.2.I can still remember the first day of classes, looking on the map on the back of the Schedule of Classes and asking where the classroom building was. (Para 1)Being a freshman of the university, the author was not familiar with the school resources. That was why he asked of others the location of the classroom building on the first class day.我依然记得第一天去上课时的情景，我一边望着课表背面的地图，一边打听教学楼在哪儿。3. Every day I wish I could freeze time and make the next two weeks go more slowly. (Para 1)“wish” is followed by a subjunctive clause here.每天我都祈愿时间会凝滞，接下来的两周过得更慢一些。Examples:I wish it were cooler. (It is not cool. It is hot.)I wish you had been to the cinema with us last night. ( You didnt.)4. . and through many triumphs and failures I came to know more about myself. (Para 2)I had experienced many successes and many failures. It was through these successes and failures that I got to know myself better. 历经多次的成功与失败使我对自己有了更多的了解。5. As I walk down the familiar routes on campus, I found myself doing a lot of soul-searching and reminiscing. (Para 3)As I walk on the familiar campus road, I find myself thinking about the passed days I spent at the college. soul- searching: a deep examination of ones mind and conscience.走在校园熟悉的路上，不知不觉中就陷入了深深的反思和对往昔的回忆中。6. The world is enormous and the possibilities are endless. (Para 3)The world is so big and who knows what will happen (after graduation). 世界如此之大，可能发生的事情太多太多。7. I am getting a queasy feeling deep down every time I think about the fact that Im going to be graduating. (Para 4)I feel quite uneasy at the idea that I will graduate from college. 每每想到就要毕业，我就打心眼儿里感到不安。None phrases like every time / the moment / next time can also be used to introduce adverbial clauses of time.Examples: Every time I catch a cold, I have a pain in my back.Stormy applause broke forth the moment the pop star appeared on the stage.8. Its too difficult to even contemplate the idea that soon I will be waking up in the mornings and not have a class to which I should be going. (Para 4)It is so difficult for me to understand that soon I will be waking up in the mornings and find there is no class for me to go to.甚至不敢想象早上醒来没有课上会是什么样的情形。n Summary of the TextSummarize the passage using the tips below.no parents around make all decisionsa real careergive some guidanceset either a good or a bad examplenever have such an opportunity again Reference SummaryCollege is a safe laboratory in which to experiment with new things. There are no parents around to control you or make all decisions for you. But most of the decisions you make dont have as great a risk as they will have after college. Being a student is a real career but only a temporary one. Teachers can give some guidance without being either parents or bosses. Classmates can set either a good or a bad example, and you can learn to tell the outside the classroom is an important part of the college experience. Students should cherish all of this like the student in the story, because they may never have such an opportunity again.n Words and Expressions1. cherish : vt. 珍爱；怀抱 to care for tenderly; love; to keep a feeling deeply and firmly in mindExamples: The old man cherished the girl as if she were his daughter.The child has been away for more than three years and his parents always cherish the hope that he will come back soon.Examples: Come and look round our shop without a commitment to buy anything.I dont want to get married because I dont want any commitments.2. commitment: vt. 犯罪，做错事；把.交托给；指派作战；使承担义务 a responsibility or promise to follow certain beliefs or a certain course of actionExamples: Come and look round our shop without a commitment to buy anything.I dont want to get married because I dont want any commitments.3. contemplate: vt. 沉思；注视；思忖；预期 vi. 冥思苦想；深思熟虑 to think (about) deeply and thoughtfullyExamples: The doctor contemplated the difficult operation he had to perform.The possibility of war is too horrifying to contemplate.4. envy: n. 羡慕；嫉妒，妒忌vt. 羡慕；嫉妒，妒忌vi. 感到妒忌；显示出妒忌1) n. a feeling you have towards someone that you wish you could have the same thing or quality they haveExamples: He was filled with envy at my success.His new car was the envy of all his friends.2) v. to feel envy of (sb.) or at (sth.)5. involve: vt. 包含；牵涉；使陷于；潜心于to have as a part or resultExamples: Taking the job would involve living abroad.Listening to radio programs is a good pastime because it involves the listeners imagination.6. recapture: 重新获得 to capture again; to get into ones power again; cause to be experienced againExamples: The police recaptured the escaped prisoner.During the party with some young people, the parents found themselves recapturing the joys of their youth.7. remarkable: adj. 卓越的；非凡的；值得注意的worth mentioning; unusualExamples: She is remarkable for her sweet temper.When we went swimming last summer, we saw a most remarkable sunset at the beach.8. reminisce: vt. 追忆说 vi. 回忆 to talk or think about past experiences, esp. pleasant onesExamples: The two friends were reminiscing about their youth.9. at the idea of: 一想起(就)，一想到(就at the thought ofExamples: Having never lived away from her parents, Jane began to panic at the idea of living on campus on her own.Smiles broadened my mothers face, she just couldnt help it at the idea of the family reunion.10. come to: 谈到，涉及：总共，共计：恢复知觉，苏醒，复苏：来到(某地)；参加(某活动)： (used with an infinitive ) to learn to, to grow toExamples: He had come to like the city better after living there for three years.I have come to realize how important it is to learn to use a computer.11. feel like: 美国口语很想要，恨不得 摸上去像是；感觉像是： (informal) to have a wish for; want. It is often followed by a noun or a gerund. Examples: Do you feel like a cup of coffee?It is such a fine day. I feel like going out for a picnic.c.f. feel: to give or produce the stated sensation“What is this in my pocket? It feels like a nut.”12. look back: 回顾；回头看 to review the past; think of what has happenedExamples: Looking back on the past, I can now see that I wasted so much of my precious time.He looks back at the four years of his college days with satisfaction.13. turn back: 往回走；阻挡；翻回到to (cause to) r