2013年高考英语完形填空考点归纳.doc

请上或上百度,输入沈阳高分英语家教吴军查询2013高考英语完形填空考点归纳一、单纯的语法知识、固定搭配、惯用法、常用句型、词语辨异等趋于淡化。下面仅以词语辨异为例总结如下：1、night/evening night指the time of darkness between evening and morning;而evening 指the time between sunset and bedtime.2、know/learn/notice know知道；熟悉 learn 听说；认识到；了解 notice 注意到3、sound/cry/voice/shout/noisesound 泛指各种声音 cry，voice，shout一般都指人的声音 noise 指噪音4、take place 预料中的发生；happen意料外的发生 ；occur 两者兼有What happened to（became of）you?你发生了什么事？5、anxious/eager/worried/hurried/nervousanxious 渴望的（eager）;担心的（worried ）hurried匆忙的 nervous 神经紧张的6、admire/enjoyadmire oneself自我欣赏 enjoy oneself玩得高兴7、fun/joke/trick fun和joke都有开玩笑之意，fun不可数，joke是可数名词、前面要加不定冠词 a play /a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑；a practical jokea trick恶作剧；play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人。8、wonder/imagine/notice/examinewonder想知道 ；imagine想象； notice 注意到； examine 考查9、way/means/methodmeans常用作单方法；手段，工具; a means to an end达到目的方法；method方法、办法，与way 可以替换使用。10、path/road/waypath 小路；人行道 road公路 way 道路 the way to the station11、idea/opinion/suggestion/advice/tipidea 主意；意见 opinion 意见；见解suggestion可数 advice不可数 tip n.告诫，提示；劝告12、examine/check/search examine 检查；诊察；审查，目的在于想了解有关的情况；check核实，检查，目的在于判断正误或是否正常；search搜查13、usual/spare修饰 usual惯常的，平常的 spare空闲的（free）14、instead/however都作副词时，instead而是含有某种对比，however可是仍然含有转折让步的意思。15、lost/missing/gone都可表示丢失不见了lost可作定语；用被动语态；missing和gone一般作表语16、pour/drop pour倒，灌；drop 使滴下，使落下17、admire/inspire/supportadmire钦佩 inspire鼓舞 support 支持18、courage/spirit/strengthcourage勇气 spirit 精神 strength力气19、journey/travel/tripjourney长途旅行 travel广义的旅行 trip旅行（一次来回）a round trip 20、common/ordinary/usual/average/regular/normalcommon 公用的；普通的 ordinary普通的；平凡的 usual 平常的；惯常的（as usual）average平均的；普通的；平常的（an article of average quality 普通产品）regular 固定的；有规律的（the regular people生活有规律的人）normal 正常的（return to normal恢复正常）21、develop/becomedevelop vt.养成；形成（form） become 变成（grow, turn, get等）连系动词22、cheat/lie cheat作弊 lie 说谎23、small change零钱 extra change 多给的零钱24、walk/step/marchwalk走、步行 step 跨，踏 march（齐步）前进、行进、行军、游行25、out of step 步调不一致 out of order 不整齐，出故障26、out of sight, out of mind（谚语）眼不见，心不想27、suffering 苦难 trouble麻烦 difficulty困难 danger危险28、remain/lastremain 保持，仍然 系动词 last 延续，持续29、disturb/bother/trouble/interruptbother ones head（或brains）about 为费脑筋what troubles me most is 使我极不安的是disturb 打扰，扰乱，妨碍 interrupt 打断，打扰Dont bother to care about others matter.不要费心去管别人的事。30、possible 可能的 probable 较可能的 likely 很有可能的31、exercise 锻炼；练习 practice练习训练（业余的）training训练（专业性强）理解高考完形填空难度变化总结（2）二、灵活的词汇意义以及上下文乃至全篇文章内容的理解等更加强化。下面仅以一些常用词在具体的上下文语境中的词义变化为例：1、opposite the window2、sit still（still a.静止的，静寂的adv. 静止地）the still smoking pistol3、over ones shoulder4、send children to bed（打发）孩子们上床睡觉5、have（play, act）a part 参与；起作用6、miss ones part miss a step （miss v.错过;失去）7、The medicine didnt work （work v.（使）工作;（使）运转;起作用）8、make（the）tea 沏茶，泡茶9、go to ones place（固定或指定的）位置，座位，席位10、None of your excuse! Dont give me your excuse!11、speak for oneselfin ones personal opinion12、pick up sb 接某人；give sb. a lift用车接某人13、look out for 注意14、be meant forbe intended for 打算使成为15、papers 报纸；试卷；论文；文件；契约；借据等16、stand n.货摊 vt.容忍，忍受（bearput up with）17、button（扣住）ones coatdo up（束起，收拾齐整，包好）the buttons of ones coat18、get a very good idea ofbe familiar with19、call upremind sb. of20、share many experiencehave many experience in common21、in this respect（way）22、introduce sb. to sth. 把某事介绍给某人23、explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事24、help oneself to 擅自带走；自用25、It wont hurt to take an umbrella with you.带把伞去总没有坏处。26、pick up（1）He slipped and fell, but quickly picked himself up.（跌倒后）使（自己）爬起。（2）pick up a wallet 拾起、捡起（3）pick up some knowledge of physics（偶然地，无意地）获得（收益、生计、知识、消息）等（4）pick up a foreign language（未经听课等）学会外语（5）pick up a girl（非经正式介绍）随便地结识（常指异性）（6）pick up the programme（依靠探照灯、雷达等）测知看到（在无线电里）听到（7）pick up passengers（goods）（车辆等）中途搭（人）中途带（货）（8）pick up ones courage （恢复精神；恢复健康）He is beginning to pick up. （9）The train picked up speed. 加速 （10）pick up a room 收拾，整理（11）pick up a criminal 逮住（罪犯）（12）pick up the subject 重提（话题）总之，做完形填空题，了其大意，先易后难，瞻前顾后，通过直接暗示、间接暗示，前、后暗示，层次、段落暗示，逻辑、推断暗示做题是非常关键的。当然，更重要的是扩大阅读面，增加阅读量，积累语言经验，培养语感能力。望大家反复认真阅读，对提高解答完形填空的能力大有裨益。【典型例题】分析高考题：文章的题目Surfing：Its Not Just for Boys Anymore明显地告诉我们，本文是关于女孩子对冲浪运动的看法，而且提出了一个很鲜明的观点：冲浪运动并不再是男孩子的专利！女孩子也能做，而且会有所成就。Surfing: Its Not Just for Boys Anymore If you asked high school girls to name their favorite sports, most would probably say basketball or volleyball. I happen to be one of the few girls who would _1_: surfing（冲浪运动）. But isnt that a boy thing? Some people _2_. Most certainly not. I started surfing about five years ago and_3_in love with the sport on the very first day. Riding that first _4_ was the best feeling I had ever experienced. When I try to _5_ surfing with other things, I find it very difficult because, in my _6_, theres nothing like it. It involves（牵涉到）body, _7_, and soul. Theres sand between my toes and cool, salt water all _8_ us. The feeling I get when Im surfing across that _9_, becoming one with the_10_, is like Im weightless.1. A. tell B. answer C. give D. realize2. A. wonder B. understand C. reply D. believe3. A. stayedB. came C. dropped D. fell4. A. wave B. storm C. sail D. boat5. A. bring B. connect C. compare D. tie6. A. work B. study C. holiday D. life7. A. mind B. effort C. health D. time8. A. along B. above C. around D. by9. A. beach B. water C. board D. lake10. A. sky B. world C. earth D. ocean解题分析：1. B前后照应逻辑推理词义比较:如果你询问高中的女生们她们最喜欢的体育运动的名字，她们不是告诉（tell），给予（give），意识到（realize），而是回答（answer）你询问的问题。2. A常识运用逻辑推理词义比较:先看语境：前一句的意思是但是它难道不是男孩子的事情吗?（意思是：这是男孩子的事情。）；后一句的意思是大多数人当然不，由社会的实际情况和这两句的意思可以判断出，只是有一部分人（不太多）对此问题（前一句）不理解（understand），不相信（believe），不能作出回答（reply），而纳闷、惊奇（wonder），持怀疑态度，而大多数人却肯定地认为：冲浪运动是男孩子的事情。3. D固定搭配：fallbe in love with爱上，是固定结构，其它选项没有这种搭配形式。4. A常识运用：因为文章是在谈论冲浪运动，冲上第一个浪（wave）去是我经历过的最佳感受，而不是暴风雨（storm）、航海（sail）或船（boat）。5. C固定搭配词义比较：作者想把冲浪运动和其他运动进行比较（compare）。connect with连接，联络，将连起来；compare with与比较；tie up with和联系一起；bring带来，引起，通常不与with连用。6. D逻辑推理常识运用：作者把冲浪运动当作了它的生活（life）的组成部分，她不仅仅只是在假期（holiday）里冲浪，当然工作（work）和学习（study）也不能耽误。in my life是在我的生活中。7. A常识运用词义比较：冲浪运动涉及到身体，智力、智慧（mind）和心灵、精神诸方面，这三个方面共同组成人的身心发展因素。8. C常识运用逻辑推理：在海洋里进行冲浪运动，身体的沿线（along），上面（above），旁边（by），而且身体的四周（around）都是凉爽的咸水。9. B常识运用逻辑推理：冲浪运动可能要经过沙滩（beach），有可能是在湖（lake）里，但它主要还是脚踏冲浪板（board）在水（water）面上进行。10. D常识运用逻辑推理：冲浪运动是在大海、大洋中进行的，就有和海洋（ocean）融为一体的感觉。【模拟试题】 The one thing I can _1_ from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge（挑战）. You can never be the best suffer because the ocean _2_ an uncountable variety of waves that nobody can ever master. The variations of surfing styles are wonderful. Some suffers are free and flowing; others are very aggressive（活跃有力的）and _3_. All of these things attract me to surfing and make it _4_ from any other sport. Ive _5_ to tell every girl I know to do something that people dont think girls can do. Its part of being human to advance to new _6_, so shouldnt it be expected that girls should step up and start _7_ the limits of things boys and men used to dominate（主宰）? Therere women _8_ side by side with the President of our country, so why not side by side with the boys _9_ the football team or out in the water surfing? Give girls a chance to _10_, and they will.1. A. take B. get C. make D. keep2. A. catches B. includes C. offers D. collects3. A. sharp B. great C. hard D. calm4. A. known B. right C. far D. different5. A. chosen B. tried C. learned D. promised6. A. levels B. points C. steps D. parts7. A. reaching B. accepting C. pushing D. setting8. A. sitting B. walking C. fighting D. working9. A. of B. from C. on D. with10. A. think B. succeed C. perform D. feel 参考答案1. B：作者不是从其他运动，而是从冲浪运动中获得（get）了无止境的挑战的体会。再则，前文The feeling I get when Im surfing across that water，becoming one with the ocean也有暗示。take from减少，降低；get from从得到；make from由制造； keep from阻止，隐瞒，抑制。2. C你永远也不会是最好的冲浪手，因为大洋呈现、提供（offer）的是任何人都控制不了的、数不尽的、各种各样的海浪。catch抓住，捕获；include包括，包含；offer提供；collect收集，聚集。3. A有些冲浪手自由自在、娴熟流畅，有些冲浪手则活跃有力、生机勃勃。注意这两个句子的并列关系，应该特别注意free 和 flowing之间词义的顺承和协调自由而流畅，后句的aggressive and_3_也应该是这样一种意义联系，故选择A，sharp可以表示精明敏捷的，迅速活泼，有力有为意思，其它三项在意义上与aggressive的顺承和协调相距甚远。4. D所有的这些都在吸引着我去冲浪，并使之不同于（different）其他运动。注意此段第一句The one thing I can get from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge.也有所暗示。（be）different from和不同。（be）far from远离，远非；known和right通常不与from搭配。 5. B我尽力（try）地劝我所认识的每一个女孩去做人们认为女孩不能做的事情。choose选择、挑选；try试图、努力；learn学习；promise答应、许诺。6. A朝着新的水平（level）不断前进是人类活动的组成部分。level水平，水准，标准，级别；point 点，尖端；step步调，步伐，步骤，措施；part 部分，局部。7. C所以女孩子们难道不应当拾级而上，开始冲破（push）男人们过去主宰的事物的极限吗？reach到达，伸出；accept 接受，认可；push突出，突破攻击；set 放置，树立，调整。8. D在我们国家有女性和总统不仅仅一起坐（sit），步行（walk），战斗（fight），而且并肩工作（work）着。同时注意句子的一般现在时意义特征，表示经常性的行为。9. C所以为什么女孩子不能够肩并肩地与男孩子一起踢足球，外出一起冲浪呢？介词on表示在供职、（是）的成员，on the football team的意思是是/成为足球队队员。10. B给女孩子一个获得成功（succeed）的机会，让她们思考（think），感觉（feel）表演（perform），她们就都会有所成就。沈阳吴军高分英语家教地址：铁西区启工街地铁口旁第一城A组团3号一层 网址: 电话： 2012高考英语翻盘逆转押题预测必考点知识清单主讲人：吴军第一部分：单项选择定语从句出题思路预测先行词 n./pron -被定语从句修饰的,根据先行词选择连接词物：which/that/whose 人：who/whom/that/whose当先行词与连接词后面的名词n存在所属关系时（的）2012定从预测1My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it 2012定从预测2The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _was more than we could expect.A.it B.what C.which D.that2012定从预测3Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which2012定从预测4The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life in the city. A. whom B. which C. them D. those2012定从预测5A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails.A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever2012定从预测6In china, the number of cities is increasing _development is recognized across the world. A. where B. which C. whose D. that2012定从预测7Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from effects the people are still suffering.A.thatB.whose C.those D.whatas与which均可替代整个主句在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句. 如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用；如从句在主句之前，用as。 介词/逗号后, 永远不用that!They failed in the exam，as/which is natural.As is known to all，the earth moves around the sun. He passed the College Entrance Examination, made his parents very happy. A. as B. which C. that D. it2012定从预测8_is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What比较：_is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.2012定从预测9Jim passed the driving test, surprised everybody in the office.A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it2012定从预测10_ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.A. It B. As C. That D. What 2012定从预测11Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy him. A. who B. that C. what D. which2012定从预测12_ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month. A. That B. As C. It D. What 地点：where/which /that 时间：when/which/that2012定从预测13The Science Museum, we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions.A.which B.what C.that D.where2012定从预测14I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where2012定从预测15Occasions are quite rare .I have the time to spend a day with my kids.A.who B.which C.why D.when2012定从预测16We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when2012定从预测17The film brought the hours back to me_I was taken good care of in that far-away village. A. until B. that C. when D. where怎么确定关系代词前用什么介词?（1）定语从句中动词和什么介词搭配Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time. (about which- argue about sth) There is no one _ she can turn when in trouble (to whom-turn to sb for help)（2）先行词常和什么介词搭配。The reason _ he was late was that he got up late.(for which- the reason for)2012定从预测18Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which2012定从预测19Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which2012定从预测20For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, New York is an example.A.for whichB.in which C.of whichD.from which2012定从预测21By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, appeared a rare rainbow soon.A.of whichB.on which C.from which D.above which易错点:插入语和定语干扰!2012定从预测22She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction had taken more than three years.Afor whichBwith whichCof whichDto which2012定从预测23The newly built caf, the walls of_ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. A. that B. it C. what D. which2012定从预测24Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset.A. who B. which C. what D. that2012定从预测25She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.A. them B. who C. whom D. these2012定从预测26Last week, only two people came to look at the house, wanted to buy it.A.none of them B.both of them C.none of whom D.neither of whom定语从句真题练习2009辽宁Theyve won their last three matches, _I find a bit surprising A. that B. when C. what D. which 2007辽宁Eric received training in computer for one year, he found a job in a big company.A.after thatB.after whichC.after it D.after this2006辽宁I was told that there were about 50 foreign studentsChinese in the school, most were from Germany.A.study;of whomB.study;of themC.studying;of themD.studying;of whom2004辽宁The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that DBDA名词性从句出题思路预测区别什么从句应看主句，主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时，从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，或者同位语从句。I have forgotten where we went yesterday.Where we went yesterday is covered with all kinds of flowers.Oh! This is where we came yesterday. This is the place where we came yesterday.Here, he made the promise that he would come here 10 years later.I will make a mark where he made the promise.where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.需要用什么引导词看从句。名词性从句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引导词; 缺名词性成份时，指人用who/whom，指物用what; 不缺意思和成份时用that。That只有在宾语从句中可以省略。2011江西卷The villagers have already known well do is to rebuild the bridge.AthisBthatCwhatDwhich2011四川卷Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed.A. why B. how C. what D. which2011陕西卷Id like to start my own business thats Id do if I had the money. A.why B.when C.which D.what易错点:插入语干扰!2012名词性从句预测1The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. A. which B. that C. what D. who2012名词性从句预测2 was most important to her, she told me, was her family.A.It B.This C.What D.As2012名词性从句预测3The shopkeeper did not want to sell for he thought was not enough.A.where B.how C.what D.which1 In my eyes, _ is known to all _ Chinese economy has taken off.2 _ is known to all, Chinese economy has taken off.3 I took some medicine for the bad cold, but _ didnt help.4 I took some medicine for the bad cold, _ didnt help.5 I find _ is a pity that he failed in the driving test.A. which B. that C. it D. As2012名词性从句预测4 is known to us all is that the 2014 Olympic Games will take place in L.A.It B.What C.As D.WhichWhether是解! 不充当从句的任何成分，表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性。不可以省略。通常，引导主语从句、表语从句和引导同位语从句时，要用连词whether，不用if；习惯上也只能说whether or not，而不说if or not。_ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That试题中的从句位于句首，不难知道这是一个主语从句，所以答案是C。但是在宾语从句中表达“是否”既可用if也可用whether。主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,只能用 whether 引导，不能用 if .主语从句Whether