人教版必修五Unit 2 The United Kingdom Learning about language课时作业（2）.docx

unit 2 the united kingdom课时作业learning about language第一部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。a shanghai sightseeing bus tourshanghai sightseeing bus tour consists of three tour routes: city tour (red route). temple tour (green route) and pudong tour (blue route). in addition, shanghai sightseeing bus tour also designs night routes to provide a platform for tourists to enjoy the night scenes of this vital city. every bus is equipped with a guide system which is available in 8 languages: mandarin, english, japanese, korean, french, german, spanish and russian.shanghai sightseeing bus tour red routeshanghai sightseeingbus tourblue routeshanghai sightseeingbus tour green routetour time1 hour1 hour and 15 minutesaround an hourfirst run09:0009:4509:15last run17:00may to october: 20:0017:1517:00interval30 minutes45 minutes45 minutesthe time of departure or arrival is subject to change due to traffic conditions and other factors. we apologize for any inconvenience.tickets, services & pricesshanghai sightseeingbus ticketprice: rmb 100shanghai sightseeing bus 24-hour packageprice: rmb 200shanghai sightseeing bus48-hour packageprice: rmb 300red routeblue routegreen routeyou can get on or off at any stop.valid for 24 hoursfree earphonesscenery introduction in 8 languagesred routeblue routegreen routeyou can get on or off at any stop.free earphonesscenery introduction in 8 languagesone single-way ticket for the bund sightseeing tunnelone of scenic spots below:one ticket for one-hour cruise on the huangpu riverone ticket for madam tussauds shanghaione ticket for jinmao tower sightseeing floorone ticket for sightseeing at 94th floor of swfcred routeblue routegreen routeyou can get on or off at any stop.valid for 48 hoursfree earphonesone ticket for one-hour cruise on the huangpu rivertour description1 tourists can buy coupons(套票) of tickets for shanghai sightseeing bus tour at agencies of shanghai sightseeing bus tour.2 agencies of shanghai sightseeing bus tour will provide tourists with coupons and big bus brochures.3 tourists can exchange tickets from shanghai sightseeing bus tour staff in uniform at stops below:addresstime for exchangenanjing road (new world city)09:0017:00the bund tourist service center09:3016:30jade buddha temple09:3016:30 shanghai art museum09:3016:30oriental pearl television tower09:3016:304 tourists can change different tickets with coupons:a. shanghai sightseeing bus ticket with fixed time b. free tickets for scenic spots according to the different choices of touriststel:website: www. 1. which of the following is true?a. tourists hoping to visit pudong should choose the red route.b. coupons of tickets are available to tourists free of charge.c. tourists can exchange tickets at shanghai art museum at 17:00.d. the 24-hour package ticket can give tourists access to the bund sightseeing tunnel.2. to go sightseeing with shanghai sightseeing bus tour, a tourist can _.a. exchange tickets around the clockb. enjoy the night scenes of the cityc. get on or off at any timed. always expect timely arrival of the bus【答案】d b【解析】文章介绍了乘坐上海旅游光车旅行的时间、票价、景点、换票时间和地点、联系方式等。1. d细节推理题。根据第二个表格shanghai sightseeing bus 24-hour package中one single-way ticket for the bund sightseeing tunnel可知24小时套票可以去参观the bund sightseeing tunnel，故选d.2. b细节推理题。根据第一段in addition, shanghai sightseeing bus tour also designs night routes to provide a platform for tourists to enjoy the night scenes of this vital city.可知乘坐上海旅游光车旅行可以欣赏上海的夜景，故选b.【名师点睛】细节理解题属直接解答性问题，高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；文章介绍了乘坐上海旅游光车旅行的时间、票价、景点、换票时间和地点、联系方式等。 2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实； 3.将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题1根据pudong tour (blue route).可知去浦东是蓝色路线，a错误；根据文中套票的三种价格可知b错误；根据第三个表格中shanghai art museum的换票时间是09:3016:30可知17:00不可以，c错误；根据第二个表格shanghai sightseeing bus 24-hour package中one single-way ticket for the bund sightseeing tunnel可知24小时套票可以去参观the bund sightseeing tunnel，故选d.binstead of extending your arm or using a selfie stick to snap shots of you and your crew, you could use a new pocket-size drone - air selfie to help you remotely capture aerial photos and videos.the air selfie is the brainchild of italian entrepreneur edoardo stroppiana, who came up with the idea in 2014. air selfie is specifically designed and produced for people who used to thinkdronecameras are extremely complicated to use too expensive and bulky, stroppiana said.the air selfie is equipped with a 5-megapixel camera that can shoot full high-definition (hd) 1080p video, as well as a 4gb microsd card. using the air selfie, people, groups and companies can take pictures of themselves, their backgrounds and their projects from distances, heights and angles that they never could using their arms or a stick, stroppiana said.the drones four rotors help it fly up to 65 feet (20 meters) in the air. theflying camerameasures only about 3.72 by 2.65 by 0.42 inches (9.45 by 6.73 by 1.07 centimeters) smaller than a smartphone, stroppiana said and weighs 1.83 ounces (52 grams).the drone usessonarto measure its altitude and keeps itself stable with the help of a tiny extra camera to monitor its surroundings for signs of jitters. it is also equipped with gyroscopes, barometers and geomagnetic sensors that help it navigate as it flies, said air selfie holdings ltd. in london, the company that stroppiana co-founded in 2016 to manufacture the drone.the air selfie is controlled via a free ios or android app. the app can make the drone to take off; adjust its height and direction; let it hover autonomously; and help users take an hd aerial shot or video with just a push of a button. users can also activate a 10-second timer, giving people enough time to hide their phones so they dont appear in the picture or video. the drone can take up to eight consecutive shots, the company said.the air selfie uses wi-fi to send photos and videos wirelessly to smartphones. the app also allows users to post photos and videos taken with the drone immediately on social media.after snapping photos, the drone can return to its departure point automatically with the touch of a button. users can also guide the air selfie back manually, and its manufacturers said it is safe for the drone to land on a persons open hand, or even for people to grab the drone while it is stillstay in the midair.a rechargeable lithium polymer battery gives the air selfie a flight time of 3 minutes, according to the company. an accessory known as the power bank slips over the air selfie like a smartphone case, and can recharge the drone in 30 minutes. the power bank can hold 20 such charges before it needs to be recharged, the company said. users can also recharge the air selfie directly with a micro-usb cable.the company said it developed a fully functioning prototype in august. on nov. 17, the company launched a kick starter campaign to make the air selfie available via reorder, and it met its $47,714 goal in less than three days. the campaign, which is scheduled to end dec. 24, has raised more than $500,000 from more than 2,300 backers. in addition, the company has received $3 million from private angel investors in the united states, the united kingdom, germany and china, stroppiana said.the first preordered drones are scheduled for delivery in march. the drone is expected to hit the market in 2017 for a retail price of $300.3. choose an item from a, b, c or d to complete the following process:use the app to make the drone take off_ to shoot picturessend pictures to smart phonespost photos on social mediaa. let it hover b. adjust its height c. press a button d. activate the timer4. whats a benefit of the airselfie compared to a selfie stick?a. it is smaller and lighter.b. it can be controlled at a distance.c. it takes high-definition picture of videos.d. people and companies can take pictures of themselves.5. the author of this passage seem to believe the airselfie drone is _.a. expensive b. energy-saving c. environmentally friendly d. promising【答案】 abd【解析】文章介绍了无人相机的优点，拍摄过程和发展前景。3. a细节推理题。根据第六段the app can make the drone to take off; adjust its height and direction; let it hover autonomously; and help users take an hd aerial shot or video with just a push of a button.可知无人相机拍摄过程的第一步是起飞，第二步是调整高度和方向，盘旋，抓住镜头拍摄。故选a.4. b推理判断题。根据第一段air selfie to help you remotely capture aerial photos and videos.和第三段using the air selfie, people, groups and companies can take pictures of themselves, their backgrounds and their projects from distances, heights and angles that they never could using their arms or a stick, stroppiana said.可知“空中自拍”能帮助远程捕获空中照片和视频，人们、团体和公司可以拍摄自己、他们的背景以及他们的项目，从距离、高度和角度出发，是自拍杆达不到的。air selfie的优点在于能远距离调控，故选b.5. d推理判断题。根据倒数第二段it met its $47,714 goal in less than three days. the campaign, which is scheduled to end dec. 24, has raised more than $500,000 from more than 2,300 backers.和he company has received $3 million from private angel investors in the united states, the united kingdom, germany and china等无人相机制作实施的具体进展情况可知作者认为其前景很有希望，故选d.cscientists have created a scent(气味)-delivery system that releases a pleasant fragrance when you sweat. apply it to your skin, and the more you sweat, the better youll smell. thats because the perfume only gets released upon contact with moisture(湿气).chemists from harvard university combined two compounds(化合物) to create their new system. one chemical is alcohol-based. this is the nice-smelling perfume. the other chemical is an ionic liquid(离子性液体), which is a type of salt that is liquid at room temperature. ionic liquids are made of ions-molecules that have lost or gained one or more electrons. if the molecule loses electrons, it will have a positive charge. if it gains electrons, it gets a negative charge. ionic liquids contain the same number of positive and negative ions, which makes them neutral(中性的), with no overall electric charge. in general, ionic liquids have no smell.when the perfume and ionic liquid are mixed together, a chemical reaction occurs. this bonds the molecules to each other. the reaction also temporarily inactivates(使不活跃) the perfumes molecules. so when applied to the skin, the new perfume has no scent in the beginning. but adding water or sweat breaks the bond between the molecules. that releases the scent into the air.“the rate of the release of the fragrance depends on how much you sweat, in other words, how much water is available,” explains chemist nimal gunaratne from harvard university, who led the research. “sweat is like the command to let the fragrance go.”christian quellet is a chemist who has worked in the perfume industry for a long time. he is now an independent consultant based in switzerland. “gunaratnes perfume opens the door to new developments and applications of fragrance controlled-release systems,” he says. controlled-release systems allow small quantities of some compounds that they hold to enter the environment slowly.the system also traps some chemicals in sweat that are responsible for the bad sweat smell. these compounds are called thiols (硫醇). just as water does, thiols break apart the bond that ties the perfume to the ionic liquid. when this happens, the thiols attach to the ionic liquid and their bad scent is inactivated as the perfume had been. this means the water in sweat and its thiols are both able to release the fragrance from the newly developed perfume.6. which of the following makes the scent delivery system special?a. when it releases scent can be well controlled.b. no perfume is required in the system.c. the scent can last for a long time.d. sweat can help release the scent.7. the scent is released into the air when _.a. the perfume comes into contact with the skinb. the perfume and ionic liquid contact each otherc. the perfumes molecules are inactivated by waterd. sweat activates the molecules of the perfume in the mixture8. what nimal gunaratne says in paragraph 4 suggests that with this scent-delivery system _.a. the more you sweat, the better you will smellb. the perfume cant always cover the bad smell.c. how much water is available doesnt matter muchd. how you smell depends on how much perfume you use9. what is christian quellets attitude towards gunaratnes new perfume?a. indifferent. b. favorable. c. doubtful. d. critical.【答案】 ddab【解析】科学家们研制出了一种新型香水，这种香味接触到湿气后会得以释放，出汗越多气味越好闻。6. d细节推理题。根据第一段apply it to your skin, and the more you sweat, the better youll smell. thats because the perfume only gets released upon contact with moisture(湿气).可知这种香味接触到湿气后会得以释放，所以出汗越多气味越好闻。故选d.7. d细节推理题。根据第三段when the perfume and ionic liquid are mixed together, a chemical reaction occurs.和when applied to the skin, the new perfume has no scent in the beginning. but adding water or sweat breaks the bond between the molecules. that releases the scent into the air.可知加入水或汗后破坏了分子间的联系，香味就释放到空气中。故选d.8. a推理判断题。根据第四段nimal gunaratne 说的“the rate of the release of the fragrance depends on how much you sweat, in other words, how much water is available,” 香水的释放速度取决于流汗的程度可知出汗越多气味越好闻，故选a.9. b推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“gunaratnes perfume opens the door to new developments and applications of fragrance controlled-release systems,”和controlled-release systems allow small quantities of some compounds that they hold to enter the environment slowly. christian quellet认为gunaratne的香水为香水控制系统的新发展和应用打开了大门，控释系统允许少量的化合物慢慢进入环境。由此可见他对这种新香水是赞成的，故选b.【名师点睛】推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。本文主要考查推测文章的观点或结论。小题3考查从第四段得出的结论，根据第四段nimal gunaratne 说的“the rate of the release of the fragrance depends on how much you sweat, in other words, how much water is available,” 香水的释放速度取决于流汗的程度可知出汗越多气味越好闻。小题4考查christian quellet对香水的态度，根据倒数第二段“gunaratnes perfume opens the door to new developments and applications of fragrance controlled-release systems,”和controlled-release systems allow small quantities of some compounds that they hold to enter the environment slowly. christian quellet认为gunaratne的香水为香水控制系统的新发展和应用打开了大门，控释系统允许少量的化合物慢慢进入环境。由此可见他对这种新香水是赞成的。dthe eyeliner makes the dark circles less pronounced. the lip gloss hides the trembling. the ponytail conceals missing patches of hair. the abercrombie sweater covers bruises. i might look at bit thinner, but everyone will ask about my new diet. my hair might not shine the way it used to, but the pink ribbon will distract curious eyes. one hour of preparation and i look like myself. one hour of preparation and no one will know. one hour out of 24. sometimes i wonder if its worth it wasting a twenty-fourth of my day on a lie. but then i see my wispy hair and baggy eyes, and i have to do it.checking my makeup one last time, i push my sleeves up, though not past my elbows. i slip on a cute pair of flats heels are too dangerous with shaky legs and grab my hollister bag. padding downstairs, i inhale the scent of waffles and syrup.“morning, mom,” i call.“morning, baby,” she chirps. “did you sleep well?”“better than i have been.”she sighs, and her eyes look a hundred years old for a minute. “any improvement is good,” she says half-heartedly. “of course”“i made waffles.” her offering.thanks, mom. smells delicious.” my offering.i sit at the table and she hands me a plate. the thought of all that food turns my stomach, but i force a smile and thank my mother again. she busies herself at the sink and fills the silence with chatter. when she turns around, she takes in the waffles still on my plate, only missing a few bites. i smile apologetically.“im not very hungry this morning.”“youll need your strength for this afternoon.” she bites her lip. she doesnt like to bring it up over breakfast. i eat another bite.“i packed your lunch.”im 18, mom. i can pack my own lunch. you have more important things to do.” she reaches for the paper sack. “but now i know youll have something to eat. and you need to eat, okay? you have to keep your strength up.”sighing, i take the bag. i know this peanut butter and jelly sandwich wont be eaten, not any more than the one yesterday or the day before. and even if i do eat it, ill just throw it up later. anything consumed after 11 ends up in a plastic basin at 4:07. its just the way it works. “hon, have you thought about what i said the other day?” she asks.i shrug noncommittally.“sweetheart, you cant hide this forever. eventually youre going to miss school and people will start asking questions.”“mom, i have two months left of high school. i can make it til then. im class president and probably valedictorian. i was voted most popular, most fun to be around, best smile, and most likely to succeed. im the girl whos got it all together. people dont want to know that the girl whos got it all together, doesnt have it all together. people dont want to know that girl is dying!”“honey, dont say that. youre not dying.”“yes, i am. i have cancer. you heard dr. morrison. i have maybe a year left. but that means i can graduate and then never see those people again. ill die and theyll feel sorry for me, but at least i wont have to endure their pity.” “but ,” she tries to interrupt. “mom, listen to me. i dont want to be the girl everyone looks at and whispers, look at her. poo