Lesson1TheSpiritofExplorers (2).ppt

Unit7TheSea Grammar RelativeClauses Readthesentencesandfindtherules PleasedoEx onPage9 Byaround900AD thereweremanyplacesinNorthernEuropewheretheVikingschosetolive IstillrememberthedaywhenIattendmyfirstlectureincollege Couldyouhelpmetofindoutthereasonwhythebrakedoesn twork Findtherules Summary 关系副词引导的定语从句 where when why Ericsetsailonceagain thistimewith25ships ofwhichonly14madeittoGreenland b ErictheRedwasforcedtoleavebecausehehadcommittedamurder forwhichhegotintotrouble c BiarniwasthemanwithwhomLeifdiscussedhisplan ofwhich forwhich withwhom Understandthemeaning Ericsetsailonceagain thistimewith25ships ofwhichonly14madeittoGreenland Ericsetsailonceagain thistimewith25ships Only14oftheshipsmadeittoGreenland ErictheRedwasforcedtoleavebecausehehadcommittedamurder forwhichhegotintotrouble ErictheRedwasforcedtoleavebecausehehadcommittedamurder Forthemurderhegotintotrouble BiarniwasthemanwithwhomLeifdiscussedhisplan Biarniwastheman Leifdiscussedhisplanwiththeman Ex 1 Ihavefiveballoons ofwhich3areyellow 2 Davidismyfriend withwhomIplaytennis 3 Hehas20books ofwhichonlytwoareinteresting 4 Mr John towhomwecomplained apologisedforthemistakes 5 TheAntarctic aboutwhichweknowlittle iscoveredwithsnowandicealltheyearround 6 Theshop fromwhichweboughttheair conditioner isnotfarfrommyhouse 7 You dbettertellherthenameofthebook inwhichshecanfindinformationabouttheproject 8 TheyhavejuststartedthetriptoTibet forwhichtheypreparedforamonth 定语从句 在主从复合句中 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词 起 定语 的作用 修饰说明名词 代词或主句全部内容 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 引导定语从句的词叫引导词 定语从句通常放在先行词的后面 引导词 关系代词 who whom whose that which关系副词 when where why 要做好定语从句有关试题 就得必须理解透 关系词 具有的三种功能 1 引导一个定语从句 在定语从句开头 2 替代 先行词 省去从句中对应的he she it they him her them 3 在定语从句中充当成分 作主语 宾语 定语 表语 状语 1 由who whom whose引导的定语从句 这类定语从句中who用作主语 whom作宾语 whose作定语指人 e g Thisistheman helpedme 这位是帮过我的那个人 用法 who youarelookingforisintheroom 你找的那位大夫在屋里 Doyouknow isLiuMing 你认识那个叫刘明的人吗 Thedoctorwhom themanwhosename 2 which引导的定语从句这类从句只能指物 which在从句中作主语或谓语动词或介词的宾语 e g Thisis 这就是你要的那本书 standsneartheriverisourschool 河边的那栋楼是我们学校 thebookwhichyouwant Thebuildingwhich thereisamachineisaworkshop 有机器的房间是车间 Theroominwhich 1 介词 which whom 引导的定语从句which指代物 whom指代人 介词 which whom 中的介词可以根据先行词的习惯搭配或从句中动词 形容词等的习惯搭配来选择 介词可置于从句之前或之后 但含有介词的固定短语动词一般不拆开 介词仍放在动词的后面 e g Shedidn tgivethereason shewaslateforschoolagain 她没有给出她再次上学迟到的理由 Mr Johnsonwasnottoosurewastheyoungman shonesty 约翰逊先生不太确定年轻人是否诚实 forwhich Thethingaboutwhich Themachine fortwentyyearsisstillworkingwell 我保养了20年的机器仍运转良好 whichIhavelookedafter 2 引导非限定性定语从句时 关系代词往往用which 不用that e g Ihavelostmybook Ilikeverymuch 我丢了那本我非常喜欢的书 注意 which 3 由that引导的定语从句that在定语从句中可以指人或物 在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语 但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语 e g Ireceivedwasfrommyfather 我收到的那封信是我父亲写给我的 Theletterthat 在下面几种情况下必须用 that 引导定语从句 1 先行词是不定代词 all few little much something nothing anything等 e g wehavetodoistopracticeeveryday 我们要做的就是每天练习 注意 Allthat 2 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰 e g Ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten 我所学的第一课永远也忘不了 Thefirstlessonthat 3 先行词被all any every each few little no some等修饰 e g Ihaveread yougaveme 你给我的书我全读完了 4 先行词被theonly thevery thelast修饰时 e g Heis Iwanttotalkto 他是唯一的我想跟说话的人 allthebooks that theonlypersonthat 5 先行词既有人又有物时 e g Theytalkedof theyrememberedintheschool 他们谈论着他们能记起的那些在学校的人和事 thingsandpersonsthat 关系副词的句法功能及特点 e g Iknow hecamelate 我知道他为什么来晚了 Thisis welivedfor5years 这就是我住过五年的地方 IwillneverforgettheDay ImetMr Li 我永远也忘不了遇到李先生的那天 thereasonwhy theplacewhere when 先行词是表示地点时 有时用where 有时用that which 引导定语从句 这时要看从句的谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词 如果是及物动词就用that which 否则用where e g Thisis helivedlastyear 这就是他去年住的房子 Thisisthehouse hevisitedlastyear 这就是他去年去过的房子 thehousewhere that which 注意 当先行词表达 地步 境地 形势 等抽象概念 如situation case stage point condition position等 且在定