2015年成人高考专升本英语语法知识梳理数词.doc

2015年成人高考专升本英语语法知识梳理数词一、基数词及其主要用法表示数目的词称基数词。15fifteen，几百几千不加s，242twohundredandforty-two，5058fivethousandandfifty-eight，9，600，000ninemillionsixhundredthousand1.基数词可以用于数字的计算。6+8=14Sixpluseightisfourteen.9-7=2Nineminussevenistwo.7X5=35Seventimesfiveisthirty-five.84=2Eightdividedbyfouristwo.2.基数词可以表示人的大致年龄和年代。Hediedinhisfifties.3.基数词可以用来表达年份、时间、电话号码。1700seventeenhundred1814eighteenfourteen4.基数词可以用于编号。Numbersix，line4，page19，Bus(No.)332，Platform(No.)5，Room1015.基数词可以和其他词一起构成合成形容词，在句子中作定语。Aone-month-oldbabycanrecognizeitsmotherbysmell.Thiseleven-month-oldbabycanspeakafewwords.(Thebabyiselevenmonthsold.)Theteacheraskedustowriteafour-thousand-wordessayasourhomework.(Therearefourthousandwordsintheessay.)二、序数词及其主要用法表示顺序的词称为序数词。如first，second，third，fourth，ninth，twenty-first，forty-fifth等。序数词可以用来表示日期和世纪。Maythefirst/thefirstofMay(5.1)，Augusttheeighth/theeighthofAugust(8.8)，thetwentiethcentury，thetwenty-firstcentury序数词在句子中前面一般加theThefirstofOctoberisourNationalDay.Shewasthethirdtoarrive.序数词在句子中前面加不定冠词，表示“再一”又一“。Theyllhavetodoitasecondtime.ShallIaskhimathirdtime?Whenhesatdown，afourthmanrosetoask.三、分数词的构成分数的分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示，若分子大于1，分母需用复数。two-thirds(2/3)，one-third(1/3)，nine-tenths(9/10)，five-twelfths(5/12)。特殊表达法有：onehalf(1/2)，aquarter(1/4)，threequarters(3/4).考试重点基数词可以和其他词一起构成合成形容词，在句子中作定语，名词不能加s.数词部分需特别注意dozen，hundred，million，billion等词。表示具体数字时，这些词用单数形式，表示不具体的数字时，须用dozensof，hundredsof这类的结构。Iwantthreedozenofthese.Hehasbeentheredozensoftimes.当数词与名词及其他词构成合成形容词时，合成形容词中间若用连字符，则其中的名词须用单数形式。Thehomeworkforthenextperiodistowriteatwo-hundred-wordcompositionaboutyourhometown.Maryisaeleven-year-oldgirl.(Maryiselevenyearsold.)典型例题1.In_centurycomputerswillbeusedmorewidely.A.twenty-oneB.thetwenty-oneC.twenty-firstD.thetwenty-first序数词前加the.答案D5.“Whatdidtheprofessortellyoutodo?”“Ihadtowritea_report.”A.twothousandwordsB.two-thousands-wordC.two-thousand-wordD.two-thousandwords答案C6.“Didyoubuyanythingattheclothingsale?”“Yes，Iboughtthree_tiesforjusttwelvedollars.”A.fivedollarsB.five-dollarsC.five-dollarD.fifthdollar答案C8.Whatdateisit?Its_.A.Julytwentieth-firstB.Julythetwenty-firstC.thetwenty-firstofJulyD.BothBandC7月21日：Julythetwenty-firstthetwenty-firstofJuly答案：D10