2013初中英语总复习必背知识要点(终极版).doc

2013初中英语总复习必背知识要点7A Chapter 1一、重点单词1.title n.标题 2.greeting n.问候 3.address n.地址 4.magazine n.杂志 5.own v.拥有 6.architect n.建筑师 7.friendly adj.友好的 8.keen adj.喜爱的；着迷的 9.physics n.物理学 10.engineer n.工程师 11.wish n.心愿；愿望 12.length n.长度 13.height n.高度 14.birth n.出生 15.rat n.老鼠 16.age n.年龄 17.excellent adj.优秀的 18.dancer n.舞蹈家19.maths n.数学 20.history n.历史 21.computer n.电脑二、拓展词汇1. greeting问候语 (n.)-greet（v.）问候 2. owner（n.）主人、拥有者-own（v.）拥有3. expression（n.）表情-express（v.）表达 4. height (n.) 高度-high (adj.)高的5. weight(n.)体重-weigh (v.)重-heavy (adj.) 重的 6. length(n.) 长度-long(adj.)长的7. wishes (n.) 祝福-wish (v.) 祝愿 8. history (n.) 历史-historical(adj.)有历史的9. friend(n.) 朋友- friendship(n.) 友谊- friendly (adj) 友好的-10. dancer(n.) 舞蹈家- dance(v.)跳舞 11. science(n.) 科学- scientist(n.)科学家 12. art(n.) 艺术- artist(n.) 艺术家 13. birth(n.)生-birthday(n.)生日-born (adj.)出生于三、重点短语1. play rugby 玩橄榄球 2.live with sb in sp 和某人住在某地3. would like to do=want to do=feel like doing 想要做某事4. be from=come from 来自 5.speak Chinese说汉语 6. work as=be 从事职业 7.be friendly (to sb) 对.很友好8. be keen on sth/doing sth = be interested in sth/doing sth对感兴趣9. enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 10.in the middle在中间11. reply to 回复 12.hear from sb=receive/get a letter from sb收到某人的来信13. bring sb sth=bring sth to sb 给某人带来某物14.look up in the dictionary 查字典 15.a house with a big garden带花园的房子16.start/end with以开始/结束 17.Form One=Grade One一年级四、 重点句子1. I would like to be your penfriend. 我想成为你的笔友。2. How old are you? = Whats your age? 你几岁了？3. My favourite hobby is playing chess. 我最喜欢的业余爱好是下棋。4. The teachers are very friendly. 老师都很友善。5. I can speak Chinese, but I cant write it well. 我可以讲中文，但我写得不好。6. I enjoy playing rugby and badminton in winter.我喜欢在冬天玩橄榄球和乒乓球7. He works as an architect in London. 他在伦敦是一名建筑师。8. Its near my school, so I can walk to school. 学校离我家很近，所以我可以走路去学校。9. How many people are there in your family? What do they do? 你家有多少人，他们是干什么的？10. My best subject at school is physics. I want to be an engineer. 我最好的科目是物理，我想成为一名工程师。11. I am keen on sports. 我热爱体育。五、 解释句子1. I would like to be your penfriend. =I want to be your penfriend. 2. How old are you? =Whats your age?3. My favourite hobby is playing chess. =I like playing chess best.4. They are from Beijing. =They come from Beijing.5. He works as an architect in London. =He is an architect in London.6. What do they do? =What are they? =What are their jobs?7. I can walk to school. =I can go to school on foot.8. I am keen on sports. =I am interested in sports.9. I am so glad to hear from you. =I am so glad to receive a letter from you. 六、 Writing-人物介绍I want to tell you something about myself. My name is John. I study at No.1 Middle School. My best subject at school is English. My favourite sport is tennis. My dream is to be a tennis player.There are four people in my family, my father, my mother, my sister and I. My sister is a student in a primary school. She has long hair and big eyes. I love my family.我想告诉你一些关于我自己的事情。我叫约翰。我在第一中学读书。我最好的科目是英语。我非常喜欢网球。我的梦想是成为一名网球运动员。我家有四个成员，爸爸妈妈妹妹和我。我妹妹是个小学生。她有长长的头发大大的眼睛。我爱我家。7A Chapter 2一、重点单词1.business n. 公司，生意 2.uniform n.校服，制服 3.discuss v.讨论 4.achieve v.达到，完成 5.fail v.（考试）不及格，失败 6.exam n.考试7.collect v.接走，取走 8.attend v.参加 9.club n.俱乐部，社团 10.violin n.小提琴 11.guard n.警卫 12.construction n.建筑 13.dentist n.牙医 14.correct adj.正确的 15.explain v.解释 16.polite adj.礼貌的politeness n.礼貌 17.electricity n.电 18.energy n.能量，精力 19.force n.力量v.强迫 20.temperature n.温度 21.physical adj.身体的22.temper n.脾气 23.truth n.真相 24.jogging n.慢跑25.probably adv.可能、大概 26.return v. 返回，归还 27.parcel n.包裹二、拓展词汇1. truth (n.) 真相-true (adj.) 真的-truly (adv.)真地 2. manager(n.)经理-manage(v.)尽力去做成某事3.discussion (n.)讨论-discuss (v.)讨论 4. achievement (n.)成功- achieve (v.)达到、完成5. failure (n.) 失败-fail (v.)失败 6. explanation (n.)解释-explain (v.)解释7. correct (v.)修改-correct (adj.)正确的-correctly (adv.)正确地 8. business (n.)商业businessman (n.)经商者-busy (adj)忙碌 8. politeness (n.)礼貌-polite (adj.)有礼貌的-politely (adv. )有礼貌地-impolite (adj.)没有礼貌的 -impolitely (adv.)没有礼貌地9. collection (n.)收集品-collect (v.)收集 10. electricity (n.)电-electrical (adj.)有电的三、重点短语1. brush ones teeth刷牙 2.be similar to=be not different from和相同3. expect to do期盼做某事 4.one of the top students顶尖学生之一5. continue/go on doing 继续做某事 6. stay up=go to bed late熬夜7. collect sb=pick sb up用车接某人 8.discuss business讨论生意9. have breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner with sb和某人共进早餐/午饭/晚饭/大餐 10. make a phone call to sb=ring sb=call sb=phone sb 打电话给某人11. on the way to 去的路上 on the way home/here/there回家/来这里/去那里的路上13. achieve A grades 获得A等 14.fail/pass an exam考试不及格/及格15. twice a week 一周两次 16.at breakfast在吃早餐时17. return to sp=go back to sp 回到某地 return home/here/there回家/这里/那里18. attend a club/a meeting/a lecture 参加一个俱乐部/上学/听讲座19. assist/help sb with sth assist/help sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 20. be at school 上学21. physical exercise 体育锻炼 22.lose ones temper=become angry发脾气23. put on 穿上 24. get up起床 25.teach us English教我们英语四、重点句子1.Wendy Wang is one of the top students in Shenzhen.王温迪是深圳的尖子生之一2. I get up at six oclock, wash and put on my school uniform.我六点起床，洗簌后穿上衣服。3. Every day, my driver drives me to school in my own car.每天，我的司机开我自己的车送我去学校。4. I sometimes make phone calls to clients on the way to school.有时在上学路上我会和客户通电话。5. I usually achieve A grades in all my subjects. 我的各科成绩通常是A 等。6. I never fail an exam. 我从来没有考试不及格。7. About twice a week my driver collects me from school.大约一周两次，司机回到学校来接我去和客户共进午餐。8. Then I return to school. 然后我返回学校。9. After school, I usually attend a club. 放学后我通常会参加兴趣小组的活动。10. Other students often ask me to assist them. 其他同学经常请我帮助他们。11. I finish my homework in an hour or two before dinner.我会在晚饭前一两个小时内完成家庭作业。12. Then I go to my office and continue working on my games.然后我回自己的办公室继续编写游戏。五、解释句子1. Wendy is probably different from most other students. =Wendy probably isnt similar to most other students.2. I sometimes make phone calls to clients on the way to school. = I sometimes phone/call/ring clients on the way to school.3. Then I return to school. =Then I go back to school.4. Other students often ask me to assist them. =Other students often ask me to help them.5. Then I go to my office and continue working on my games. =Then I go to my office and go on working on my games.六、WritingHello, I am Wang Lin. I study in No.1 Middle School. I usually go to school on weekdays. I often get up at 6:30 in the morning. My mother drives me to school. We have four lessons in the morning and three in the afternoon. I am good at English, but poor in maths. I get on well with my classmates. School is over at 5:30. We often do sports after school. After supper, I usually do my homework. At weekends, I like going out and playing with my friends. I am busy but very happy.大家好，我叫王林。我在第一中学读书。从周一到周五我上学。我早上经常6点30起床，我妈妈开车送我上学。我们上午要上4节课，下午三节。我的英语学得很好但数学很差。我和同学相处很融洽。学校5点30放学，我们会在放学后做运动。晚饭后我经常写作业。周末我喜欢和朋友出去玩。我很忙但很开心。7A Chapter 3一、重点单词1. ferry n. 渡船，渡口 2.dial v.拨号 3.ambulance n.救护车 4. fire service n.消防队 5.argue v.争论，吵架 6.trouble n.麻烦，困难7.tourist n.游客，旅游者 8. stare v. 盯，凝视 9.steal v.偷窃 10.purse n.钱包 11.missing adj.遗失的 12.hurry v.赶快，匆忙 13.aboard adv.上（船,飞机等）14.report v.举报，报告 15.thief n.小偷，窃贼 16.notice v. 注意 17.rather adv.相当 18.weight n.体重 19.baseball n.棒球运动 20.switch v. 用开关开启(或关掉)21.apologize v.道歉 22.record v.录音 23.button n.按钮 24.discover v.发现 25.robbery n.抢劫 26.programme n.（电视或广播的）节目，活动安排二、拓展词汇1. discovery (n.)发现-discover (v.)发现 2. thief (n.) 贼-thieves (复数)贼- theft (n.)盗窃案3. robbery (n.) 抢劫犯-rob (v.)抢劫 4. argument (n.)争吵-argue (v.)争论5. report (n./v.) 报告-reporter (n.)报告者 6. miss (v.)错过、丢失missing (adj.)丢失了的7.tourist (n.)旅游-tour (n. /v.) 旅游二、重点短语1. take a ferry=go by ferry 搭轮船 2.deal with= do with处理3. sth happen to sb 某事发生在某人身上 4.wait for等待，等候5. two women tourists 两个女游客 6.begin doing开始做某事 7. hold out 拿出 8.show sth to sb=show sb sth 展示某物给某人看9. stare at sb 盯着某人 10.steal sth from sb.从偷11.find sth missing=cant find sth 发现某物不见了 12.run away逃跑13. follow sb=go after sb 跟随某人 14.hurry to do=do.in a hurry匆忙做某事15. be in handcuffs 带手铐 16.report a theft报告一个失窃案17. on the other side of 在另一边 18. get on/off上/下车 19.well done干得好20. see sb doing看见某人正在做see sb do sth看见某人做过某事21. pick up 拣起四、 重点句子1. 我经常乘轮渡。I often take a ferry. =I often go by ferry.2. 你是怎么解决问题的？What do you do with trouble? =How do you deal with trouble?3. 它是空的。 It was empty. =It wasnt full.4. 然后我发现我钱包丢了。Then I found my purse missing. =Then I couldnt find my purse.5. 那个男人跑走了，两个女游客追在他后面。The man ran away and the two women tourists followed him. = The man ran away and the two women tourists went after him.6. 那个男人匆忙去了那个商店。The man hurried to the shop. =The man went to the shop in a hurry.7.那个男人伸出包把它给那个女人看。 The man held out a bag and showed it to the women.8. Everyone stared at the three people. 每个人都盯着那三个人。五、写作A diarySaturday, August 24, 2012 SunnyYesterday morning, when I was on the way to school, I saw an old woman walking on the street. A young man in a red coat followed her. At the bus stop when the old woman got on the bus, the young man stole a purse from the womans handbag. After he got the purse, he ran away quickly. I picked up the phone and dialled 110. A policeman arrived at once and caught the thief. I was happy to help others.昨天早上在我上学途中，我看见一位老太太在街上走。一个穿红衣服的年轻人跟在她身后。当老太太在公交站上车时，那个年轻人偷了她的钱包。他拿起钱包后迅速逃离。我马上拿起电话拨打了110.一位警察迅速赶来抓住了那个小偷。我很开心能帮到别人。7A Chapter 4一、重点单词1.plus prep. 加 2.subtract v.减 3.minus prep.减 4.multiply v.乘 5.times prep.乘 6.divide v.除，除以 7.degree n.度，度数 8.percentage n.百分数 9.equal v.等于 10.invent v.发明 11.system n.系统12.especially adv.尤其、特别 13.international adj.国际的 14.ancient adj.古代的 15.however adv.然而，不过 16.nearly adv.几乎，差不多 17.count v. 数数 18.Indian n.印度人 19.develop v.发展 20.invention n.发明 21.accurate adj.精确的，准确无误的22.bottom adj.底部的 23.figure n.数字 24.electronic adj.电子的 25.powerful adj.强大的，强有力的26.flash n.闪现，闪光 27. change n.找零 28.flight n.航班 29.kid n.（非正式）小孩 30.double adj.双的，成双的 31.check v.核对 32.instruction n.指导，指令 33. total adj.总的 34.fellow adj.同伴的，同类的 35.traffic n.交通 36.accident n.事故 37.rise v.上升 二、拓展词汇1. accident (n.) 意外- accidently (adv.)意外地 2. invention (n.)发明- inventor (n.) 发明者- invent (v.)发明 3. change (n.) 改变- change (v.) 改变 4. decision (n.) 决定- decide (v.) 决定5.development (n.)发展-develop (v.)发展-developing (adj.)发展中- developed(adj)发展的 6. power(n.) 势力、力量-powerful (adj.) 强大的- powerfully (adv.)强大地7. total (adj.) 总的- totally (adv.) 总地 8. calculation (n.) 计算-calculator (n.)计算器 - calculate (v.)计算9. Egypt (n.) 埃及-Egyptian (n./adj.) 埃及人/埃及语/埃及的 10. India (n.) 印度-Indian (adj./n.) 印度人/语、印度的11. flight (n.)航班- fly(v.)飞 12. separate (adj.)分开的-separately (adv.)分开地三、重点短语1. in many different ways 用很多不同的方式 2.in ancient times 在远古时代3. at least至少 4.in tens 十进制 5. the system of numbers数字系统 6.consist of=be made up of包含，包括 7. help sb do/with sth 帮某人做某事 8. traffic accident 交通事故 9. electronic calculator电子计算器10.start from 从开始 11.in figures 用数字 12. stand for 代表13.square root平方根 14. do a calculation=calculate计算 15.in a flash一瞬间16.subtract.from减去 17. divide .by 除以 18.be afraid of 害怕19.make a noise吵闹 20. pay attention to sth注意 21. in total 总共22. two thirds三分之二 23.add.to加上 24. multipleby 乘以 四、重点句子1. Everyone knows at least two-his or her own language and the international language of numbers. 每个人至少懂得两种语言-他或她的母语以及国际通用的数字语言。2. In ancient times, people wrote number in many different ways. 古时候,人们以许多不同的方式书写数字。3. The system of numbers today consists of the numbers from 1 to 9 and 0(zero). 今天的数字系统包括从1到9和0这十个数字。4. The Indians first invented and developed the 1 to 9 system of numbers. 印度人最早发明并改进了从1到9的数字系统。5. The invention of the zero helped people write big numbers and calculate more easily.零的发明帮助人们书写大的数字,并使计算更容易。6. Abacuses are fast and accurate. 算盘运算既快又准确。7. On the abacus, the beads on the wires stand for ones, tens, hundreds and thousands, starting from the bottom wire. 算盘铁丝上的珠子从下往上代表个 , 十 , 百 ,千。. 8. A computer can do a calculation in a flash.一台电脑可以在一瞬间完成运算.五、解释句子1. consist of=be made up of 由组成The system of numbers today consist s of the numbers from 1 to 9 and 0. =The system of numbers today is made up of the numbers from 1 to 9 and 0.2. Add 3 and 9, and you will get 12. =3 plus 9 equals/is 12.3. Subtract 3 from 9, and you will get 6. = 9 minus 3 equals/is 6.4. Mutiply 3 by 9, and you will get 27. =3 times 9 equals/is 27.5. Divide 9 by 3, and you will get 3. =9 divided by 3 equals/is 3.6. What can I do for you? = Can I help you?六、写作：假如你是Maggie，一名英语老师。Judy是初一的新生，她来信向你请教学习英语的方法。请你用祈使句来回复她。Dear Judy,Here are some ways on how to learn English.Listen to the teacher carefully and take notes(记笔记). Dont play or do other things in class, and dont forget to review(复习) your notes. Dont be afraid to ask questions. When you have any questions, you should ask your classmates or teachers for help. Read English for an hour every day. Its also good ways to learn English by singing English songs and listening to the tapes. You wont learn English well if you spend little time on it. Good luck!Yours truly,Maggie 7A Chapter 5 Beyond time and space(1) 一、重点单词1.adventure n.冒险 2.alien n.外星人 3.monstern.怪物 4.suddenly adv.突然地5.kangaroon.袋鼠 6.roarv.吼叫 7.in pieces成碎片 8.trustv.信任9.shakev.颤抖（过去式shook） 10.kill v.杀 11.press v.按 12.button n.按钮13.steeln.钢 14.barn.长条 15.appearv.出现 16.replyv.回复17.towardsprep朝着 18. cycling n.骑自行车运动 19.unknown adj.不知的20.pilotn.飞行员 21.cave n.洞穴 22.hugeadj.巨大的 23.navigatorn.导航员24.forecast v. 预报/预测 25. invite v.邀请 invitation n.邀请 26.survey n.调查27.special adj. 特殊的/特别的 28. unfortunately adv.不幸地 29. court n.球场30.sailing n.帆船运动 31.suitable adj.合适的 32.passenger n.乘客 33. land v.登陆二、拓展词汇1.invition (n.)邀请-invite (v.)邀请 2. suggestion (n.)建议-suggestions(复数)suggest(v.)建议3. know(v.)知道-known(adj.)已知的-unknown(adj.)未知的-well-known(adj)众所周知的4. appearance(n.)外表- appear(v.)呈现 5. arrangement(n.)安排- arrange(v.)安排6.fortunate(adj.)幸运的-fortunately(adv.)幸运地- unfortunately(adv.) 不幸的7. suit(v.)适合- suitabel(adj)适合的三、重点短语1.towards evening 2.go through 3.get out of 4.be friendly to 5.take place 6.be sure of7.be afraid of8.in peace 9.have fun10.Be careful11.order sb to do sth傍晚时分通过；穿过由出去对友好的发生；举行确信；对有把握害怕和平地玩的开心小心命令某人做某事12.in trouble 13.turn towards/to 14.in pieces15.get in 16.land on17.call oneself18.jump away19.space adventure20.trust sb21.arrive at22.let sb do sth陷入困境转向成为碎片进来 在某地着陆称自己为跳开，跳离太空冒险相信某人到达让某人做某事四、重点句型1. Captain King often tells his friends stories of his space adventures.金船长经常给他的朋友讲他的太空冒险故事.2. Towards evening, we landed on an unknown planet.将近傍晚的时候，我们在一个未知的星球上着陆了.3. We went through the cave. 我们穿过了那个洞.4. Lets get out of here. 让我们从这儿出去吧！5. Maybe he is friendly.也许他是友好的6. The he pressed a button on the wall. 然后他按了墙上的一个按钮。7. Steel bars appeared from the ground round us and closed over our heads.钢条围着我们从地面出现，然后在我们头顶关闭了。8. Why did you call yourself “Nobody”? 为什么你称自己“Nobody”？9. We come in peace. 我们是和平地来的。10. It is polite to reply to other peoples questions. 回答别人的问题是有礼貌的（行为）.11. The weather forecast says its going to rain. 天气预报说会下雨。12. You had better bring an umbrella. 你最好带一把伞。13. The story probably takes place on another planet. 这个故事可能发生在另一星球。14. There is going to be a football match next Sunday.下周日有一场足球赛。五、同义句：1. The story probably takes place on another planet.= The story probably happens on another planet.这个故事可能发生在另一个星球上。2. Maybe he is friendly.= He may be friendly.或许他很友好。3. Why did you call yourself “Nobody”?=What did you name yourself for?4. Lets get out of here.=Let us not stay in the cave.5. Be careful!=Watch out!=Look out!6. When did you get to the station?=When did you arrive at the station?7. He replied to me quickly.=He answered me quickly.他很快地回答我。六、作文：明天是星期六，你们学校计划组织全校师生去太空博物馆（Space Museum）参观。假设你是班长，请你把这一活动口头通知同学们。Attention, please! I have something to tell you. Tomorrow is Saturday. Our school will have a visit to the Space Museum. Here are the arrangements(安排) for the visit. Were going to meet at 7:30 am at the school gate tomorrow. Then well take the bus to the Space Museum, and well ret