Roy高考系列讲座.doc

Roy高考系列讲座-（一）句子衔接加连词高考英语短文改错命题的一个重要方面就是考查连接手段，连词使用不当会造成上下句不衔接。英语中的词与词、句与句之间必须使用并列或从属连词。难点磁场1.（）It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.78. _ (NMET2002)2.（）The food was expensive and the service was good.84. _ (NMET2002)3.（）It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.84. _ (NMET2001)4.（） felt that they helped me understand what the world works.89. _(NMET2001春季)5.（）She was smiling but nodding at me.92. _(NMET2000)案例探究1.If the book you want is out, you may ask for it to be called back for you, and whether you pay the cost of sending a post card, the librarian will write to you.解析：此题为五星级题。whether改为If。此题考查if与whether作为连词的区别。此处为if引导的条件状语从句，表示“如果”；如用whether，则表示“是否”，语意不通。在下列情况下一般只用whether：引导介词后的宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句或在whether to do, whetheror not中。e.g.Whether well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.I asked him whether he would go or not.2.I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. 解析：此题为四星级题。此题考查定语从句中的非关系代词、副词的用法。where改为which。这是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语应由关系代词来充当，所以应将关系词where改为which。此句应改为：I live in Beijing, where there are lot of places of interest.先行词在定语从句为地点状语，所以应用关系副词where。如：e.g.This is a house that / which I visited yesterday.This is a house where I spent a happy childhood. 3.It is a very important exam but I cant afford to fail it解析：此题为五星级题。此题考查并列句之间的关系，在此两句为因果关系，所以根据句意，but改为so。 4.When I was on the stage the next day, I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf.(NMET2000)解析：此题为四星级题。考查sothat引导的结果状语从句。把as改为that,结果状语从句一般由so that，sothat，suchthat引导。e.g.The box is so heavy that nobody can move it.It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it.He got up later so that missed the first bus.锦囊妙计在连接手段上应侧重考虑：1.语句中的词与词、句与句之间必须使用并列或从属连词。2.若为并列句，要判断句与句之间的关系是并列、转折、选择、递进还是让步关系，从而选择恰当的连词。3.若为复合句，首先判断属于何种从句，然后根据主、从句之间的关系判断连接词使用是否准确或是否有遗漏或多余现象，要注意句子结构的完整性。歼灭难点训练1.（）When I talked to him, and I found that from childhood he had developed the habit of reading2.（）As you know, there are still some students, most of which are boys of science, learn English with much trouble.3.（）I realized that I had left soft drinks at the store but I ran out to get it before guests arrived.4.（）the only thing I think is that when Im going to get home to listen to a new piece.5.（）The question is,“How can we do about it ?”6.（）that old people should usually like to wear dark colored clothes, they are rather hard for drivers to make out from a distance.7.（）I take science though Im not good at remembering things.8.（）in order to find out that whether the environment of the country had been polluted.9.（）I found a most favourable point, and was just about to jump into the river while there came a cry.10.（）He liked to help young people who got into trouble, because he himself was often out of work.Roy高考系列讲座-（二） 需要摆平的平行结构在表达相互平行的概念时，要使用相同的语法结构，摆平平行结构是高考短文改错中出现频率较高的考查形式。 难点磁场1.()As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.80. _（NMET 2002）2.()I remembered her words and calm down.93. _ （NMET 2000）3.()I will spend the whole weekend reading and prepare for it. 86. _ (2000春季)4.() Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.90. _5.（） Modern people know more about health, have better find and to live in cleaner surroundings.84._ 案例探究1.It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.(NMET I996) 解析：此题为五星级题。drove改成drive。 因为to meetand to drive 是平行结构，同时在句中作主语。drive 可以视为省略了to。e.g. It is difficult for him to speak English and communicate with others in English.2.To answer correctly is more important than finish quickly. 解析：此题为五星级题。在finish 前加to。to finish quickly 与to answer quickly 是不定式的平行结构。e.g. To say is easier than to do.3.In many ways, riding a bicycle is a similar to drive a car.解析：此题为四星级题。drive 改为driving,riding 与driving 为动名词的平行结构。4.Psychology today is interesting; informative and easily to read.解析：此题为五星级题。easily 改为eresting ,informative and easy 为形容词的平行结构。e.g. We must solve this problem in a correct and friendly way.5.Not only do readers find the book useful, it also helped Jiang to learn more.解析：此题为五星级题。do 改为did。 因为not onlybut also 连接两个平行结构find 和help ,都为过去时态。not only 置与句首，应该倒装，借助于助动词did。锦囊妙计常考虑:1.动词与动词平行、形容词与形容词平行、分词与分词平行、不定式与不定式平行、短语与短语平行。2.平行结构经常借助于并列连词and, but, or或连词词组not onlybut also, notbut, eitheror,neithernor, as well as 等。歼灭难点训练1.（）The Indians of the Southwestern United States are famous for their beautiful art work, especially hand made jewelry cast in silver, carved out of stones, or decorate with beads and feathers.2.（）Go down to the shop and to buy a mouse-trap , but dont tell anyone what it is for!3.（）Shes famous not only in the United States but also on abroad.4.（）The full preparations if you make, the surer of success youll certainly be.5.（）A seeing-eye dog is a special dog that helps blind people walk along the streets and doing many other things.6.（）Day after day we see its light and feel its warm.7.（）He said it was best to stay until help arrived rather than to go into the forest and get lost.8.（）Charles and Linda Mason do all of these things as well as climbed building.9.（）Michael and Jack went to the same school and then the same university. 10.（）In many countries people put notices in newspapers if they are trying to get information or finding a house and the rooms that they can live in Roy高考系列讲座-（三） 难以捉摸的冠词冠词是英语中的特有的词类。由于汉语中没有与之对应的词，学生对其用法感到难以掌握，所以高考英语在短文改错中对冠词的考查几乎年年都有。难点磁场1.（） Ill take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday.89. _(2000春季高考)2.（） Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.91. _ (NMET2000)3.（） When I was a child, the rain was a mystery. 90. _ (2001 春季高考) 4.（） We may be on family and live under a same roof.82. _ (NMET2001)5.（）As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.76. _(NMET 2002)案例探究1.Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team.解析：此题为五星级题。captain 前面加the。如chairman, captain, monitor ,manager这类表示职位的名词，前面一般为零冠词，但如果这类职务指的是某人，前面要用定冠词。 e.g. We elected him monitor.He is the monitor of our class.2.I was about to rush out of the train station when a well-dressed old man took me by my arm.解析：此题为四星级题。把my 改成the。take sb. by the hand arm 为固定搭配。在固定句型hit sb. in the face,strike sb. on the head ,take sb. by the arm等中，身体各部位前一定用定冠词the。3.Good health is persons most valuable possession.解析：此题为四星级题。在persons 前加a。person 是可数名词，又是第一次提到，单数前应加不定冠词。A person 一个人；people为复数名词，但Chinese is a kind and hard-working people. man 作人类（mankind）讲时，不加冠词；但加冠词后，就变成具体的某个人了。e.g. mans knowledge of things is developing.4.Modern people know more than about the health.解析：此题为五星级题。去掉the。health 是抽象名词，又是不可数名词，故不可用定冠词。抽象名词和物质名词表示一般概念时，前面通常不用冠词，但特指时，则须用定冠词；如果表示一个具体情况或动作或某一物质时，前面可用不定冠词。e.g. Sending another satellites is a bib success for China.Its a great joy to live with all my old classmates.What a heavy rain！5.Alexander Braborn Bell is considered to invented telephone in 1876.解析：此题为五星级题。telephone 前加the。在讨论科技问题时，定冠词常和单数可数名词连用。在表示发明物的单数名词前加the。e.g. The compass was invented in China four thousand years ago.锦囊妙计不可数名词泛指时前面多冠词；单数可数名词前少冠词；不定冠词a, an与定冠词的错误使用；固定搭配中的冠词错误等等为高考常见的考点。歼灭难点训练1.（）while sweeping the room, she saw little mouse running across her floor.2.（）We think it bridge to the friendship between us and the people throughout the outside the world.3.（）After I finished the school this year ,I began to look for work.4.（）Last summer I spent a two-week vacation at my aunts.5.（）With smile ,the teacher drew two circles.6.（）Bob was very fond of the music when he was a child.7.（）Michale was walking along the street other day.8.（）Besides my work at the office, only thing that interests me is listening to music.9.（）One piece of cloth was black, and other piece was white. Roy高考系列讲座-（四） 时隐时现的介词介词是短文改错中的一大考点，而介词又是难掌握的一种词类。大多数介词都有多种用法，如介词at;不同的介词还可能有相似的用法如in the morning ,on Monday morning 等，而且介词的位置，介词和副词的区别，以及介词与连词的连用等都是学习中的难点也是高考中考查的热点。 难点磁场1.() Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel at the top of the mountain. 83. _ (NMET 2002)2.() I wont be able to come in this time. 87. _ (2000春季)3.()We practise for three times every week and often watch football match on TV together.87. _ 4.() Newly-published novels are always in great demand, and some books, for example, books for history.88. _5.（） The wild beast took no notice of her and went into the bedroom which he fell asleep on the carpet.84. _ (2002年模拟题)案例探究1.I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.(NMET 2002)解析：此题为五星级题。去掉at。 the moment 在此相当于as soon as ,the instant, immediately。译为“一就”,为连词; at the moment 是介词短语，意思是“此时此刻”。e.g. At the moment I missed my teacher very much.He recognized me the moment the instant immediately as soon as he saw me.2.We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves. (NMET 1998)解析：此题为四星级题。在ourselves前加of,此题意在考查instead 与instead of 的区别。instead 后加of ,译为“而不是”；instead 是副词，应放在句后译为“而是”。e.g.He is going to Shanghai instead of Beijing.He is not going to Beijing. He is going to Shanghai instead.3.but we do not seem to get much time to talk about together.解析：此题为五星级题。去掉介词about。因为talk 为不及物动词，跟宾语应加介词。而此句talk 后没有宾语，together 是状语，所以about 应去掉；此题另一种改法也可在about 后加it。4.Most of the large cities in the world have grown without plans, which London is a such one. 解析：此题为五星级题。在which 之前加among. which 引导了非限制性定语从句，先行词为the largest cities,所以定语从句应为：London is a such one among most of the largest cities. 故应在which 之前加介词among。e.g. He bought a computer, for which he paid 5 000 yuan.In the distance there are a lot of students, one of whom is an old friend of mine.锦囊妙计考虑介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配；及物动词后多介词或不及物动词后缺介词；英语中的固定句型及固定搭配。歼灭难点训练1. （）He found a book especially useful during the period of waiting: waiting meals ,buses2. （）To my surprise ,I suddenly realize that the joy of living does not come from what we search in life but comes from what we put into life.3. （）One day one of his friends lost his wallet and asked for Mark Twain to buy a railway ticket for him.4. （）Now several months later. I still hadnt found the job that I was interested. 5. （）He serves for people heart and soul.6. （）Inside, he found an elderly lady in whose eyesight was failing.7. （）Later, he persuaded them to send him to Paris which he studied for five years.8. （）In most Asia, it is possible to bargain for a good price with small store owner.9. （）You will probably also have to pay for a tale tax.Roy高考系列讲座-(五)一致现象不可忽视难点磁场1.()Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei Mountain in Sichuan. The three of them were very excited. 79. _ (NMET2002)2.()I used to love science classall of thembiology, chemistry, geography, physics.86. _(2001春季)3.()But then there is always more mysteries to look into.92. _ (NMET 2001春季)4.()Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library. 94. _ (NMET2000)5.()I am happy with any programme but the others spent a lot of time arguing92. _(NMET1999)案例探究1.Id like very much to come but I had an examination on Monday morning. (NMET 2000春季)解析：此题为五星级题。考查时态一致。had 改为have。动词的时态要与上下文的时态保持一致。根据全文时态，此句为一般现在时，所以had 应为have。2.Now someone at home reads instead. (NMET 1999)解析：此题为五星级题。考查代词上下文指代一致。someone 改为everyone或everybody。 本文意思是：既然电视机卖了，全家每个人都没法看了，现在都改成读书了。根据代词指代内容要与指代的意义上一致的原则，这里指代的是家里的每一个人即：everyoneeverybody。3.A seeing-eye dog is a special dog that help blind people walk along the streets and doing many other things.解析：此题为五星级题。此题考查代词所指代的内容要与该先行词保持一致的原则。A special dog 是先行词，that 指代a special dog,在定语从句中作主语，所以help 应与先行词在数上保持一致。help改为helps。e.g. He is one of the students who have been to the Great Wall in his class.He is the only one of the students who has been to the Great Wall in his class.4.Dad, as well as Mom and I, are with you.解析：此题为四星级题。此题考查主谓一致原则。 as well as 连接两个主语，谓语动词应与前面的主语一致。are改为is。e.g. Tom as well as two of his students was invited