人教版高一英语必修一Unit1-2知识梳理.doc

必修一Unit1 -Unit2知识梳理I词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. join / join in / take part in / attend【解释】join 表示参加组织、党派、团体、军队、俱乐部等join in 表示参加游戏、活动等；join sb. (in sth.) 表（和某人一起）做某事take part in表示参与、参加讨论、游行、比赛、战斗、斗争、运动、庆祝等attend 主要指出席、参加会议、婚礼；听讲座、课、报告、音乐会等；上学、教堂【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Can I _ the game?2). Did you _ the fighting?3). He _ the army last year.4). A lot of people _ her wedding.2. voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour【解释】voyage: 去国外或较远地方的海上旅行journey: 指较远的从一地到另一地旅行travel: 一系列的旅程，尤指旅行的概念trip: (短途)旅行tour: 为了公务、娱乐或教育参观多处名胜的旅行【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). It is tiring to take a long _ by train from Paris to Moscow.2). The _ from England to Australia used to take several months.3). Well have time for a _ to Wenzhou next weekend.4). We went on a guided _ round the castle.3. recognize/realize/know(1)recognize 指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又重新认出来。(2)realize 强调在经过一个过程后的了解。(3)know 是延续性动词，指互相间十分熟悉、十分了解 (1)Only after you lose your health will you _ the importance of health.(2)Ive _ Tom for years.(3)I _ him as soon as he came into the room4. such as/for example/that is/and so on(1)such as 用于列举事物时常放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间，且其后不用逗号，直接跟所列举的事物，可与 like互换。它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提的事物的总和 (2)for example 主要用于举例说明，其前后多用符号隔开。其位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末(such as只能位于所列举的事物之前)。(3)that is 相当于 namely，它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事物的总和。(4)and so on 对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用.and so on进行概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出了。(1)My daughter studies four subjects in school, _， Chinese, maths, English and PE.(2)_, I have problems with proofreading. (3)He can speak some other languages, _ French and German.(4)I bought some books, pens, erasers _ .5. especially/ specially【解释】especially意思是“尤其，特别”，表达事物的不寻常或特别重要specially 指为了某一目的，专门做某事【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Our city is very beautiful, _ in spring. 我们城市很美丽，尤其在春天。2). He came here _ to ask you for help. 他是专程来这里向你求助的。6 a number of / the number of【解释】a number of意思是“若干；许多”，谓语动词用 复数the number of意思是“的数目”，谓语动词用 单数【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Today _ people learning Chinese in the world is raising rapidly.2). _ books in the market are 55.II词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1. ignore vt. 忽视ignorance n. 无知ignorant adj.无知的2. dusk n. 黄昏; 傍晚dusky. adj.昏暗的; 黑暗的 【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) I cant _ his rudeness any longer. (ignore)2) To say you were _ of the rules is no excuse. ( ignore)3）We are in complete _ of your plans. (ignore)4）There is _ light inside the cave. (dusk)5）The street lights come on at _ and go off at dawn. (dusk)1. actual adj. 实际的actually adv. 实际上；事实上2. base n. 基地；基础base v. 以为根据basic adj. 基本的3. east n. 东方eastern adj. 东方的；东部的【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) What did he _ say? (actual)2) The _ cost was much higher than we had expected. (actual)3）My knowledge of physics is pretty _. (base)4）She used her familys history as a _ for her novel. (base)5）This novel is _ on historical facts. (base)语言点Unit1重点词汇1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的；不适的 vt. (upset, upset ) 现在分词 _ 重点用法be upset about / over为某事烦恼练习 用upset的适当形式填空1). She felt rather _ about her illness.2). This problem really _ her. 3). Dont be _. It will be OK.2. concern v. 担忧; 涉及; 关系到 n. 担心，关注；（利害）关系典例 1). The news concerns your brother. 这消息与你兄弟有关。2). The boys poor health concerned his parents. 那男孩健康状况不佳,使他的父母亲忧虑。 重点用法as / so far as be concerned 关于；至于；就而言be concerned about 关心be concerned with 与相关 练习 介词填空1). The children are rather concerned _ their mothers health. 2). This book is concerned _ Chinese history.3.settle安家, 定居;解决; 决定; 调停; 支付, 结算 【原句回放】 She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place. EX: 写出划线部分内容的中文意思A. After years of travel, we decided to settle here. _B.Its time you settled your dispute with him. _C.The account is not yet settled. _词组 settle the problem= solve the problem4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历1). Do you _ headaches? 你常头痛吗? ). We_ in the financial crisis. 我们在金融危机中损失惨重。 重点用法suffer from 感到疼痛 不适 悲伤等; 受苦; 吃苦头:5. disagree vi. 不同意用法 Disagree with sb on sth典例 1). _即便是朋友也有时意见不一。2). We disagreed _ future plans. 我们对未来的计划产生了分歧。重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. add up 加起来add () to . （把什么）加入中 add up to 加起来是练习 用add的适当形式或构成的词组填空1). Will you _ some more students to this project? 2). Small numbers _ a large one. 3). 50 _ 50 equals 100. 2. go through 经历；经受_ 她最近经历了一段困难时期。区别：go through强调经历，一般翻译为“经历”，suffer from一般指指的是遭受不幸或疾病拓展get through通过，做完 get through的用法写出划线部分的中文意思Tom gets through plenty of work in the morning。_I get through every subject except biology_3. in order to 为了（可置于句首或句中）（后跟短语）1). She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早, 图的是得个好座位。2). I agreed to her suggestion in order not to upset her. 我同意她的建议是为了不让她伤心。短语归纳 in order that以便（后跟句子）so that以便（后跟句子） 练习 中译英他早早动身好按时到达。_重点句子1.It is . doing.【原句回放】Its no pleasure looking through these any longer. 观看这些已经不再是乐趣。 【点拨】 在这个句子中，It 是形式主语，looking through these是真正的主语。Its no pleasure后面如果接动词形式的话，一定是接doing形式。【拓展】类似结构：It is no use doing 做没用 It is no good doing sth. 做某事不好/没用上面几个句型结构都是“名词+ doing”的形式。 翻译-整天玩电脑不好 . _ 2.It is/was the first/ second/ .time that+现在完成时/过去完成时-表示“某人第几次做某事”。It is the+ first/ second/ .time that+现在完成时It was the first/ second/ .time that+ 过去完成时这是我第一次来中国。It was my first time that _Unit 21. present n. 礼物 adj. 在场的；目前的vt. 赠送 典例 指出下列语句中present 词性并翻译语句1). The mountain bike is a birthday present from my parents.（ ）_2) All the people were present at the party. （ ）_3)My brother presented me with a doll on my birthday party.（ ）_ 重点用法at present=at the present time=now 目前，现在be present at 出席；到场(反义： be absent from)present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送给某人2. command n.& v. 命令；指令；掌握a.Command sb to do The officer _fire. 那名军官命令士兵们开火。b.have a good command of 精通take command of 指挥特别提醒 command后接that从句时要用虚拟语气练习 用适当的词填空1). He _ a good command of French2). The police arrived and _ command _ the situation.3. request n.& v. 请求；要求。重点用法request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事request that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事 He requested me _ (write) a letter of recommendation. He requested that I _(write) a letter of recommendation. The passengers _(request) to show their passports.请乘客出示护照。be requested (not) to do 被要求要/被要求不要，请不要扩展=联想：像command一样，其后的名词性从句的谓语用“(should)+ 动词原形”的常用词有：一个“坚持(insist)”；两个“命令(order，command)”；三个“建议(suggest，advise，propose)”；四个“要求(demand，ask，require，request)”；4. block vt. 堵塞；阻碍n. 街区；木块；石块典例 1). He lives three blocks away from here. _ 2). A large crowd blocked the entrances and exits. _重点用法a block of 一大块 (ice/ cheese) block out 堵住 5.native adj. 本地的，出生地的；天赋的n. 本地人；出生于某国的人be native to.原产于某地a native of当地人/产于的动/植物( (1)The tiger _ India.这种虎产于印度。(2)He is _ Beijing.他是北京人。重点词组 1.come up走近；上来；被提出;发芽 短语归纳come across邂逅 come about发生come up with提出 / come up 被提出 练习 用come构成的词组填空。1）How did the accident _?2). The engineers has _ new ways of saving energy.3). They _ an old school friend in the street this morning.3). It is certain that the question will _ at the meeting.2. make use of 利用；使用典例 1). You ought to make good use of any opportunity to practise English. 你应该好好利用机会练习英语。短语归纳make good use of 好好利用make full use of 充分利用 make the best/most of 充分利用练习要充分利用一切机会说英语。. Every chance should _speak English. 3. play a part (in) 扮演一个角色；参与= Play a role in 区别-take part (in sth)参加, 参与（某事物 She _in the success of the scheme. 她对该计划的成功起了重要作用。How many countries will _in the World Cup？有多少国家要参加（世界杯赛）？4. because of 因为