新外研版九年级上册Module 1 Wonders of the world 全解.doc

Module 1 Wonders of the world 世界奇观 知识目标必记单词natural adj. 大自然的discussion n.讨论loud adj. (声音)响亮的beside prep. 在.旁边shine v. 照耀silver adj. 银灰色的remain v. 逗留；留下wonder n. 奇观；奇迹though conj. 虽然；尽管grey adj. 灰色的reply v. 回答；答复below prep. 在.以下nearly adv. 几乎；差不多stream n.小河，小溪常考短语in ones opinion 按某人的意见，在某人看来millions of 成千上万的on top of 在.上面at the top 在顶端look forward to 盼望着more than 超过go through 穿过fall away 突然向下倾斜because of 因为经典句型1. Ive never seen it, so Im not sure I agree with you. 我从未看过它，因此我不能确定我同意你的意见。2. I looked to the east - the sky was becoming grey. 我望着东方天空变得灰蒙蒙的。3. Am I going the right way? 我走的路对吗？4. . youll get there in five minutes. .五分钟后你会到达那儿。重点语法英语六大时态模块大归纳短语归纳 1. wonders of the world 世界奇观2. Join in 加入3. on the eastern coast of. 在.的东海岸4. in ones opinion 据某人看来5. millions of 无数的6. be interested in. 对.感兴趣7. become grey 变成灰色8. get out of 从.出来9. go through 穿过，从头至尾地练习10. fall away 突然向下倾斜11. look over 从（某物上面）看过去；仔细检查12. look across 眺望13. look down 俯视；向下看14. on top of 在.顶部15. at the bottom of 在.的底部16. on both sides 在两边17. look like 看起来像18. be famous for 以.闻名19. do an interview 做采访20. draw a picture of 画一幅.的图画21. go down 下去，下沉，沉落22. high up 在高处23. wait for 等候24. more than 超过25. dozens of 许多26. in height 高度；在高度上用法集萃1. agree with sb. 同意某人2. agree to do sth. 同意做某事3. would like to do sth. 想去做某事4. in+一段时间 在.(多长时间)之后5. have/has been to 去过6. have/has gone to 去了7. because of +名词 因为.8. without doing sth. 没有做某事9. be afraid of doing sth./be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事10. one of +the +形容词最高级可数名词复数 最.的.之一11. look forward to doing sth. 盼望着做某事Unit 1 Its more than 2,000 years old. 它有2000多年的历史了要点全解1. Which two are natural wonders? 哪两个是自然奇观？（教材第2页）(1) natural 形容词，意为“大自然的”。其名词形式为nature, 意为“大自然，自然界”。We visited a natural museum. 我们参观了一个自然博物馆。(2) wonder在此为可数名词，意为“奇观；奇迹”。The Great Wall is a great man-made wonder of the world. 长城是世界上一个伟大的人造奇观。拓展 (1) wonder还可作动词，意为“想知道；对.感到好奇”。 I wonder what they were doing here. 我想知道他们正在这里做什么。(2) wonder 的形容词形式为wonderful, 意为“极好的，精彩的”。I think he is a wonderful actor. 我认为他是个出色的演员。2. Lets call Wonders of the World and join in the discussion. 咱们给世界奇观节目打电话，加入讨论吧。 （教材第2页）join in 意为“参加”，指参加某项活动。Why didnt you join in the talk last night?昨晚你为什么没有参加座谈？辨析：join in, join与take part injoin in多指参加小规模的活动，如“球赛、游戏、讨论”等Would you like to join in the ball game?你想来参加球赛吗？join指加入党派、组织或社会团体，并成为其中的一员His elder brother joined the army one year ago. 他哥哥是一年前参军的。take part in指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动等Will you take part in the spotrs meeting next week?你下周要参加运动会吗？join in 加入活动 join 加入组织take part in 参加活动且发挥作用3. Hm, Ive never seen it, so Im not sure I agree with you. 嗯，我从未看过它，因此我不能确定我同意你的意见。（教材第2页）sure 形容词，意为“确信的，有把握的，一定的，无疑的”。“be sure +that 从句”表示“确信.”.Im sure that I can pass the exam. 我确信我能通过考试。拓展be sure of 意为“对.有把握，肯定.”.He is sure of his success.他对成功很有把握。4. That sounds great, though I think Victora Falls in Africa are even more fantastic. 它（巨人之路）很神奇，但我认为非洲的维多利亚瀑布更壮观。 （教材第2页）(1) sound用作连系动词，意为“听起来”，其后跟形容词或名词作表语。常见搭配：sound like 意为“听起来像”。The music sounds very beautiful. 这音乐听起来很优美。That may not sound like fun to you. 那对你来说可能没那么有趣。拓展sound 作名词时，意为“声音”。泛指自然界的一切声音。Sound goes more slowly than light. 声音的传播速度比光慢。I like listening to the sound of the wind. 我喜欢听风声。助记英语中的连系动词一是(be),二感（feel），三保持（keep）,起来四个（sound, look, smell, taste）好像(seem)变了仨（get, turn, become）.(2013.山东临沂)- Do you know the song Gangnam Style?- Of course. It interesting.A. tastes B.smells C.sounds D.feels解析：taste “尝起来”； smell “闻起来”；sound “听起来”；feel“摸起来；觉得”。本句中代词it指代上句中提到的江南style这首歌，歌曲与听觉相关，故用连系动词sound，句意：“你知道江南style这首歌吗？ “当然知道。它听起来很有趣。” 答案： C（2） though连词，意为“虽然；尽管”，可与although相互替换，用来引导让步状语从句。Though/Although my grandpa is old, he looks very strong and healthy. 虽然我爷爷年事已高，但他看上去很健壮。注意：but有“但是”之意，但不能与though/although出现在同一句话中，两者只能用其一。(2013.杭州) I think hes been drinking, Im not completely sure.A. if B.though C.until D.as答案：B5. It produces electricity for millions of people in China. 它为中国数百万人提供电力。（教材第2页）millions of 意为“成千上万的”。There are millions of stars in the sky. 天空中有数百万颗星星。拓展millon名词，意为“百万”。当hundred, thousand 和million等词与具体的数字连用表示确切数目时要用单数形式；但当它们指的是不确切的数目时，必须用复数形式，且后面接介词of，意为“数以.计的”。There are about two million people in the city. 这个城市大约有两百万人。There are thousands of people on the street. 街上有成千上万的人。(2012.山东临沂） Did you know that the earth is home to animals?A. million B.millions C.million of D.millions of答案：D6. Betty and Daming are more interested in man-made wonders. 贝蒂和大明对人造奇观更感兴趣。（教材第3页）be interested in 为固定短语，意为“对.感兴趣”。Both my elder brother and I are interested in football. 我和哥哥都对足球感兴趣。辨析：interested和interesting(1) interested “感兴趣的”，在句中只用作表语，主语为人；表示人对某事或某物感兴趣，后面用介词in.He is interested in that movie. 他对那部电影感兴趣。(2) interesting “令人感兴趣的”，作表语或定语，表示某事或某物本身具有令人感兴趣的特征。We had a long and interesting talk. 我们进行了一次很有意思的长谈。Unit 2 The Grand Canyon was not just big. 大峡谷不仅仅是大1. I looked to the east - the sky was becoming grey. 我望着东方天空变得灰蒙蒙的。（教材第4页）become grey 意为“变成灰色；变成灰白色”。此处become为连系动词，意为“变得”，后接形容词作表语。His hair has become grey. 他的头发已变成灰白色了。2. I got out of the car, went through a gate and walked along a dark path. 我朝车内出来，穿过大门，沿着漆黑的小路往前走。（教材第4页）go through 意为“穿过，通过”，强调从物体内部通过。Cars are not allowed to go through the city centre. 汽车被禁止从市中心穿行。辨析：through和acrossthrough介词指从物体内部通过He went through the forest the next day.第二天他穿过了森林。across介词指从物体表面的一边到另一边We went across the road.我们穿过了马路。3. “Yes,” he replied, “youll get there in five minutes.” “是的，”他回答，“五分钟后你会到达那儿。”（教材第4页）(1) reply此处为不及物动词，意为“回答；答复”。其同义词为answer.构成短语reply to, 意为“答复，回答”。He reply that he would not do that. 他回答说他不愿做那件事。Did he reply to you? 他给你回复了吗？辨析：reply与answeranswer和reply都可以作不及物动词，都有回答的意思，有时可以通用。但replay比answer正式，一般指经过思考的、有针对性的、较详细的答复。The girl cried, but didnt answer/reply.那个女孩哭了，但没回答。answer和reply都可以作及物动词，意为“答道，回答说”。但是两者有明显区别：answer可以直接跟名词、代词和宾语从句；而reply只能跟宾语从句或直接引语，不能直接跟人或物（sb./sth.）作宾语，但作不及物动词用的reply加介词to后可跟人或物，意为“对.作出回答”。He answered/replied that he didnt know the person.他回答说，他不认识那个人。Can you anwer him? 你能答复他吗？Please reply to my question. 请回答我的问题。answer和reply都可作名词，意为“回答，答复”，一般都可通用。I aked him, but he gave no reply.我问了他，但他没有回答。(2) in five minutes 意为“五分钟之后”，“in+时间段”表示“多久之后”，常用于一般将来时的句子中。对其提问时，用how soon(多久之后)。Hell get there in two days.他两天后会到达那里。How soon will he be back?他要多久才回来？In half an hour.半小时以后。4. I looked over them, but it was silent and there was no sign of it. 我朝那片岩石望过去，但是一片寂静，还是看不见它。（教材第4页）look over 意为“从.上面看过去”。He stood and looked over the bridge.他站起来从桥上望过去。拓展look over 还可意为“仔细检查”。The doctor began to look over Mrs. Brown.医生开始检查布朗夫人。5. Far below me, the ground fell away and down to a river.在我下面的远处，地面（仿佛在随光线）向下延伸，（逐渐）退落，显露出谷底的河流。（教材第4页）(1) below作介词，意为“在.以下；低于”。反义词为above, 意为“超过；在.之上”。It was five below zero last night. 昨夜温度是零下五度。There is a bridge below the waterfall. 在瀑布下面有一座桥。(2) fall away 意为“突然向下倾斜”。I saw the hill fall away before me down to the sea.我看见前面这座小山渐渐向下倾斜，延伸到海里。6. I looked down to the Colorado River, a silver stream nearly one mile below me. 我俯瞰科罗拉多河，一条在我下方差不多一英里的银色的溪流。（教材第4页）look down意为“俯瞰，往下看”。We looked down from the mountain to the valley below. 我们从山上俯瞰下面的山谷。拓展look down与on或upon连用时，意为“看不起”。You should never look down on poor people.你永远不应该瞧不起穷人。7. .and on both sides the canyon went far away for more than 200 miles. .在两边，大峡谷延伸超过200英里。（教材第4页）both在此为形容词，意为“两者，两者都”，其后接名词复数。Both girls are from Britain. 两个女孩都来自英国。拓展(1) both作代词时，通常位于连系动词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前，其后可跟of短语。They are both good swimmers. 它们两个都是游泳好手。We both like playing baketball. 我们两个都喜欢打篮球。Both of them are good students. 它们俩都是好学生。(2) both.and. 意为“.和.都”。Both Jim and Tom are my good friends.吉姆和汤姆都是我的好朋友。He can speak both English and French. 他既会说英语，也会说法语。辨析：both与allboth表示“两者都”His parents are both teachers.他的父母都是老师。all表示“三者或三者以上都”Are all the students here today?今天所有的学生都到了吗？（2013. 江苏泰州）Have you got anything to do this afternoon, Lucy and Lily?Yes. of us are going to the home for the elderly.A. Each B. Either C. Both D. All解析：each“每个，各个”；either “两者中任何一个”；both“两者都”；all“三者或三者以上都”。由谓语动词are知主语为复数，故排除A、B两项；由问句中的对象Lucy和Lily为两者可知需用both。答语句意是“是的，我们两个将要去老年公寓”。 答案：C 8. It is famous for. 它以.而闻名。（教材第5页）be famous for 意为“以.而出名”China is famous for the long history.中国因历史悠久而闻名。辨析：be famous for, be famous as 与be famous tobe famous for其后一般跟事物，表示“因/由于.而闻名”France is famous for its fine food and wine.法国以其精美的事物和葡萄酒而闻名。be famous as其后一般跟表示职业或身份的词，表示“作为.而出名”Mo Yan is famous as a great writer.莫言作为一名伟大的作家而出名。be famous to其后一般跟人，表示“对.是熟悉的，为.所熟知”Yao Ming is famous to most young people.姚明为大多数年轻人所熟悉。Unit 3 Language in use 1. I(2) (be) afraid of going to the top of tall buildings, so I was a little nervous as we (3) (wait) for the lift. 我 （是）害怕到高楼顶部，因此当我们 （等候）电梯的时候，我有点儿紧张。（教材第7页）afraid形容词，意为“担心的；害怕的”。Afraid在句中一般作表语，不用在名词前面作定语。Im afraid we cant come here on time. 我担心我们不能准时来这儿。拓展(1) be afraid to do sth. 意为“害怕做某事”。Im afraid to travel by plane. 我害怕乘飞机旅行。(2) be afraid of sb./sth. 意为“害怕某人/某事”；be afraid of doing sth. 意为“害怕做某事”。Some children are afraid of the dark. 有些小孩怕黑。Dont be afraid of asking questions. 不要害怕提问题。(3) Im afraid +从句，意为“恐怕.”。Im afraid I have to go now. 恐怕我得走了。2. The Jin Mao Tower in Shanghai, one of the tallest buildings in the world. 上海的金茂大厦，世界上最高的建筑之一.（教材第7页）one of . 意为“.之一”，后面接名词或代词的复数形式； “one of +the+形容词的最高级可数名词的复数形式”意为“最.的.之一”。Yi Jianlian is one of the most famous basketball players in China.易建联是中国最著名的篮球运动员之一。注意：(1) one of +可数名词复数=a/an+可数名词单数of+名词性物主代词或名词所有格。one of my photos= a photo of mine 我的一张照片one of the boys habits = a habit of the boys 这个男孩的一个习惯(2) one of 短语作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。One of my classmates goes there by bike. 我的一个同学骑自行车去那儿。3. Looking forward to 盼望着 （教材第8页）look forward to意为“期待；盼望”，其中to为介词，其后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。I look forward to your good news. 我等待你的好消息。Im looking forward to hearing from you soon. 我盼望早日收到你的来信。（2013. 四川广安）Im looking forward to my parents soon. What about you?Me too.A. seeing B.see C.saw D.seen答案： A4. There are dozens of stones, and they are different in height. 那儿有很多巨石，它们高度不一。（教材第9页）(1) dozens of 意为“许多的，大量的”。I have been there dozens of times. 我去过那儿许多次了。拓展dozen 可数名词，意为“（一）打，十二个”。The eggs in that store sell for 22 dollars a dozen. 那家商店的鸡蛋卖22美元一打。(2) in height 意为“高度；在高度上”。The basketball player is almost 2 meteres in height. 那个篮球运动员差不多有2米高。5. It is a wonder also because of this question:. 它之所以成为一种奇观，也是由于这个问题:.（教材第9页） 辨析：because of 与becausebecause of后可跟名词、代词、动名词或名词短语，不能接句子He lost his job because of his age.由于年龄问题他失去了工作。because连词，意为“因为”，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由I didnt buy the T-shirt because it was too expensive. 我没买这件T恤衫是因为它太贵了。（2013. 四川宜宾）Mo Yans books have been sold out in many book stores his winning of the Nobel Literature Prize. A.because B.since C.as D.because of解析： because意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句；since意为“自从；既然”；as意为“当.时候，作为”； because of意为“由于”，后接名词（短语）或代词。 答案：D模块语法时态时态是英语动词的一个语法概念，它跟语态、语气一样，都是通过变化动词的形式来准确表达句子含义的。学英语必须学好时态，因为时态清楚地说明了这个动作发生的时间。在初中阶段，我们必须掌握最基本的六种时态：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时知识总结：时态的构成 （以play为例） 一 般进 行完 成现 在play / playsam/ is/ are playinghas / have played过 去playedwas / were playinghad played将 来shall/ will playis/ am/ are going to play（过去将来时）should / would playwas/ were going to play1. 一般现在时的用法（1）表示经常发生的动作或者经常存在的状态。经常和表示时间的状语often，always，usually，sometimes，every day等连用。 例如：My sister usually goes to school on foot. 我姐姐经常步行去上学。 We often come to school at six in the morning. 我们经常在早上六点到学校。（2）表示某种习惯或者能力，也可以表示职业、特征等。 例如：My mother often gets up very early in the morning. 我的妈妈经常在早上起床很早。 This kind of car runs very fast. 这种小汽车跑得非常快。（3）表示客观事实、客观规律或者客观真理。 例如：This kind of trees never grows in the desert. 这种树从来不在沙漠里生长。 Do you know that knowledge is power? 你知道知识就是力量吗？（4）在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，表示将来的动作。 例如：Theyll be so happy when I tell them. 我告诉他们时，他们会很高兴的。 If you arent here on time tomorrow, Ill write to your parents. 如果你明天不准时到，我就给你父母亲写信。注意：（1）一般现在时的第三人称单数：在一般现在时中，如果句子的主语是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词用其第三人称单数形式。 例如：My father often watches TV after dinner at home. 我的爸爸经常在晚饭后在家看电视。（2）一般现在时的谓语如果是实义动词，其否定句和一般疑问句要用助动词do，第三人称单数用does，doesnt来构成。 例如：My little brother doesnt do his homework at school. 我的小弟弟不在学校做家庭作业。2. 一般过去时的用法：（1）表示过去经常发生的动作或者过去经常存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday，just now，a moment ago，last week/ year/ night，in 1985，in those days，when I was at middle school等连用。 例如：They went to college last year. 他们是去年上大学。 We had a good time in the park yesterday. 我们昨天在公园玩得很高兴。（2）表示过去接连发生的一系列动作。 例如：We played football first，then went boating and fishing,，and at last had a picnic there. 我们先踢足球，然后去划船、钓鱼。最后我们在那里野餐。（3）在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，表示过去将来的动作。 She told me that she would not leave until I came back. 她告诉我直到我回来她才会离开。注意：（1）表示过去经常或反复的动作，而现在却不这样做了，也可以用used to +动词原形来表示。 例如：I used to get up very late. 我过去总是起床很晚。（2）如果主句的谓语动词是现在完成时，since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。 例如：We have made a lot of friends since we came here. 自从我们来到这里以来已经交了很多的朋友。（3）谈论某人的出生日期经常用一般过去时。 例如：When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？ I was born in 1983. 我出生于1983年。3. 一般将来时的用法：表示将来发生的动作或者存在的状态。常和表示将来的时间状语，如tomorrow，next week/ year/ month，this afternoon/ evening，tonight，in a few days，when he comes等连用。一般将来时的构成：1） will/shall动词原形 2）be going to动词原形。其中shall常用于第一人称的疑问句。例如：Ill come and help you tomorrow. 我明天来帮助你。He will go to Beijing and see his father next week. 他下个星期去北京看他的爸爸。注意：（1）shall一般和第一人称的代词连用构成shall I或者shall we的一般疑问句，用来询问对方的意图和愿望，征求别人同意等。 例如：Shall we go swimming this afternoon? 今天下午我们去游泳好吗？（2）助动词shall引起的一般疑问句征求别人同意时，回答不能用Yes, you shall或者No, you shall not，应该用Yes, please do.或者No, please dont. 例如：Shall I close the window? 我把窗户关上好吗？ No, please dont.不，别关。（3）be going to+动词原形，常用来表示已经决定或安排要做的事，也用于表示必然或很可能发生的事。 例如：They are going to finish the work this evening. 他们打算今天晚上完成这项工作。 Its going to snow. 要下雪了。4. 现在进行时的用法：（1）表示此时此刻正在发生的动作，经常与时间状语now，at present，at this time/ moment等连用。 例如：The boys are playing football over there now. 这些男孩子们正在那边踢足球。 My father is watching TV with my mother now. 我的爸爸正在和妈妈一起看电视。（2）表示现阶段正在进行着的动作，但不一定在说话时正在进行。经常与now，these days等时间状语连用。 例如：I am learning French in Beijing these days. 这些天我正在北京学法语。（3）一些瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示一般将来时表示“即将”，常有表示将来的时间状语。常用的这类动词有come，leave，go，arrive，die等。 例如：Hurry up! The bus is coming. 快点！公共汽车马上就要开了。 He is coming back tomorrow. 他明天会回来。5. 现在完成时的用法：（1）表示动作发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响或者结果，而这种影响或者结果往往是说话人的兴趣所在。常用的状语有already, yet, not yet, now, just,so far, by this time,ever, never, before等。 例如：The bus has come here. 公共汽车已经来了。 Someone has cleaned the window. 有人已经擦了窗户。（2）表示过去已经开始，持续到现在而且可能继续下去的动作。常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如for +一段时间；since +点时间/句子；today, this week/ month/ summer, lately, recently, these days, in the past few days等。例如： We have lived here for two years. 我们在这里住了两年了。注意：（1）buy，borrow，die等非延续性动词（也称为瞬间动词）的肯定形式一般不能和表示一段时间的for短语及since短语（或从句）连用，这时要用相应的动词代替这些非延续性动词。例如：() I have bought the bike for two years. () I have had the bike for two years. 由于buy是瞬间动词，无法延续两年，所以改为延续性动词had。瞬间动词与延续动词的转换：buyhavestopbe overleavebe awaycome backbe backborrowkeep diebe dead beginbe onfall asleepbe asleeparrivebe hereget upbe up joinbe inbe a member例如：They borrowed the book two weeks ago. They have kept the book for two weeks A month has passed since he left home. He has been away from home for a month.（2）注意以下表示法的含义及用法：have been (to): 曾经去过或到过（某地）（表示某人过去的经历）have gone (to)：去（某地）了 （现在可能在途中或已经到达某地）have been in +一段时间: 已呆在某地一段时间了例如：He has been to Hangzhou several times. 他到过杭州几次了。He has gong to Hangzhou, so he cant help us. 他去杭州了，所以他不可能帮助我们。She has been in London for half a year. 她在伦敦已经半年了。（3）现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的结果、影响等，所以不能和表示过去的时间状语连用；一般过去时只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系，可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：Have you seen the film? Yes, I have. (表示结果：已经看过了，因此了解了这部电影)When did you see it? I saw it last Sunday. (表示事实：过去做的一件事的时间)He has taught this class for two years. （现在仍教着，或者刚刚停止）He taught this class for two years. （过去教过）6. 过去进行时的用法：表示说话的过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。这一特定时间除了有上下文暗示外，经常和表示过去时间的状语then，a moment ago，at this time yesterday，at ten last night，at that time/ moment等连用。例如：What were you doing at this time yesterday? 昨天这个时候你正在做什么？I was cooking with my mother. 我正和我妈妈一起做饭。语法专练单项选择。1. The violin will have to be tuned before it _.A. is played B. should play C. plays D. is being played2. I _ with some friends until I find a flat.A. am living B. live C. have lived D. will have lived3. All the preparations for the task _, and were ready to start.A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been completed 4. You _ television. Why not do something more active? A. always watch B. are always watching C. have always watch