人教版选修七Unit 3 Under the sea reading课时作业（10）.docx

unit 3 under the sea reading课时作业.阅读理解adinerstony sopranos last mealbetween 1912 and the 1990s, new jersey state was home to more than 20 diner manufacturers who made probably 95 percent of the diners in the u.s., says katie zavoski, who is helping hold a diner exhibit. what makes a diner a diner? (and not,say, a coffee shop?) traditionally, a diner is built in a factory and then delivered to its own town or city rather than constructed on-site. zavoski credits new jerseys location as the key to its mastery of the form. “it was just the perfect place to manufacture the diners,” she says. “we would ship them wherever we needed to by sea.”visit “icons of american culture:history of new jersey diners”, running through june 2017 at the cornelius house/middlesex county museum in piscataway, new jerseygood food, good tunessuzanne vegas 1987 song “toms diner” is probably best known for its frequently sampled “doo doo doo doo” melody (旋律) rather than its diner-related lyrics. technically, its not even really about a dinerthe setting is new york citys toms restaurant, which vega frequented when she was studying at barnard. vega used the word “diner” instead because it “sings better that way”, she told the new york times. november 18 has since been called toms diner day, because on that day in 1981, the new york posts front page was a story about the death of actor william holden. in her song vega sings:“and i open up the paper/theres a story of an actor who had died while he was drinking.”listen “toms diner” by suzanne vegameet the diner anthropologistrichard j.s. gutman has been called the “jane goodall of diners” (he even consulted on barry levinsons 1982 film, diner). his book, american diner:then & now, traces the evolution of the “night lunch wagon”, set up by walter scott in 1872, to the early 1920s, when the diner got its name (adapted from “dining car”), and on through the 1980s. gutman has his own diner facilities (floor plans, classic white mugs,a cashiers booth);250 of these items are part of an exhibit in rhode island.read american diner:then & now(john hopkins university press)visit “diners:still cooking in the 21st century”, currently running at the culinary arts museum at johnson & wales university in providence, rhode island1.in what way is a diner different from a coffee shop?a.its location.b.its management.c.from what it is built.d.where it is constructed.2.what do we know about vegas 1987 song “toms diner”?a.it warns people not to drink.b.it was inspired by toms diner day.c.its melody is preferred to its lyrics.d.its original title was toms restaurant.bi was always that kid in school, the one whose notes were color-coded in shorthand only i could read. in college, everyone said taking notes on a laptop was superior. recently, princeton university teamed up with ucla (university of california at los angeles) to test this scientifically, and the results were puzzling.experimenters assigned college students to hear the same lecture, but either in a classroom equipped with notebooks or one with laptops. after 30 minutes of note-taking, students took quizzes on retention (记忆力) of facts (dates, statistics, etc) and concepts (comprehension, making connections).while students using laptops were likely to take more notes and copy exactly what teachers said, they were less likely to retain information. laptop users memorized about the same number of facts as students who handwrote, but they performed worse when tested on ideas. this held true whether students were tested immediately or given a week to study.the main benefit of typing notes:its faster. this could actually be the problem. students who write their notes by hand are forced to paraphrase (释义) to keep up with professors speech. experts say that summarizing forces students to engage with material. they think about lectures more deeply, processing and committing them to memory. but when students can copy down information as quickly as its given, they passively transcribe (逐字打出来) lectures without thinking about their meanings.perhaps because it remains so popular, many tips and technologies optimize digital note-taking. for example, apps like evernote, freenote, and onenote have been available for years. they keep notes organized and even allow students to include pictures. experts also suggest using a stylus, which allows for extra speed while still committing notes to memory, a compromise between digital and handwritten notes. apps like noteshelf easily accommodate stylus users. and apps like epaper allow students to customize (订制) their notes appearances (which could have made color-coding much easier for me, back in the day).this research by princeton and ucla does not suggest that students should never use the keyboard to take notes. rather, it warns against transcribing lectures rather than closely listening.this, they say, is what causes digital notes to slip through the cracks of students brains.so, pens or keyboards? it isnt clear. technology can hurt students taking notes as much as it can help. but if apps and keyboards are used properly, not as a replacement for active thought but as an aid to it, the possibilities for note-taking are endless.3.in the experiment, compared to laptop users, students who handwrote .a.memorized fewer basic factsb.took more notes in a limited timec.showed a better understanding of ideasd.performed worse when tested immediately4.what is the main problem of typing notes?a.it affects active thinking.b.it makes sharing difficult.c.it needs much preparation time.d.it is bad for customizing notes appearance.5.the underlined word “this” in the last but one paragraph refers to “”.a.using keyboards to take notesb.typing lectures out mechanicallyc.paying less attention to the lecturesd.digital notes slipping through students brains easily6.what is the authors attitude towards typing notes?a.he is very fond of it.b.he is strongly against it.c.he feels it is worth a try.d.he thinks it can be beneficial.任务型阅读age has its privileges in america, and one of the most important of them is the senior citizen discount. eligibility(资格) is determined not by ones need but by the date on ones birth certificate. the discounts have become a routine part of many businessesas common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.people with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them;yet, millions of americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的). businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older americans. the practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” means “needy”. perhaps that once was true, but today elderly americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. to be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and many older americans are poor. but most of them arent.it is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. for many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. but in other cases, the discounts are given at the expense,directly or indirectly, of younger americans. moreover, they are a direct irritant(刺激物) in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations.generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over social security benefits, which mostly involve a transfer of resources from the young to the old. employment is another sore point. supported by laws and court decisions, more and more older americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the jobthereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a privilege to a group with millions of members who dont need them.it no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people cant take care of themselves and need special treatment, and they threaten the creation of a new myth that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older americans are fighting againstdiscrimination by age.outlinedetailsintroductionage determines whether an american can be given a discount, which is a common 7 in american business life today.origin of senior citizen discountssince the senior citizens are often treated as people who are in8,they are given such priority.9 situationthe situation has changed a lot where the majority of the elderly are not poor at all.younger americans were at a(n)10 directly or indirectly due to the discounts given to the elderly, thus leading to conflicts between generations.the number of older americans11 to work rather than retire is on the increase, which means 12 opportunities for young workers.it is no longer a kind of charity because millions of senior citizens dont need the priority 13 now.conclusionits unwise to offer discount priority to the elderly.it will mislead people to think they are unable to14 to themselves.people may think that they are ungrateful and theyre hurting the15 of other age groups.actually senior citizen discounts, to some extent,16 against their age.参考答案及解析.阅读理解a语篇解读本文为说明文,介绍了与美国小饭店历史有关的展览、歌曲和书籍。1.d细节理解题。根据what makes a diner a diner? (and not, say, a coffee shop?) traditionally, a diner is built in a factory and then delivered to its own town or city rather than constructed on-site.可知,小饭店在工厂建造,而咖啡屋就地建筑。选d。2.c推理判断题。根据suzanne vegas 1987 song “toms diner” is probably best known for its frequently sampled “doo doo doo doo” melody (旋律) rather than its diner-related lyrics.可知,这首歌是以旋律而不是歌词著称。选c。b语篇解读本文论述用电脑记笔记和手写记笔记的利弊。3.c细节理解题。根据第三段中的laptop users memorized about the same number of facts as students who handwrote, but they performed worse when tested on ideas.可知,相比于用笔记本电脑的学生,书写的学生对内容会有更好的理解。故选c。4.a细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句but when students can copy down information as quickly as its given, they passively transcribe (逐字打出来) lectures without thinking about their meanings.用电脑记笔记的主要问题是影响积极的思考。故选a。5.b词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段第二句rather, it warns against transcribing lectures rather than closely listening.相反,它反对复制讲座而不是仔细听,也就是要求仔细听而不是机械地打字。可知下文的this指的是机械地打字。故选b。6.d观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句but if apps and keyboards are used properly, not as a replacement for active thought but as an aid to it, the possibilities for note-taking are endless.可知,作者认为typing notes可以是有益的。故选d。.任务型阅读语篇解读本文探讨了美国社会老年人享受商品折扣这一特殊待遇的现象。作者提出很多老年人是拥有支付能力的,他们并不需要享受折扣。让他们享受商品折扣其实是牺牲了年轻人的利益,甚至会加剧两代人之间的冲突,从某种程度上来说,老年人享受折扣其实也是一种年龄歧视。7.practice考查信息转换。由第一段中的 “the discounts have become a routine part of many businessesas common as.”可知这是一种惯常行为,a common practice意为“惯常行为,常规做法”,因此用practice。8.need/poverty考查信息转换。由第二段中的the practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that“elderly”means“needy”可知老人享受折扣起因是认为老年人有需要,也就是贫穷。因此用need/poverty。9.present/current考查信息归纳。由右栏中提到的四点可以看出此处是说目前美国的社会现状,即present/current situation。因此用present/current。10.disadvantage考查信息转换。由第三段中的“but in other cases, the