主谓一致_ppt课件.ppt

主谓一致 主谓一致 是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称 数上保持一致 即主语是复数 谓语也用复数形式 如are were have等 主语是单数 谓语要用单数形式 如 is was has works等 1 由and连接的并列成分但指的是同一概念或一个人的双重身份时谓语动词为单数 但由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念时 谓语动词用复数 TheworkerandwriterisfromBeijing 那个工人兼作家 TheworkerandthewriterarefromBeijing 那位工人和那位作家 BothCathyandherdaughterLindahavegonefishinginCanada BreadandbutterisadailyfoodintheWest 常见的由and连接的指一个概念的有 theneedleandthread针线saltandwater盐水thefolkandknife刀叉ironandsteel钢铁timeandtide岁月 2 everyoneofoneofeachofeitherofneitherof 复数名词作主语 谓语用单数 Eachofthestudentshasabook Eachofthegirlslikesdancing Oneofthemhasbeenabroad NeitherofthetwoboysisgoodatEnglish 但 oneof 复数名词 定语从句 结构如果one前面没有限定词 这个句型中的 复数名词 是先行词 定语从句的谓语动词用复数 如果one前面有theonly thefirst thelast theright等限定词修饰 则one是先行词 定语从句的谓语动词用单数 Johnistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasthekeys Johnisoneofthestudentswhohavethekeys 3 morethanone manya 单数名词作主语 意义上是复数 谓语动词常用单数 形单意复 Morethanonestudenthastried Manyastudentandteacheriswatchingthefootballmatch Manyamanhasdiedinthewar 4 each every no manya 单数名词 and each every no manya 单数名词作主语 谓语动词用单数 Eachbookandeachpaperisfoundinitsplace Everyboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation Manyaboyandmanyagirlhasseenthesepainting Everyhourandminuteisimportant 第二个each every no manya可以省略 5 a 单数名词 andahalf a 单数名词 ortwo作主语时 谓语动词用单数 Ayearandahalfhaspassed Adayortwoisenough oneortwo 复数名词 oneandahalf 复数名词作主语 谓语用复数 Oneortwoboysknowit OneandahalfmonthshavepassedsinceIsawhim noneof 结构作主语指代不可数名词作主语 谓语用单数 指代复数名词作主语 强调全体 谓语用复数更好一些 着重个别 则用单数较好 Noneofthemoneyisyours Noneofushave haseverbeenabroad 6 all none some any等不定代词作主语 根据其指代的内容而定 Allarepresent Allthefoodtastesgood 7 anumberof 复数名词 作主语 谓语用复数 许多 thenumberof 复数名词 作主语 谓语用单数 的数量 Thenumberoftrafficaccidentshasincreased Anumberofchildrenlikethissong aquantityof 复数名词 谓语用复数 aquantityof 不可数名词 谓语用单数 quantitiesof 复数名词或不可数名词 谓语用复数 Quantitiesofteaweresoldlastmonth Alargequantityofbeerwassoldout Alargequantityofbooksinthelibrarywereamazing 8 Quantity iesof 名词复数 不可数名词 9 population做主语指人口 谓语用单数 指人的行为 居民等 谓语常用复数 分数 百分数 ofthepopulation做主语 谓语用复数 Thepopulationofthevillageis538 Onethirdofthepopulationhereareworkers 10 theOlympicGames theAsianGames做主语 谓语用复数 TheOlympicGamesareheldeveryfouryears halfmostenoughparttherestthelastlotssomeplenty分数百分数 of 名词作主语 谓语动词要和of之后的名词保持一致 11 Two thirdsofthepeoplepresentareagainsttheplan Three fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredbysea Overtwentypercentofthecitywasdestroyedinthewar Forty fivepercentofthedoctorswerewomen Only40percentofthestudentsintheclassareboys 12 集体名词class family army team club population party crowd majority audience government public group 等作主语 强调整体用单数 指个体成员用复数 HisfamilyisinHarbin Hisfamilyaremusiclovers Thecommitteewasmadeupof10members Thecommitteewereinthehall 但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法 1 有的集合名词总是用作单数 不可数 clothing衣服 poetry诗歌 baggage luggage行李 furniture家俱 scenery景色等 2 有的集合名词总是表示复数意义 但不用复数形式 people人 police警察 cattle牲口等 3 goods clothes glasses shoes scissors及trousers chopsticks 等以复数形式出现的名词作主语 谓语用复数 4 news politics maths physics plastics等形式为复数而意义为单数的名词作主语 谓语用单数 ThegoodsbelongtoMr Wang Nonewsisgoodnews Mytrousersarenew 2020 3 16 19 可编辑 13 the adj v ed v ing 作主语the dying young old blind rich sick wounded poor及dead等词 相当于复数名词 代表整个类别 故作主语时谓语用复数 TheoldinChinaarelivingahappylife Thewoundedhavebeensaved Thesickhavebeencuredandthelosthavebeenfound 14 表示时间 距离 钱额 重量 空间 体积等意义的复数名词作主语 谓语动词常用单数 Eighthoursofsleepisenough Ahundredmilesisalongdistance Tenpoundswasmissingfrommypocket Twentyyearshaspassedsincehelefthishometown 15 动名词 不定式 从句做主语1 单个动名词或不定式作主语 谓语用单数 Makingspeechesisnotherstrongpoint Growingflowersneedsconstantwatering 2 由and连接的两个 或多个 动名词或不定式作主语如果并列的动名词或不定式语义相同或相似 谓语用单数 如果语义不一致 则谓语用复数 Lyingandstealingarenotright Toloveandtobelovedissweetthing 3 由that where when whether how等词引导的名词性从句作主语 主句的谓语常用单数形式 Howtheycanfinishtheirworkisstillunknown Wherewewillgohasnotbeendecided Whenandwheretoholdthemeeting notdecided Whentoholdthemeetingandwheretohavelunch notdecided is are 4 由what引导的名词性从句作主语 谓语一般用单数 表语是复数时也可用复数 如果what从句是带有复数意义的并列结构 主句的谓语用复数 Whattheyareafterismoney Whatwewantare ispromises Whathesaysand whathe doesdonotagree 16 由 or either or neither nor notonly butalso not but 等连接的并列主语 谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词在单复数上保持一致 就近原则 NotonlyhebutalsoIaminvited Iorhisbrothersweretoblame NeitherInorheistoattendthemeeting Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacherisenjoyingthefilm 17 当therebe herebe句型的主语是一系列事物时 谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致 1 Thereisapen aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk 2 Therearetwentyboy studentsandtwenty threegirl studentsintheclass 3 Hereisaletterandabookforyou 4 Therearethreechairs twotablesandabikeinthehouse 18 主语后跟 with alongwith togetherwith like unlike besides but except including aswellas asmuchas ratherthan morethan nolessthan andnot 名词 结构时 谓语动词一般和前面的主语保持一致 1 Theteacherwithanumberofstudentsisintheclassroom 2 Tom asmuchasyou wasresponsiblefortheloss 3 Hemorethanyouisanxioustogothere 1 youorhetheteacherofEnglish Neithermysisternormymother presentatthemeeting A Are wasB Is wereC Are areD Is is A DoSomeExercises 2 Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory yet A isnotdecidedB arenotdecidedC hasnotdecidedD havenotdecided 析 当when和where加不定式指的是同一件事时 谓语动词用单数 A 3 Oneortwodays enoughtoseethecity A isB areC amD be4 NeithermywifenorImyself abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind A isB areC amD be 5 Nottheteacher butthestudents lookingforwardtoseeingthefilm A isB areC amD be 6 His SelectedPoems firstpublishedin1965 A wereB wasC hasbeenD havebeen B 7 Awomanwithsomechildren soon A iscomingB arecomingC hascomeD havecome8 Nooneexceptmyparents anythingaboutthis A knowB knowsC isknownD areknown 9 Theteacheraswellasthestudents thebookalready A hasreadB havereadC arereadingD isreading10 Allbutone intheaccident A waskilledB werekilledC willbekilledD arekilled Allwer