人教版高一英语必修三专题之 学海探究 学案：Unit1 SectionⅡ.doc

课堂探究1many people think that christmas is a western celebration，but in fact it is really a worldwide holiday.许多人认为圣诞节是一个西方人庆祝的节日，但事实上它真的是一个世界性的节日。考点：worldwide adj.遍及全世界的；世界性的the story has attracted worldwide attention.这件事已经引起了全世界的关注。考点延伸 （1）阅读下列句子，指出worldwide的词性及含义。we have more than 2,000 members worldwide.我们在全世界有2,000多名成员。词性：_含义：_（2）nationwide adj.全国范围内的；全国性的but a nationwide survey recently found that some people think too much about life.但最近一个全国性的调查发现，一些人对生活思考太多。即学即用完成句子（1）污染是一个全球性的问题。pollution is a _ _.（2）汽车犯罪数量不断飙升是全国性的问题。the rising number of car crimes is a _ problem.（3）英语是一门世界性的语言。english is a _ _.2permission n允许，准许考点：permission nu允许，准许may i have permission to go home early?可以允许我早点回家吗？考点延伸 （1）阅读下列句子，指出permission的词组及含义。with your permission，ill leave now.with the permission of you，ill leave now.如果你允许的话，我现在就走。词组：_含义：_we are not allowed to enter the office without permission.未经允许，我们不被允许进入办公室。词组：_含义：_ they gave us permission to use the pool.他们准许我们使用游泳池。词组：_含义：_（2）阅读下列句子，指出黑体词的词性及含义。they permit us to dance on the square.他们允许那些妇女在广场上跳舞。词性：_含义：_i cant sell the goods without a permit.没有执照我不能卖这些商品。词性：_含义：_即学即用语法填空（1）you cant take photographs without _（permit）（2）producers failed to get _（permit）to use the song.完成句子（3）经王先生允许，我们参观他的工厂。_ _ _ _ _ _/_ _ _ _，we visited his factory.3grammar：情态动词（）（1）情态动词用来表示说话人对一个动作或状态的看法、态度，即：说话人认为某事“可能、或许、应该或必须”发生。（2）情态动词的特点：a情态动词本身不能单独作谓语，必须和动词原形连用才能作谓语。翻译句子they must finish the work on time.翻译：_b情态动词没有人称和数的变化（have to除外）。语法填空he comes from the united states，and he _ speak english very well.他来自美国，英语说得很好。c有的情态动词没有过去式，有的情态动词有过去式。翻译句子he said that the little girl dared not go out at night.翻译：_（3）一些情态动词的意义和用法。acan和could。a表示能力。翻译句子：he can speak both english and french.翻译：_he could hardly support his family ten years ago.翻译：_b表示客观可能性。语法填空anybody _ make mistakes in his life.任何人在一生中都可能犯错误。c表示许可。表示许可时，can和may的意思基本相同，但can多用于口语。语法填空you _ sit here.你可以坐在这里。_ i use your pen?我用一下你的钢笔好吗？d用在否定句或疑问句中，表示惊讶、怀疑、猜测或不相信等语气。翻译句子 that cant be tom.he went to london two days ago.翻译：_ecould是can的过去式，在口语中，could常代替can来向对方委婉地提出请求或看法，是一种礼貌性的说法。这时could不表示过去时态。翻译句子 could you come earlier next time?翻译：_fcan和be able to都可表示能力，但be able to可用于各种时态，而can只有一般现在时和一般过去时。翻译句子a big earthquake broke out in japan.luckily a lot of people were able to survive.翻译：_bmay和might。a表示请求、允许或征询对方许可。否定回答时可用may not，had better not，cant，mustnt等。语法填空_ i leave now?我现在可以走了吗？yes，you may./no，you mustnt.是的，行。/不，不行。b表示说话人的猜测，认为某一事情“或许/可能”发生。翻译句子it is said that the president of the society might leave his office under the pressure of public opinion.翻译：_c表示祝愿（不用might）。语法填空_ you succeed！祝你成功！dmight是may的过去式，用在陈述句中表猜测时，表示把握性不大，语气更加不肯定。用在一般疑问句中表示礼貌性请求，语气更加委婉。翻译句子it is said that the famous singer might come to the concert.翻译：_cwill和would。would是will的过去式，当然will和would又都有一些各自不同的独特用法。 a表示请求和建议（在这种用法中would语气更为客气、委婉）。语法填空_ you tell me how to get to the shopping mall?你可以告诉我怎么去购物中心吗？b表示愿望。翻译句子go where you _.你想去哪儿就去哪儿。c表示习惯、倾向，意为“总会，老是”。语法填空if you give her a chance，she _ talk without a stop.如果你给她机会，她会说起来没完没了。he would be nervous when he met strangers.遇见陌生人时他总是很紧张。d表示猜测，意为“想必”。翻译句子this will be the house youre looking for.翻译：_ewill可用于表示决心，意为“一定要，决心”。语法填空we _ never talk about that subject again.我们决不会再谈论那个话题了。f表示料想或猜想，意为“会”。翻译句子what would she be doing there?翻译：_gwould可表示过去习惯性的动作，常可与used to换用。如：翻译句子when we were children we used to/would go skating every winter.翻译：_dshall和shoulda在疑问句中，shall用于第一、三人称，表示说话人征求对方的意见或指示，通常意为“好吗？/要不要？”。语法填空_ he come to see you?要他来看你吗？b在陈述句中，shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话人告诫、警告、命令、决心或许诺等意图，通常意为“必须、应该或可以”。翻译句子you shall fail if you dont work hard.（告诫）翻译：_all debts shall be paid off by the end of the month.（命令）翻译：_you shall have a reply tomorrow.（许诺）翻译：_cshould表示劝告、建议或有责任或义务去做某事，通常意为“必须，应该”，其同义词是ought to。在疑问句中，通常用should代替ought to。语法填空you _ do as i told you.你应该照我说的去做。dshould have done表示某事在过去应该做，但实际上没做；shouldnt have done则表示做了一件不应该做的事。翻译句子you should have come earlier.翻译：_e表示惊奇、遗憾、必要等语气，意为“应该，竟然会”。语法填空can you imagine that he _ speak to his mother like that?你能想象他竟然那样跟他母亲说话吗？fshould表推测，意为“可能”或“应该”。语法填空this _ not cause any problem.这大概不会引起什么麻烦。gshould用于第一人称时表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。翻译句子i should think it would be better to try it again.翻译：_emust和have toamust用于表示说话人的主观看法，即：说话人觉得自己“必须或应当”做某事。have to用于表示外界的客观情况使说话人不得不去做某事。翻译句子im afraid i must be leaving now.翻译：_the last bus has gone.we have to take a taxi.翻译：_bmust没有人称的变化，而have to可以有多种时态，还有人称的变化。在时态上可以弥补must的不足。语法填空he _（have）to be there before 7 oclock.他必须在7点前到那儿。翻译句子they will have to give in before such pressure.翻译：_cmust的否定式must not/mustnt，表示“一定不要、不许或禁止”；have to的否定式have not to/dont have to表示“没有必要”。语法填空you _ not play computer games unless you finish your homework.如果做不完作业，你绝对不能玩电脑游戏。you dont _ get up so early；there is an hour left.还剩一个小时，你没有必要起那么早。d在回答由must提出的问题时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用neednt或dont have to。must i return the book today?今天我必须归还这本书吗？yes，you _./no，you _.是的，必须。/不，没必要。emust还可表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦，意为“偏要”。翻译句子：i dont know why she must play the piano at midnight.翻译：_fmust“一定要，坚持要”，表示主张。翻译句子：its from my grandma，if you must know.翻译：_gmust“一定，肯定”，表推测，只用于肯定句中，否定句用cant。翻译句子judging from his behaviour，he must be a student.翻译：_注意：在肯定句中，must表示一种判断。must do表示对现在情况的推测。must be doing表示对正在进行的动作的推测。must have done表示对过去动作的推测。语法填空that man _ be over seventy years old.那个人肯定有70多岁了。翻译句子he must be sleeping now.翻译：_the street is wet.it must have rained last night.翻译：_即学即用用适当的情态动词填空（1）some aspects（方面）of a pilots job _ be boring，and pilots often _ work at inconvenient hours.（2）the fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.（3）we _ not have proved great adventures，but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.（4）johnny，you _ not play with the knife；you _ hurt yourself.（5）may i smoke here?if you _，choose a seat in the smoking section.（6）this cake is very sweet.you _ have put a lot of sugar in it.（7）my sister met him at the grand theatre yesterday afternoon，so he _ not have attended your lecture.（8）i was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car.they _ have been driving at a speed of at least 150 km per hour.（9）shall i tell john about it?no，you _.ive told him already.（10）the new school regulations _ take effect on september 10.（11）i think ill give bob a ring.you _.you havent been in touch with him for ages.（12）you cant imagine that a wellbehaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady.（13）i was really anxious about you.you _ not have left home without a word.（14）when he was there，he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.（15）mother _ to tell us stories when we were young.翻译句子（16）他没有必要今天完成这项工作。_（17）我本应该告诉你真相。_（18）他怎么敢那样和老师说话。_（19）外边很冷，你最好穿上你的大衣。_（20）我们去游泳好吗？_参考答案1副词在全世界，遍及全世界即学即用：（1）worldwide problem（2）nationwide（3）worldwide language2with ones permissionwith the permission of sb经某人允许without permission未经允许give sb permission to do sth允许某人去做某事动词允许名词执照/许可证即学即用：（1）permission（2）permission（3）with the permission of mr wang/with mr wangs permission3他们必须按时完成工作。can他说那个小女孩夜里不敢出去。他会说英语和法语。十年前