中考考点十七 宾语从句.doc

宾语从句一、直接引语变间接引语1.人称的变化：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。1). “一随主”指若直接引语中的主语为第一人称时,变间接引语时应与主句的主语人称一致.She said “I like playing basketball”.She said that _ _ playing basketball .2). “二随宾”指若直接宾语中的主语为第二人称时,变间接宾语时应与主句的宾语人称一致.She asked Tom “Can I have a look at your picture”.She asked Tom if _ could have a look at _ picture .3). “第三人称不更新”指若直接宾语中的主语为第三人称时,变间接宾语时人称保持不变.She said to me “They want to help me”.She told me that _ _ to help me .2.指示代词，时间、地点状语的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthatthatthose时间状语nowthentodaythat daythis morningthat morning three days agothree days beforeLast week the week beforetomorrowthe next /following daynext yearthe next year地点状语herethere动词comego二. 宾语从句的考查宾语从句在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1.考查宾语从句的语序： 宾语从句的语序用陈述句语序。即 “主语+谓语+Do you know when _?A.does the next train leave B.the next train leaves C.will the next train leave D.the next train will leave 注：若从句时疑问句，但语序不变的有：1).who在从句中作主语。Can you tell me _?(谁将来这儿)2).whats wrong / the matter ? He asked what was the matter with me .3).what happened I dont know what happened yesterday .4).which is the way to .? Can you tell me which is the way to the park ?2.考查宾语从句的引导词1).若宾语从句时陈述句时，引导词用that 且that 可省掉。She said “Im gald to see you” = She said _ _ _ gald to see me .2).宾语从句时一般疑问句时，引导词用if 或whether . 一般情况下if /whether 可互换，但后有or not / or 、动词不定式或介词的后面时，只能用whether .He saked me “Are you going to Wuhan ?” = He asked me _ _ _ going to Wuhan.Im thinking about _ to go there . A.if B.whether C.that 3).宾语从句时特殊疑问句时，引导词用特殊疑问词。Do you know _? Im not sure ,Maybe he is a businessman .A.who he is B.who is he C.what he does D.what does he do 4).若宾语从句肯定祈使句时，改为ask /tell sb to do sth .若为否定祈使句，改为ask /tell sb not to sth .“Dont open the door” The teacher said . = The teacher told me _ _ _ the door .3.宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。Can you tell me _? He is a doctor .A.what is he B.what he was C.what he is D.what was he 2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。He asked _ .A.what time it is B.what time is it C.what time it was D.what time was it He told me that he _ for the sports meet.A.is preparing B.was preparing C.will prepare D.has prepared 注：1) 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。Our teacher said that January_(be) the first month of the year.Our teacher said that the earth _(go) around the sun. 2).若主句为could you .?表示请求客气的语气，从句的时态仍然不变。Could you tell me _?A.what he was doing B.what was he doing C.what he is doing D.what is he doing 4.if /when 引导状语从句和宾语从句这两种从句。从句的时态的确定。ifWhenif/when从句的时态条件/时间状语从句如果、假如当的时候一般现在时宾语从句是否什么时候一般将来时Can you guess if they_ to play football with us ? I think they will come if they _free.A. come , are B. will come , will be C. will come , are D. come , will be Can you tell me when he_here tomorrow ? When he _ here , please call me .A. comes , comes B. will come , will come C. will come ,comes D. comes, will come 5.宾语从句的简化：1).宾语从句是陈述句时，且主、从句的主语一致，可简化为“动词+ to do sth”.2).宾语从句是疑问句时，且主、从句的主语一致，或从句的主语与主句的宾语一致。可简化为“疑问词+ to do sth”.I dont know what I should do next . I dont know _ _ _ next .Could you tell me how I can get there ? Could you tell me _ _ _ there ?John didnt decide which shirt he would buy . John didnt decide _ _ _ _ .3).hear / see / find + that + 从句 ，可改为“hear / see / find + sb (要用宾格) + doing sth”.I heard that they were singing in the next room.= I heard _ _ in the next room .We found that she was playing with the cat under the tree .We found _ _ with the cat under the tree. 练习：( )1.Alice wanted to know _ her grandma liked the dog.A. that B. if C. which D. what( )2.Can you tell us _ ?A. where have you gone B. where have you gone C. where you have been D. where have you been( )3.Do you still remember _ ?A. that he said B. what he said C. did he say that D. what did he say( )4.The weather here changes very often and we cant tell _ it will be like tomorrow.A. that B. how C. what D. whether( )5.What did the scientist say? -He said he wondered if _into space by spaceship one day. A. he had to fly B. he could fly C. can he fly D. could he fly( )6.Do you know_from Wuhan to Xian ?A. how far it is B. how far is it C. how long it is D. how long is it( )7.Could you tell me _?A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in( )8.Is the lake there beautiful? - This photo will show you _.A. how does it look like B. what does it look likeC. how it looks like D. what it looks like( )9. I dont know _ bought the present for me. Is it Jack? A. which B. who C. whose D. what( )10.Could you show us _ a bike ?A. how to mend B. what to buy C. where to go D. how many to buy( )11.I dont know _ Jane was late for school this morning.A. who B. what C. whom D. why( )12.Do you remember _ he came? -Yes, I do. He came by car.A. that B. if C. how D. when( )13.Mike said he _ a cold for a few days.A. has caught B. had caught C. has had D. had had( )14.I dont know if he _ here. If he _, Ill tell you.A. will come, comes B. comes, will come C. comes , comes D. will come, will come( )15.Could you tell me _ best?A. which one you like B.which one do you like C. do you like which one D.you like which one( )16.The teacher told the children that the earth _ around the sun.A. moves B. moved C. had moved D. was moving( )17.Nobody knows which factory _.A. does he work B. he works C. does he work in D. he works in( )18.He said that no one knew _ with him.A. what is the matter B. what was the matter C. what the matter is D. what the matter was( )19.Im interested in _ or not he is coming.A. whether B. if C. when D. why( )20.Im sorry that I _ you were here.A. didnt know B. dont knowC. wont know D. cant know二、句型转换。1. “Do you want to try it?” Toms mother asked him.(同义句)Toms mother asked him _ _ _ to try it.2. I think this is a good idea.（改为否定句） I _ _ this _ a good idea.3. Lucy hasnt decided which trousers to buy.（改为复合句） Lucy hasnt decided _ _ _ _ buy.4. I dont know how I can get to the hospital.（改为简单句） I dont know _ _ _ to the hospital.5. I dont suppose they will come, _ _ ? (改为反意疑问句)三、用所给动词的正确形式填空。1. We are sure that he _ (go) to school tomorrow.2. Do you know who _ (be) the first man to walk on the moon?3. Could you tell me where the post office _ (is)?4. Our father said that he _ (will) buy a new computer.5. I hear that he _ (swim) in the sea yesterday.6. The little boy tells us where his father _ (work).7. He said that he _ (finish) his work already.8. They thought they could _ (hike) to the top of the mountain.9. He was glad that so many people _ (help) him.10. She doesnt know whether _ (go) or wait.四、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know.Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.4Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know _ _ _ _ French.5Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me _ the children _ _ games.6Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.Mr. Zhao