人教版选修七Unit 1 Living well reading课时作业(8).docx

unit 1 living well reading课时作业 第一节阅读理解 every day, we are moving closer to some kind of artificial intelligence(人工智能). progress in big data, machine learning and robotics are going to give us a world where computers are effectively intelligent in terms of how we deal with them. should you be scared by this? absolutely, but not in the usual “robot overlords” (机器人帝国) kind of way. instead, the real fear should be about getting human beings wrong, not getting ai right.the key to the technology is the ability of computers to recognize human emotions based on the activation” of muscles in the face. a computer can identify the positions of facial muscles and use them to infer the emotional state of its user. then the machine responds in ways that take that emotional state into account.one potential application of it is to provide “emotional robots” for the elderly. having a machine that could speak in a kind way would comfort a lonely older person. that is a good thing, right? but that wont also relieve us from questioning how we ended up in a society that takes care of the elderly because we dont know what else to do with them? cant we have more humane solutions than robots?“emotion data” arent the same thing as the real and vivid emotional experiences we human beings have. our emotions are more than our faces or voices. how can they be pulled out like a thread, one by one, from the fabric(组织) of our being?research programs can come with much philosophical(哲学的) concern, too. from the computers point of view, what the computing technology captures are emotions, but at its root is a reduction of human experience whose outward expressions can be captured algorithmically (计算上). as the technology is used in the world, it can reframe the world in ways that can be hard to escape from.the technology will clearly have useful applications, but once it treats emotions as data, we may find that it is the only aspect of emotion we come to recognize or value. once billions of dollars floods into this field, we will find ourselves trapped in a technology that is reducing our lives. even worse, our “emotion data” will be used against us to make money for someone else. and that is what scares me about ai.1. why does the author feel scared of the development of artificial intelligence?a. the technology is developing much too slowly.b. computers cant recognize human emotions.c. robots would get control of human beings.d. people may use artificial intelligence improperly.2. why does the author dislike the idea of providing “emotional robots” for the elderly?a. the aged people will find it hard to live with them.b. what elderly people need is much more than that.c. it cant relieve us of the pressure from modern society.d. its impossible to use them to keep the elderly healthy.3. which of the following statements is not true?a. a computer can make out the position of facial muscles.b. it is a good thing for the elderly to use ai.c. our emotions are our faces and voices.d. “emotion data” are different from the real emotional experiences humans have.4. how does the author feel about “emotion data” according to the last paragraph?a. worried b. curiousc. confused d. essential【答案】1. d 2. b 3. c 4. a【解析】本文为科技文章。我们每天都在接触某种人工智能。大数据、机器学习和机器人技术的进步将给我们带来一个这样的世界：计算机处理方式的日渐聪明，潜在的“情感数据”，将被用于服务我们。这可能会对我们有影响，这也是作者对人工智能的恐惧。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的最后两句“absolutely, but not in the usual “robot overlords” (机器人帝国) kind of way. instead, the real fear should be about getting human beings wrong, not getting ai right.”可知，作者对人工智能的发展感到害怕是因为人们可能不恰当地使用人工智能。分析选项可知d项符合题意。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的but that wont also relieve us from questioning how we ended up in a society that takes care of the elderly because we dont know what else to do with them? cant we have more humane solutions than robots? 可知作者不喜欢为老年人提供“情感机器人”的想法是因为老年人想要的不仅仅是这些照顾，故b项符合题意。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的第一句“emotion data” arent the same thing as the real and vivid emotional experiences we human beings have.句意：“情感数据”与人类真实而生动的情感体验不同。由此可知，情感数据不可能等同于人类的情感。分析选项可知c项符合题意。故选c项。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的最后句“even worse, our “emotion data” will be used against us to make money for someone else. and that is what scares me about ai.” 句意为“更糟糕的是，我们的“情感数据”会被用来对付其他人。这就是我对人工智能的恐惧”。由此可知，作者认为“emotion data”令人恐惧，从而担忧。分析选项可知a项符合题意。第二节 七选五 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。your friends have one, maybe even two or three. _1_ does it seem that everyone has one but you? no, it is not the latest video game, but something much more fun-a family pet.dogs and hamsters(仓鼠) are both fun to hold and pet, but they relate to people in different ways. for example, dogs enjoy human contact. they love to play with their owners. they also like to show affection(喜爱) and love licking(舔) their owners faces. _2_ they need fresh food and water every day, and they need exercise. they also need someone to take care of them when their owners go out of town._3_ having contact with people is not important to them. they like to sleep when people want to play. unlike dogs, hamsters do not like being petted. many will hide when their owners want to pick them up. hamsters are also very independent. _4_ hamsters may be low on affection, but they need less daily care than dogs do. an owner usually fills up the food and water dishes only once a week. hamsters need exercise too, but they get their exercise by running on wheels in their “houses”. if their owners go out of town, hamsters can be left alone._5_ the choice is yours.a.dogs like to be petted.b.your neighbors have one.c.hamsters are very different from dogs.d.they like to spend their time exploring.e.they need food and water just as dogs do.f.however, dogs need a lot of daily care, too.g.dogs and hamsters both make good family pets.【答案】1. b 2. f 3. c 4. d 5. g【解析】本文为应用文。主要讲述了狗和仓鼠的生活习性及特点，从而说明了这是两种适合家养的宠物。【1题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上一句“你的朋友也许会有一个，甚至也许二、三个。空后“似乎除了你之处，每个人都有一个”。分析语境可知，本空的后一句是由前面的两个例子推理出来的。分析选项可知b项（你的邻居有一个）与第一句句式一致，但句意也一致。放入句中，符合，故选b项。【2题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。通读本段可知，本段主要讲述养狗的一些常识，分析选项可知，与狗有关的选项有a、e和g项。分析空后的内容可知，主要讲述狗喜欢与人在一起，但每天狗也需人们来照顾。选项f项（然而，狗也需要大量的日常护理）与本段意义一致。因此选f项。【3题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。通读第3小题所在的段落可知，本段主要讲述宠物苍鼠的生活习性及日常护理与狗完全不同。分析选项可知c项（苍鼠和狗非常不同）符合题意，故选c项。【4题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空前的内容可知“苍鼠喜欢独立”分析选项可知，与“苍鼠喜欢独立” 意义一致的只有d项（他们喜欢花时间探索）与之相符，故选d项。【5题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本文第二段和第三段叙述了苍鼠和狗是两种有趣的宠物，分析它们的习性可知，它们适合在作为家养宠物。分析选项可知g项（狗和仓鼠都是很好的家养宠物）符合题意，故选g项。第三节 完形填空：(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。the management of a software company decided to teach its employees about finding real _1_ to solve problems.when called to play a _2_ in a hall, the team of 30 employees was quite _3_ holding various thoughts. as they entered the hall, they found the hall _4_ decorated, with coloured lights on the wall. everyone looked at each other and then _5_ a huge box of balloons at the centre. they were _6_ to pick a balloon and blow it up. and the team leader asked them to _7_ their names on their balloon. all tried to do that, but not everyone _8_ it. a few balloons burst due to pressure and yet they were given _9_ chance. those who _10_ even after the second chance were ruled out of the game. in all, 25 employees were left for the next _11_. all the balloons were collected and the team leader asked the employees to _12_ the balloon with their names marked. also, he told them no balloon should be _13_.the 25 employees began to _14_ the balloons carrying their names in a rush. however, they had to be very _15_. it was almost 15 minutes and no one was able to find his own balloon.now it was the third and final level. the employees were asked to pick any balloon in the room and give it to the person _16_ on the balloon. within a couple of minutes all the balloons reached _17_ employee.the team leader said that this was the real way to solve problems. often everyone is crazily _18_ ways to solve problems without recognising the _19_ way. most of the time, _20_ and helping others can give you the tools you need to deal with all problems.1. a. suggestions b. ways c. reasons d. rules2. a. part b. match c. card d. game3. a. surprised b. satisfied c. tired d. frightened4. a. partially b. beautifully c. strangely d. properly5. a. realized b. recognised c. noticed d. accepted6. a. required b. allowed c. trained d. advised7. a. hide b. change c. explain d. mark8. a. knew b. found c. made d. showed9. a. no b. next c. each d. another10. a. tried b. failed c. finished d. escaped11. a. level b. top c. floor d. place12. a. get b. blow c. cover d. prepare13. a. thrown b. damaged c. attacked d. painted14. a. take up b. hang out c. search for d. give away15. a. honest b. strict c. careful d. cheerful16. a. described b. remembered c. impressed d. named17. a. one b. every c. that d. any18. a. looking for b. dealing with c. waiting for d. pointing to19. a. shortest b. different c. new d. best20. a. concentrating b. discovering c. sharing d. fighting【答案】1. b 2. d 3. a 4. b 5. c 6. a 7. d 8. c 9. d 30. b 11. a 12. a 13. b 14. c 15. c 16. d 17. b 18. a 19. d 20. c【解析】本文为人生百味阅读。文章讲述了一软件公司的管理者决定教员工寻找解决问题的恰当的方法。于是负责人用一个游戏来在气球上写上自己的名字。收集后，在不弄坏气球的情况下，如何才能很快地找出写有自己名字的气球。本文告诉我们：合作才能双赢，才是解决所有问题的最好的工具。【1题详解】考查名词辨析。suggestions建议；ways方式，方法；reasons理由，原因；rules规则。根据空后的“to solve problems”可知，是找到真正解决问题的方法。而且第5段第一句“this was the real way to solve problems.”有提示。分析选项可知b项符合题意，故选b项。【2题详解】考查名词辨析。part部分，零件；match比赛；card卡；game游戏，比赛。根据下文的内容可知。这是游戏比赛，故选d项。【3题详解】考查形容词辨析。surprised 感到惊讶的；satisfied 满意的； tired疲劳的；frightened害怕的，恐惧的。根据文章的描述，公司把大家召集起来，竟然是玩一个游戏，所以很是惊讶（surprised），故选a项。【4题详解】考查副词辨析。partially 部分地；beautifully美丽地，漂亮地；strangely不可思议地；properly合适地，恰当地。根据文中的描述进入大厅，有彩灯，有气球，可知大厅是被装饰的很漂亮，故选b项。【5题详解】考查动词辨析。realized意识到，知道；recognised认出；noticed注意；accepted接受。根据语境可知，当员工来到大厅注意到大厅中心有一大盒气球，因此选c项。【6题详解】考查动词辨析。required要求；allowed允许；trained训练，培训 advised建议。根据下一句“and the team leader asked them to_7_”可知，是要求（required）员工挑选一个气球。故选a项。【7题详解】考查动词辨析。hide 躲藏；change改变，变化；explain解释；mark作记号，给打分，注意。句意：负责人要求他们在气球上标出（mark）他们的名字。根据后面to _1_ the balloon with their names marked.有提示，可知选d项【8题详解】考查固定搭配。本句是指“并不是每个人都做到了”。make it为固定搭配，意为“成功地做到，设法做到”。故选c项。【9题详解】考查形容词。句意：一些气球由于压力而爆裂，但又给气球爆了的人一次机会。分析选项：no 没有的；next紧邻的；each每一个的；another另一个的，其它的。可知d项符合题意，故选d项。【10题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：那些失败第二次的人被踢出比赛。分析选项：tried试图，努力； failed失败，未做；finished完成； escaped逃避。可知，b符合题意。【11题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：总共有25