人教版选修七Unit 3 Under the Sea using language课时作业（7）.docx

unit 3 under the sea using language课时作业第一节 完型填空during my second year at the city college, i was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called thinking chess, for three credits. i1the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesnt want to2a few dollars? more than that, id always wanted to learn chess. and, even if i werent3enough about free credits, news about our4was appealing enough to me. he was an international grand master, which5i would be learning from one of the games6. i could hardly wait to7him.maurice ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this8was no game for him; he meant business. in his introduction, he made it9that our credits would be hard-earned. in order to10the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to11what we would learn in class to our future professions and,12, to our lives. i managed to get an a in that13and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the14.ten years after my chess class with ashley, im still putting to use what he15me:“the absolute most important16that you learn when you play chess is how to make good17. on every single move you have to18a situation, process what your opponent(对手)is doing and19the best move from among all your options.”these words still ring true today in my20as a journalist.1.a.put forwardb.jumped atc.tried outd.turned down2.a.wasteb.earnc.saved.pay3.a.excitedb.worriedc.movedd.tired4.a.titleb.competitorc.textbookd.instructor5.a.urgedb.demandedc.heldd.meant6.a.fastestb.easiestc.bestd.rarest7.a.interviewb.meetc.challenged.beat8.a.chanceb.qualificationc.honord.job9.a.realb.perfectc.cleard.possible10.a.attendb.passc.skipd.observe11.a.addb.exposec.applyd.compare12.a.eventuallyb.naturallyc.directlyd.normally13.a.gameb.presentationc.coursed.experiment14.a.criterionb.classroomc.departmentd.situation15.a.taughtb.wrotec.questionedd.promised16.a.factb.stepc.mannerd.skill17.a.gradesb.decisionsc.impressionsd.comments18.a.analyzeb.describec.rebuildd.control19.a.announceb.signalc.blockd.evaluate20.a.roleb.desirec.concernd.behavior答案1.b2.c3.a4.d 5.d6.c7.b8.d9.c10.b11.c12.a13.c14.b15.a16.d17.b18.a19.d20.a第二节 阅读理解asteven stein likes to follow garbage trucks. his strange habit makes sense when you consider that hes an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. what is even more interesting is that one of steins jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. so many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台). the bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in california, including los angeles. eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.among the bag makers arguments:many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. and while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.the industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement:reusable shopping bags. the stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. however, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. one study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.environmentalists dont dispute(质疑)these points. they hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.1.what has steven stein been hired to do?a.help increase grocery sales.b.recycle the waste material.c.stop things falling off trucks.d.argue for the use of plastic bags.2.what does the word“headwinds”in paragraph 2 refer to?a.bans on plastic bags.b.effects of city development.c.headaches caused by garbage.d.plastic bags hung in trees.3.what is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?a.they are quite expensive.b.replacing them can be difficult.c.they are less strong than plastic bags.d.producing them requires more energy.4.what is the best title for the text?a.plastic, paper or neitherb.industry, pollution and environmentc.recycle or throw awayd.garbage collection and waste control答案1.d2.a3.d4.abthe intelligent transport team at newcastle university have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “drivelab” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive. led by professor phil blythe, the newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.these include custom-made navigation(导航) tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. phil blythe explains:“for many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”“but we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. the result is that people stop driving before they really need to.”dr amy guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains: “the drivelab is helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.”“for example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. were looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.”“we hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”5.what is the purpose of the drivelab?a.to explore new means of transport.b.to design new types of cars.c.to find out older drivers problems.d.to teach people traffic rules.6.why is driving important for older people according to phil blythe?a.it keeps them independent.b.it helps them save time.c.it builds up their strength.d.it cures their mental illnesses.7.what do researchers hope to do for older drivers?a.improve their driving skills.b.develop driver-assist technologies.c.provide tips on repairing their cars.d.organize regular physical checkups.8.what is the best title for the text?a.a new model electric carb.a solution to traffic problemsc.driving services for eldersd.keeping older drivers on the road答案5.c6.a7.b8.d第三节 任务型阅读“happiness advantage” effectin july 2010 burts bees, a personal-care products company, was going through enormous change as it began a global expansion into 19 new countries. in this kind of high-pressure situation, many leaders bother their assistants with frequent meetings or flood their in-boxes with urgent demands. in doing so, managers lift everyones anxiety level, which activates the part of the brain that processes threats and steals resources from the prefrontal cortex(大脑皮层), which is responsible for effective problem solving.burts beess then-ceo, john wolfgang, took a different approach. each day, hed send out an e-mail praising a team member for work related to global marketing. hed interrupt his own presentations to remind his managers to talk with their teams about the companys values. he asked me to further a three-hour session with employees on happiness in the course of the expansion effort. as one member of the senior team told me a year later, wolfgangs emphasis on developing positive leadership kept his managers actively involved and loyal as they successfully transformed the company into a global one.that outcome shouldnt surprise us. research shows that when people work with a positive mind-set(思维模式), performance on nearly every levelproductivity, creativity, involvementimproves. yet happiness is perhaps the most misunderstood driver of performance. for one, most people believe that success comes before happiness.“once i get a promotion, ill be happy, ”they think. or, “once i hit my sales target, ill feel great.”but because success is a moving targetas soon as you hit your target, you raise it againthe happiness that results from success does not last long.in fact, it works the other way around: people who have a positive mind-set perform better in the face of challenge. i call this the “happiness advantage