人教版必修一Unit 5 Nalson Mandela – a modern hero reading课时作业.doc

必修一unit 5 nalson mandela a modern hero reading课时作业难度.阅读理解abessie colemanborn in texas, coleman moved to chicago to find a job, but she became interested in the stories she heard from pilots returning from world war .however, her race (种族) and her gender (性别) kept her out of flight schools in the us., so she made her way to france where she could learn flying.when she returned to chicago, coleman had difficulty finding jobs, so she chose to be a stunt (特技) pilot.she was the first black female pilot in the us.and was an inspiration to early pilots and to african americans and native americans.bessica raichebessica raiche drove a car, shot guns and practiced medicine.besides, she was an accomplished artist and musician.but on oct.13, 1910, raiche became the first american woman to make a flight in an aircraft by herself.raiches aviation career (航空职业) was short, as she moved to southern california to focus on her career in medicine, later becoming president of the orange county medical association.willa brownwilla brown was the first african american woman to earn both a pilots license (1938) and a commercial license (1939)as a former schoolteacher and social worker, brown set up the coffey school of aeronautics at chicagos harlem airport, which later became the first governmentapproved aviation training school for african americans.peggy whitsonat 57, peggy whitson was the worlds oldest spacewoman.she has spent 500 days off earth more than any other woman, and in 2008, she became the first female commander of the international space station (iss)she made her eighth space walk on march 30, 2017 and she beat the current record for women of 50 hours and 40 minutes of total spacewalking time.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四位女性飞行员。1why did bessie coleman move to france?ato acquire stunt skills.bto find a wellpaid job.cto take part in world war .dto achieve her flying dream.解析：选d细节理解题。由第一段的“her race (种族) and her gender (性别) kept her out of flight schools in the us., so she made her way to france where she could learn flying”可知，bessie coleman到法国是想实现自己成为飞行员的梦想。2who made a contribution to aviation education?abessie coleman. bbessica raiche.cwilla brown. dpeggy whitson.解析：选c细节理解题。由第三段的最后一句可知，willa brown创办了第一所政府支持的非裔美国人飞行训练学校。3what can we know about peggy whitson?ashe enjoyed her journey in space.bshe set some surprising records.cshe devoted herself to building the iss.dshe set other black women an example.解析：选b推理判断题。由最后一段可知，宇航员peggy whitson创造了几项世界纪录。4which of the following do the four share?athey are outstanding women pilots.bthey suffered discrimination at work.cthey never received good education.dthey have shown great creativity.解析：选a推理判断题。由第一段的最后一句、第二段的“raiche became the first american woman to make a flight in an aircraft by herself”以及第三段和第四段的内容可推知，这四位都是杰出的女飞行员。bkrubera cave in the western caucasus mountains is the deepest known cave in the world. an international team prepared to descend into krubera. the team members hoped to be the first cavers to reach a depth of 2,000 meters, brought five tons of equipment and other necessities with them, and established camps at key locations along the route. they worked for up to 20 hours each day.in the third week, progress was blocked at 1,775 meters by a sump a cave passage filled with water that gives cavers few options. there are basically three techniques available: dive through it, empty it, or go around it. gennadiy samokhin dove to the bottom but was disappointed. “no chance to get through，” he said. searching for a way around the sump, garcia dils risked entering a waterfall of near freezing water and discovered that his dry suit had holes in it. “the water was so cold i lost the feeling in my fingers，” he said later. he, too, was unsuccessful.finally, two teammates found a way around the sump through a tight passage they called the way to the dream. the team was exhilarated. the passage led to yet another sump at 1,840 meters. after a short test dive, samokhin emerged, smiling. there was a promising passage, he reported. but it would have to wait. after nearly four weeks, with supplies running low, the team had run out of time and would have to return to the surface.four weeks later, a team of nine ukrainian cavers led by yuri kasjan went back to krubera. following the path opened by the previous team, they reached the sump at 1,840 meters relatively quickly. after much searching, a pit (坑), later named the millennium pit, was discovered that allowed them to pass the 2,000 meter depth. more pits and passages led them to 2,080 meters, a spot they named game over. but the caving game is never over. deeper caves will probably continue to be discovered and call out to be explored.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了探察洞穴者对世界上最深的洞穴库鲁伯亚拉洞穴进行探索的过程。5why did the team return to the surface after nearly four weeks?athey were lacking in supplies.bthey had achieved their goal.cthey couldnt go through the sump.dthey gave their task to yuri kasjans team.解析：选a细节理解题。根据第三段中的“after nearly four weeks, with supplies running low, the team had run out of time and would have to return to the surface.”可知，因为物资逐渐短缺，探察洞穴者才被迫返回地面。6what does the underlined word “exhilarated” probably mean?acheerful. bpowerful.cconfused. dexhausted.解析：选a词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“two teammates found a way around the sump through a tight passage they called the way to the dream”可知，两名队员找到了通过水坑的通道，所以他们很高兴，故选a。7what is the text mainly about?athe features of krubera cave.bfamous caves around the world.ca journey of exploring krubera cave.dthe importance of exploring krubera cave.解析：选c主旨大意题。本文讲述了探察洞穴者对世界上最深的洞穴库鲁伯亚拉洞穴进行探索的过程，故选c。cwe have slow food, slow travel, even slow journalism.the slow food movement reminds us of the value of locally produced, seasonal foods, just as slow travel brings us back to local traditions we miss as we fly off in search of peak experiences.in a 24hour news era, slow journalism avoids the demands of the breaking story, revisiting and reflecting on old news.in almost every area of life, we are turning towards a world, where time is not a luxury (奢侈品) but a resting place and slowness is almost a necessity.but that doesnt happen in schools.courses are forced into short half terms.from the moment we go through school gates to the time we get out again a few short hours later, there must be activity, busyness and speed.reflection is out.we dont give students the time they need to read and they turn to secondrate substitutes instead.why read plato when you can read a book about plato? the answer is that what plato wrote is much more interesting, dramatic and enjoyable than any of the thousands of books that have been written about him.i once met a friend, a published poet.“hows the poetry going？” i asked.“its been a good week，” he replied.“i wrote three lines.” would we accept that rate of return from our students?slow teaching means giving students time to read and think.how often do we demand immediate answers to our questions? silence is more often uncomfortable than golden in the classroom.slow teaching also means resisting the temptation (诱惑) to finish every discussion and bring thinking to an end.slow teaching encourages us to work for as long as the topic demands, additionally, slow teaching means giving students time to explore the natural world and scientific concepts and time to go outside the curriculum and further explore it.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。在其他行业，人们似乎已经接受了慢节奏的生活方式，但在教育领域，慢节奏的教学仍遥不可及。8what is suggested in the first paragraph?apeople find it a luxury to enjoy time.bbeing slow is becoming a movement.cslowness is a recognized culture now.dit is difficult for people to slow down.解析：选c推理判断题。结合第一段提到的慢饮食、慢旅行和慢新闻以及它们带来的好处可推知，慢节奏的活动已成为人们认可的一种文化。9what can we know about students present situation?athey live in a fastpaced world.bthey are more silent than active.cthey mainly focus on reflecting.dthey lack good reading materials.解析：选a细节理解题。由第二段的“there must be activity, busyness and speed.reflection is out. we dont give students the time they need to read”，第三段的最后一句和最后一段可知，学校课程紧张，学生学习忙碌，甚至没有足够的时间思考、阅读、探索，即学生们处于一个快节奏的世界。10how can students benefit from slow teaching?athey neednt have a long teaching period.bthey can bring an end to every discussion.cthey have enough time to think and learn.dthey neednt answer every question in class.解析：选c细节理解题。由最后一段的第一句和最后一句可知，通过慢教学，学生可以有足够的时间进行阅读、思考、探索和学习等。11what may be the best title for the text?ashould school curriculums be changed?bits time for a slow teaching revolutioncthe way we read should be changeddis a speeddriven world out of date?解析：选b标题归纳题。本文主要表达了作者的一种主张，即slow teaching：减慢教学速度，给学生充分阅读、思考和探索的时间。dstephen hawking warns humansmust leave earth soonprofessor stephen hawking recently came out with a serious warning for people. while at the starmus festival, a festival in trondheim, norway, celebrating science and the arts, hawking warned people that the human race is in serious danger.hawking criticized president donald trump for denying climate change. then the physicist warned the audience, “i am not denying the importance of fighting climate change and global warming, unlike donald trump, who may just have taken the most serious and wrong decision on climate change this world has seen.”hawking proposed that the leading countries should send astronauts to the moon before 2020 to restart a movement of more exploration in space. the bbc reported that hawking suggested that we “build a lunar base in 30 years time and send people to mars by 2025”according to the bbc, professor hawking said, “spreading out into space will completely change the future of humanity.” he continued, “i hope it would unite competitive nations in a single goal to face the common challenge for us all.” the physicist shared more ideas to motivate the younger generation to continue exploring space. hawking stated, “a new and ambitious space program would excite (young people), and stimulate interest in other areas, such as astrophysics (天体物理学) and cosmology (宇宙学)”hawking also revealed his vision of other forms of energy that could move us to a new planet. he warned the audience, “the earth is under threat from so many areas that it is difficult for me to be positive.” he continued, “our natural resources are being drained at an alarming rate. we have given our planet the disastrous gifts of climate change, rising temperatures, reduction of the polar ice caps, deforestation (滥伐森林), and decimation (大批杀死) of animal species. we can be an ignorant and unthinking (考虑不周的) lot.”the professor warned the audience that doing nothing would lead nowhere. he said, “if we succeed we will send a probe (航天探测器) to alpha centauri within the lifetime of some of you alive today. it is clear that we are entering a new space age. we are standing at the threshold (开端) of a new era. human colonization and moving to other planets is no longer science fiction, and it can be science fact.” hawking advised the audience to move to other worlds because we are running out of space.语篇解读：文章引用了世界知名物理学及天文学家霍金的观点，阐明了人类必须离开地球在太空中找一处新家的原因。12according to hawking, what is the first step for humans to spread out into space?ato send people to mars.bto build a lunar base.cto send astronauts to the moon.dto change the future of humanity.解析：选c细节理解题。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人类要向太空扩展应在2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以重启太空探索，故选c项。13the underlined word “drained” in paragraph 5 can be replaced by “_”aspeeded up bstoredcused up dexplored解析：选c词义猜测题。由该词前面的“natural resources”和后面的“at an alarming rate”可以推断出，drain在这里是“用完，耗尽”的意思，故选c项。14what is hawkings attitude towards the earths future?apessimistic. bconfused.cpositive. dindifferent.解析：选a观点态度题。由文章中反复出现的“warned”以及第五段的内容可以推断出，霍金对地球的未来持悲观的态度，这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因，故选a项。15the reason why humans must leave the earth soon is that _.athe earth is under threat and the human race is in serious dangerbhumans have found other forms of energy to move to a new planetca new and ambitious space program would excite young peopledastronauts have found a better world in space than the earth解析：选a细节理解题。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知，人类必须离开地球的原因是：人类处于危险之中，地球受到威胁，故选a项。.阅读七选五some people choose to live in a flat sharing with others.others cant imagine leaving their perfect flats to live with lots of other people.if you live alone, youre responsible for your own space.if you need your quiet space, youre guaranteed to have it._1_ and you can catch up with work without being interrupted or have a long and undisturbed bath.however, theres no one around if you need a helping hand.if something gets broken, youll have to fix it yourself._2_ you dont have friends at home to invite yo