初三被动语态讲解.doc

2014年秋季九年级英语阶段性训练讲义（五）Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?Part A Grammar 被动语态：1观察并思考以下例句：1）我父亲出生于1960年。2）这支钢笔坏了。3）那只狗昨晚被车撞死了。4）这种花叫玫瑰。2基本构成： be（ ? ） 过去分词（动词pp）被动语态的不同时态, 是通过be的时态变化来实现的，其人称和单复数方面应与主语 保持一致。其具体变化为：共 9 种。例如，3. 基本用法 被动语态常用于以下两种情况： 1)不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者； 2)强调动作的承受者。例如： a. 这棵树是(被) 那个男孩弄断的。 The tree _ _ by that boy. ( break) b. Tom出身于1989年。Tom _ _ in 1989. ( bear) c. 这种书主要是针对青少年的。 This kind of book _ _ at teenagers. (aim)4熟练转换。转换图示： You must throw the broken pottery away at once The broken pottery _ _ _ _ at once（同义句） Where did they grow vegetables？（改为被动语态） Where _ vegetables _ ？ 5特别注意： 将主动语态变被动语态应注意几个特殊情况： 1)含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，有两种方法： 将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变； 将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介词to或for引导。例如： He told us a story（变被动语态） We were told a story（by him）或：A story was told to us by him Her mother gave her a new pen（变被动语态） A new pen _ _ _ her by her mother 2)短语动词的被动语态：在变为被动语态时，要将短语动词视为一个整体，其后的介词或副词不能省去。例如： This dictionary mustnt _ from the library Atake away Btaken away Care taken away Dbe taken away She will take good care of the children（变被动语态） The children will _ _ _ _ _ （by her） 3)含有复合宾语的主动结构变被动结构时，通常将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语就成为主语补足语。注意：省略to的不定式作宾补时，不定式符号to必须补上。例如： Someone saw him swim in Qianling Lake yesterday（变被动语态） He _ _ _ swim in Qianling Lake yesterday 4)不定式的被动结构：动词不定式的被动语态为“to be 过去分词”。例如： The radio says a wild animal zoo is to _ in our city Abe building Bbuild Cbe built Dbuilt 5)含情态动词的被动语态 被动语态练习题：1. _ a new library _ in our school last year? A. Is，built B. Was , built C. Does ; build D . Did ; build2. An accident _ on this road last week. A. has been happenedB. was happened C. is happened D. happened3. Cotton _ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow4. So far, the moon _ by man already. A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited5. A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives6. A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done7. The doctor _ for yet. A. isnt sent B. hasnt been sent C. wont be sent D. wasnt sent8.-When _ this kind of computers_? -Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C .is; used D. are; used9. Who _ this book _? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written10. Mary _ show me her new dictionary. A. has asked to B. was asked to C. is asked D. asks to11. A story _ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us12. The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump13.Older people _ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after14.Our teacher _ carefully.A. should be listened toB. should be listen C. be listenedD. is listened15. In some part of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar.A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served16. It was reported that the murderer _ arrested.A. has been B. had been C. has D. had17. Do you think that the bridge _ in a year?A. would be completedB. will be completed C. had been completed D. is being completed18. Great changes _ in China since the Peoples Republic of China _ in 1949.A. have taken place; was founded B. has taken place; was foundedC. have been taken place; founded D. took place; founded19. Why does Ling Ling look so unhappy? She has _ by her classmates.A. laughed B. laughed at C. been laughed D. been laughed at20. Hundreds of jobs _ if the factory closes. A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose21. I promise that matter will _.A. be taken care B. be taken care of C. take care D. take care of 22. No permission has _ for anybody to enter the building.A. been given B. given C. to give D. be given23. I _ ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.A. gave B. was given C. was giving D. had given24. Can such a thing _ happening again?A. prevent from B. prevented from C. be prevented from D. to prevent from25. A new house _ at the corner of the road.A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building26. This bike _ last year.A. bought B. has been bought C. was bought D. had been bought27 A new cinema _ here. They hope to finish it next month.A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being built28. It _ whether she will get her work in the hospital.A. hasnt been decidedB. isnt deciding C. doesnt decide D. hasnt decided29. The chairman told the speaker that she _ to speak a little louder so as to make herself _. A. was expected; heard B. had expected; hear C. had hoped; hear D. was hoped; heard30. I cant use my bike because it _.A. is repairing B. is being repaired C. will repair D. was repairingPart B 基础训练(一) 用所给词的适当形式填空或者根据句意完成句子1. After picking these_(leaf), the farmers send them for _(process).2.He avoided _ (watch) the show.3.We went to the _ (locally) farm.4.The _ (原料) of the product is_(广泛地) used by them.5.The flower is old. But many people think it is _ (live) at night.6. I _ (完成) a project last year.7.The _(德国人) doesnt believe that the mountain is _ (cover) with snow.8. The Chinese is _ (turn) into English.9.He_ （点燃）a cigarette just now.10.This company is a strong _(compete) for us.11. This company showed its_ protection products at the science fair.(environment)12.据我所知，这个展览会以它国际化的形式而闻名。 _.(二) 单项选择题。 以下考题均为中考真题或名校半期期末试题1. It will _me too much time to read this book. A. take B. cost C. spend D. pay2.- When did the terrible earthquake happen in Yaan Sichuan? -It happened _ 8:02 _ the morning of April 20th, 2013. A. on, in B. at, on C. at, in D. on, on3. My teacher says my spoken English is good, because I speak _ English _. A. every day, every day B. every day , everyday C. everyday , every day4. _ you do, dont touch this switch.AWhat BNo matter howCNo matter what DHow5. -Do you believe that paper is made _ wood? Yes, I do. And you can see that books are made _ paper.Afrom; from Bfrom; of Cof; from Dof; of6. .I think _ good to study with a group.I agree with you. Group work makes us study better.Athat Bit Cits Dthis7. Let me help you carry the box, Granny.Thank you, Li Lei. Its very nice _ you _ me.Aof; to help Bfor; to help Cof; helping Dfor; helping8. Do you like reading books?Yes. Each of us _ to do more reading in and after class.Aare encouraged Bencourage Cis encouraged Dis encouraging9. Passengers are not allowed _.Asmoke Bsmoking Cto smoke Dsmoked10. _Tom _ Tara are studying Chinese history and culture now. They find them rich and amazing.ABoth; and BNot only; but alsoCEither; or DNeither; nor11.Jim, would you please tidy up your room by yourself? _， you are no longer a child. All right, Im coming.AFirst of all BAfter all CAs a result DFor example 12. Do you know that there are many different _animals in the zoo? Yes, I do. I think some of them are_ scary. A. kinds of, kind of B. kinds of, kinds of C. kind of, kinds of D. kind of, kind of13. This pair of shoes _hand, and it _very comfortable. A. is made with, is felt B. are made from ,is felt C. are made of, feels D. is made by, feels14. Could you tell me _？More than a month.Awhen was YangzhouTaizhou Airport builtBhow often you go to YangzhouTaizhou AirportChow soon will YangzhouTaizhou Airport be builtDhow long YangzhouTaizhou Airport has been in service15. I have trouble _ English and Im so worried. Could you help me with it?Sure, Id love to.Ato learn Blearning Clearns Dto learningPart C 能力提高训练完型填空。 The umbrella is a very common object. It keeps the _1_ and the sun off the people. Most umbrellas can be folded up折叠 so it is _2_ to carry them. However, the umbrella has not always been as _3_as it is now. In the past, it was a symbol of importance. Some African countries still use umbrellas in this _4_ . Someone carries an umbrella and walks behind the king or important person. Umbrellas are very old. People in different parts of the world began to _5_ umbrellas at different times. The Chinese had them more than 3,000 years ago. From there, umbrellas _6_ to India and Egypt. In Greece and Rome, _7_ wouldnt use them. They believed umbrellas were only for women. England was _8_ the first country in Europe where common people used umbrellas against rain.The weather there is very _9_ and umbrellas are very useful. Everybody uses umbrellas today. The next time you _10_ one, thinking that for centuries only great men and women used them, youll feel you are important people,too.( )1.A.rain B.could C.air D.water ( )2.A.lovely B.cheap C.hard D.easy ( )3.A.light B.heavy C.common D.special( )4.A.way B.size C.reason D.place ( )5.A.discover B.use C. examine D. discuss( )6.A.walked B.travelled C.rode D.flew ( )7.A.children B.parents C.men D. women ( )8.A.probably B. already C.suddenly D. immediately( )9.A.sunny B. rainy C.snowy D. windy ( )10.A.sell B. return C.borrow D.carry 望子成龙学校家庭作业(五)一、按要求改写下列句子，每空一词。1. I think the trees were watered yesterday. (改为否定句) _2. The room was cleaned by Tom. (对划线部分提问) _ _ the room cleaned _?3. These knives can be used for cutting. (改为同义句) These knives can _ _ _ _.4. Tea, after water, is the most popular drink in the world.(改为同义句) Tea is _ _ _ popular drink in the world.5. The abacus was invented in the sixth century in China.(对划线部分提问) _ and _ _ the abacus invented?6. Why did you take my pen? (改为被动句) Why _ my pen _ by you?7. Jim took good care of the baby yesterday evening. (改为被动句) The baby _ _ _ _ _ by Jim yesterday evening.8. When are trees often planted by people? (改为主动句) When _ people often _ _?2、 完型填空。A king was old and he knew it was time to choose a new king. He told all the young p