试验一--MATLAB-语言基础实验.doc

试验一 MATLAB 语言基础实验（软件仿真）1、 MATLAB的基本操作1、 实验目的（1） 学习了解MATLAB语言环境（2） 练习MATLAB命令的基本操作（3） 练习m文件的基本操作2、 实验内容 （练习MATLAB命令的基本操作中的内容）1）常规矩阵输入 a=1 2 3a = 1 2 3 a=1;2;3a = 1 2 3 b=1 2 5b = 1 2 5 b=1 2 5; aa = 1 2 3 aans = 1 2 3 bb = 1 2 5 bans = 1 2 5 c=a*bc = 1 2 5 2 4 10 3 6 15 c=a*b? Error using = *Inner matrix dimensions must agree. a=1 2 3;4 5 6;7 8 0a = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 a2ans = 30 36 15 66 81 42 39 54 69 a0.5ans = 0.5977 + 0.7678i 0.7519 + 0.0979i 0.5200 - 0.4680i 1.4102 + 0.1013i 1.7741 + 0.6326i 1.2271 - 0.7467i 1.2757 - 1.0289i 1.6049 - 1.0272i 1.1100 + 1.6175i2）作循环命令程序 makesum=0; for i=1:1:100 makesum=makesum+i; end makesummakesum = 50503）分别执行下列命令 a=1 2 3;4 5 6;7 8 0a = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 poly(a)ans = 1.0000 -6.0000 -72.0000 -27.0000 rank(a)ans = 3 det(a)ans = 27 trace(a)ans = 6 inv(a)ans = -1.7778 0.8889 -0.1111 1.5556 -0.7778 0.2222 -0.1111 0.2222 -0.1111 eig(a)ans = 12.1229 -0.3884 -5.73454）练习m文件的基本操作 penddemo倒立摆控制系统：二、MATLAB的数值运算1、 实验目的（1） 学习MATLAB语言的基本矩阵运算（2） 学习MATLAB语言的点运算（3） 学习复杂运算2、 实验内容（1） 基本矩阵运算1）创建数值矩阵a=1 2 3;4 5 6;7 8 9; aa = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a(3,2)ans = 8 a(:,1)ans = 1 4 7t=0:10t = Columns 1 through 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Column 11 10 u=0:0.1:10u = Columns 1 through 6 0 0.1000 0.2000 0.3000 0.4000 0.5000 Columns 7 through 12 0.6000 0.7000 0.8000 0.9000 1.0000 1.1000 Columns 13 through 18 1.2000 1.3000 1.4000 1.5000 1.6000 1.7000 Columns 19 through 24 1.8000 1.9000 2.0000 2.1000 2.2000 2.3000 Columns 25 through 30 2.4000 2.5000 2.6000 2.7000 2.8000 2.9000 Columns 31 through 36 3.0000 3.1000 3.2000 3.3000 3.4000 3.5000 Columns 37 through 42 3.6000 3.7000 3.8000 3.9000 4.0000 4.1000 Columns 43 through 48 4.2000 4.3000 4.4000 4.5000 4.6000 4.7000 Columns 49 through 54 4.8000 4.9000 5.0000 5.1000 5.2000 5.3000 Columns 55 through 60 5.4000 5.5000 5.6000 5.7000 5.8000 5.9000 Columns 61 through 66 6.0000 6.1000 6.2000 6.3000 6.4000 6.5000 Columns 67 through 72 6.6000 6.7000 6.8000 6.9000 7.0000 7.1000 Columns 73 through 78 7.2000 7.3000 7.4000 7.5000 7.6000 7.7000 Columns 79 through 84 7.8000 7.9000 8.0000 8.1000 8.2000 8.3000 Columns 85 through 90 8.4000 8.5000 8.6000 8.7000 8.8000 8.9000 Columns 91 through 96 9.0000 9.1000 9.2000 9.3000 9.4000 9.5000 Columns 97 through 101 9.6000 9.7000 9.8000 9.9000 10.0000a(:,3)=2;3;4a = 1 2 2 4 5 3 7 8 4b=1 1+2i;3+4i 3b = 1.0000 1.0000 + 2.0000i 3.0000 + 4.0000i 3.0000 2)创建特殊矩阵 a=ones(3,3)a = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 b=zeros(2,2)b = 0 0 0 0 c=eye(4)c = 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 magic(4)ans = 16 2 3 13 5 11 10 8 9 7 6 12 4 14 15 13）练习矩阵运算a=0 1 0;0 0 1;-6 -11 -6; b=1 2;3 4;5 6; c=1 1 0;0 1 1; v1=c*av1 = 0 1 1 -6 -11 -5 v2=a*bv2 = 3 4 5 6 -69 -92 v3=c*a*bv3 = 8 10 -64 -86 v4=b*cv4 = 1 3 2 3 7 4 5 11 6 v5=c*bv5 = 4 6 8 10 a2ans = 0 0 1 -6 -11 -6 36 60 25 a(1/2)ans = 0.0000 + 0.4894i -0.0000 - 0.5588i -0.0000 - 0.0482i 0.0000 + 0.2891i 0.0000 + 1.0195i -0.0000 - 0.2696i 0.0000 + 1.6179i 0.0000 + 3.2553i 0.0000 + 2.6374i a1=a+b*ca1 = 1 4 2 3 7 5 -1 0 0 a2=c*b-a(1:2,1:2)a2 = 4 5 8 10 a3=a(1:2,2:3)+c*ba3 = 5 6 8 11 ar=c/aar = -0.8333 -1.0000 -0.1667 1.0000 1.0000 0 al=abal = -5.6667 -8.6667 1.0000 2.0000 3.0000 4.00004)练习矩阵特征运算 aans = 0 0 -6 1 0 -11 0 1 -6 inv(a)ans = -1.8333 -1.0000 -0.1667 1.0000 0 0 0 1.0000 0 diag(a)ans = 0 0 -6 tril(a)ans = 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6 -11 -6 inv(a)ans = -1.8333 -1.0000 -0.1667 1.0000 0 0 0 1.0000 0 poly(a)ans = 1.0000 6.0000 11.0000 6.0000 rank(a)ans = 3 det(a)ans = -6 trace(a)ans = -6 eig(a)ans = -1.0000 -2.0000 -3.0000（2） MATLAB语言点的运算1）练习点乘与点除a1=1 2;3 4; a2=0.2*a1; a1 a2ans = 1.0000 2.0000 0.2000 0.4000 3.0000 4.0000 0.6000 0.8000 a1.*a2 a1./a2ans = 0.2000 0.8000 5.0000 5.0000 1.8000 3.2000 5.0000 5.00002）由点运算完成标量函数运算与作图t=0:2*pi/180:2*pit = Columns 1 through 6 0 0.0349 0.0698 0.1047 0.1396 0.1745 Columns 7 through 12 0.2094 0.2443 0.2793 0.3142 0.3491 0.3840 Columns 13 through 18 0.4189 0.4538 0.4887 0.5236 0.5585 0.5934 Columns 19 through 24 0.6283 0.6632 0.6981 0.7330 0.7679 0.8029 Columns 25 through 30 0.8378 0.8727 0.9076 0.9425 0.9774 1.0123 Columns 31 through 36 1.0472 1.0821 1.1170 1.1519 1.1868 1.2217 Columns 37 through 42 1.2566 1.2915 1.3265 1.3614 1.3963 1.4312 Columns 43 through 48 1.4661 1.5010 1.5359 1.5708 1.6057 1.6406 Columns 49 through 54 1.6755 1.7104 1.7453 1.7802 1.8151 1.8500 Columns 55 through 60 1.8850 1.9199 1.9548 1.9897 2.0246 2.0595 Columns 61 through 66 2.0944 2.1293 2.1642 2.1991 2.2340 2.2689 Columns 67 through 72 2.3038 2.3387 2.3736 2.4086 2.4435 2.4784 Columns 73 through 78 2.5133 2.5482 2.5831 2.6180 2.6529 2.6878 Columns 79 through 84 2.7227 2.7576 2.7925 2.8274 2.8623 2.8972 Columns 85 through 90 2.9322 2.9671 3.0020 3.0369 3.0718 3.1067 Columns 91 through 96 3.1416 3.1765 3.2114 3.2463 3.2812 3.3161 Columns 97 through 102 3.3510 3.3859 3.4208 3.4558 3.4907 3.5256 Columns 103 through 108 3.5605 3.5954 3.6303 3.6652 3.7001 3.7350 Columns 109 through 114 3.7699 3.8048 3.8397 3.8746 3.9095 3.9444 Columns 115 through 120 3.9794 4.0143 4.0492 4.0841 4.1190 4.1539 Columns 121 through 126 4.1888 4.2237 4.2586 4.2935 4.3284 4.3633 Columns 127 through 132 4.3982 4.4331 4.4680 4.5029 4.5379 4.5728 Columns 133 through 138 4.6077 4.6426 4.6775 4.7124 4.7473 4.7822 Columns 139 through 144 4.8171 4.8520 4.8869 4.9218 4.9567 4.9916 Columns 145 through 150 5.0265 5.0615 5.0964 5.1313 5.1662 5.2011 Columns 151 through 156 5.2360 5.2709 5.3058 5.3407 5.3756 5.4105 Columns 157 through 162 5.4454 5.4803 5.5152 5.5501 5.5851 5.6200 Columns 163 through 168 5.6549 5.6898 5.7247 5.7596 5.7945 5.8294 Columns 169 through 174 5.8643 5.8992 5.9341 5.9690 6.0039 6.0388 Columns 175 through 180 6.0737 6.1087 6.1436 6.1785 6.2134 6.2483 Column 181 6.2832y1=sin(t)y1 = Columns 1 through 6 0 0.0349 0.0698 0.1045 0.1392 0.1736 Columns 7 through 12 0.2079 0.2419 0.2756 0.3090 0.3420 0.3746 Columns 13 through 18 0.4067 0.4384 0.4695 0.5000 0.5299 0.5592 Columns 19 through 24 0.5878 0.6157 0.6428 0.6691 0.6947 0.7193 Columns 25 through 30 0.7431 0.7660 0.7880 0.8090 0.8290 0.8480 Columns 31 through 36 0.8660 0.8829 0.8988 0.9135 0.9272 0.9397 Columns 37 through 42 0.9511 0.9613 0.9703 0.9781 0.9848 0.9903 Columns 43 through 48 0.9945 0.9976 0.9994 1.0000 0.9994 0.9976 Columns 49 through 54 0.9945 0.9903 0.9848 0.9781 0.9703 0.9613 Columns 55 through 60 0.9511 0.9397 0.9272 0.9135 0.8988 0.8829 Columns 61 through 66 0.8660 0.8480 0.8290 0.8090 0.7880 0.7660 Columns 67 through 72 0.7431 0.7193 0.6947 0.6691 0.6428 0.6157 Columns 73 through 78 0.5878 0.5592 0.5299 0.5000 0.4695 0.4384 Columns 79 through 84 0.4067 0.3746 0.3420 0.3090 0.2756 0.2419 Columns 85 through 90 0.2079 0.1736 0.1392 0.1045 0.0698 0.0349 Columns 91 through 96 0.0000 -0.0349 -0.0698 -0.1045 -0.1392 -0.1736 Columns 97 through 102 -0.2079 -0.2419 -0.2756 -0.3090 -0.3420 -0.3746 Columns 103 through 108 -0.4067 -0.4384 -0.4695 -0.5000 -0.5299 -0.5592 Columns 109 through 114 -0.5878 -0.6157 -0.6428 -0.6691 -0.6947 -0.7193 Columns 115 through 120 -0.7431 -0.7660 -0.7880 -0.8090 -0.8290 -0.8480 Columns 121 through 126 -0.8660 -0.8829 -0.8988 -0.9135 -0.9272 -0.9397 Columns 127 through 132 -0.9511 -0.9613 -0.9703 -0.9781 -0.9848 -0.9903 Columns 133 through 138 -0.9945 -0.9976 -0.9994 -1.0000 -0.9994 -0.9976 Columns 139 through 144 -0.9945 -0.9903 -0.9848 -0.9781 -0.9703 -0.9613 Columns 145 through 150 -0.9511 -0.9397 -0.9272 -0.9135 -0.8988 -0.8829 Columns 151 through 156 -0.8660 -0.8480 -0.8290 -0.8090 -0.7880 -0.7660 Columns 157 through 162 -0.7431 -0.7193 -0.6947 -0.6691 -0.6428 -0.6157 Columns 163 through 168 -0.5878 -0.5592 -0.5299 -0.5000 -0.4695 -0.4384 Columns 169 through 174 -0.4067 -0.3746 -0.3420 -0.3090 -0.2756 -0.2419 Columns 175 through 180 -0.2079 -0.1736 -0.1392 -0.1045 -0.0698 -0.0349 Column 181 -0.0000 y2=cos(t)y2 = Columns 1 through 6 1.0000 0.9994 0.9976 0.9945 0.9903 0.9848 Columns 7 through 12 0.9781 0.9703 0.9613 0.9511 0.9397 0.9272 Columns 13 through 18 0.9135 0.8988 0.8829 0.8660 0.8480 0.8290 Columns 19 through 24 0.8090 0.7880 0.7660 0.7431 0.7193 0.6947 Columns 25 through 30 0.6691 0.6428 0.6157 0.5878 0.5592 0.5299 Columns 31 through 36 0.5000 0.4695 0.4384 0.4067 0.3746 0.3420 Columns 37 through 42 0.3090 0.2756 0.2419 0.2079 0.1736 0.1392 Columns 43 through 48 0.1045 0.0698 0.0349 0.0000 -0.0349 -0.0698 Columns 49 through 54 -0.1045 -0.1392 -0.1736 -0.2079 -0.2419 -0.2756 Columns 55 through 60 -0.3090 -0.3420 -0.3746 -0.4067 -0.4384 -0.4695 Columns 61 through 66 -0.5000 -0.5299 -0.5592 -0.5878 -0.6157 -0.6428 Columns 67 through 72 -0.6691 -0.6947 -0.7193 -0.7431 -0.7660 -0.7880 Columns 73 through 78 -0.8090 -0.8290 -0.8480 -0.8660 -0.8829 -0.8988 Columns 79 through 84 -0.9135 -0.9272 -0.9397 -0.9511 -0.9613 -0.9703 Columns 85 through 90 -0.9781 -0.9848 -0.9903 -0.9945 -0.9976 -0.9994 Columns 91 through 96 -1.0000 -0.9994 -0.9976 -0.9945 -0.9903 -0.9848 Columns 97 through 102 -0.9781 -0.9703 -0.9613 -0.9511 -0.9397 -0.9272 Columns 103 through 108 -0.9135 -0.8988 -0.8829 -0.8660 -0.8480 -0.8290 Columns 109 through 114 -0.8090 -0.7880 -0.7660 -0.7431 -0.7193 -0.6947 Columns 115 through 120 -0.6691 -0.6428 -0.6157 -0.5878 -0.5592 -0.5299 Columns 121 through 126 -0.5000 -0.4695 -0.4384 -0.4067 -0.3746 -0.3420 Columns 127 through 132 -0.3090 -0.2756 -0.2419 -0.2079 -0.1736 -0.1392 Columns 133 through 138 -0.1045 -0.0698 -0.0349 -0.0000 0.0349 0.0698 Columns 139 through 144 0.1045 0.1392 0.1736 0.2079 0.2419 0.2756 Columns 145 through 150 0.3090 0.3420 0.3746 0.4067 0.4384 0.4695 Columns 151 through 156 0.5000 0.5299 0.5592 0.5878 0.6157 0.6428 Columns 157 through 162 0.6691 0.6947 0.7193 0.7431 0.7660 0.7880 Columns 163 through 168 0.8090 0.8290 0.8480 0.8660 0.8829 0.8988 Columns 169 through 174 0.9135 0.9272 0.9397 0.9511 0.9613 0.9703 Columns 175 through 180 0.9781 0.9848 0.9903 0.9945 0.9976 0.9994 Column 181 1.0000y=y1.*y2y = Columns 1 through 6 0 0.0349 0.0696 0.1040 0.1378 0.1710 Columns 7 through 12 0.2034 0.2347 0.2650 0.2939 0.3214 0.3473 Columns 13 through 18 0.3716 0.3940 0.4145 0.4330 0.4494 0.4636 Columns 19 through 24 0.4755 0.4851 0.4924 0.4973 0.4997 0.4997 Columns 25 through 30 0.4973 0.4924 0.4851 0.4755 0.4636 0.4494 Columns 31 through 36 0.4330 0.4145 0.3940 0.3716 0.3473 0.3214 Columns 37 through 42 0.2939 0.2650 0.2347 0.2034 0.1710 0.1378 Columns 43 through 48 0.1040 0.0696 0.0349 0.0000 -0.0349 -0.0696 Columns 49 through 54 -0.1040 -0.1378 -0.1710 -0.2034 -0.2347 -0.2650 Columns 55 through 60 -0.2939 -0.3214 -0.3473 -0.3716 -0.3940 -0.4145 Columns 61 through 66 -0.4330 -0.4494 -0.4636 -0.4755 -0.4851 -0.4924 Columns 67 through 72 -0.4973 -0.4997 -0.4997 -0.4973 -0.4924 -0.4851 Columns 73 through 78 -0.4755 -0.4636 -0.4494 -0.4330 -0.4145 -0.3940 Columns 79 through 84 -0.3716 -0.3473 -0.3214 -0.2939 -0.2650 -0.2347 Columns 85 through 90 -0.2034 -0.1710 -0.1378 -0.1040 -0.0696 -0.0349 Columns 91 through 96 -0.0000 0.0349 0.0696 0.1040 0.1378 0.1710 Columns 97 through 102 0.2034 0.2347 0.2650 0.2939 0.3214 0.3473 Columns 103 through 108 0.3716 0.3940 0.4145 0.4330 0.4494 0.4636 Columns 109 through 114 0.4755 0.4851 0.4924 0.4973 0.4997 0.4997 Columns 115 through 120 0.4973 0.4924 0.4851 0.4755 0.4636 0.4494 Columns 121 through 126 0.4330 0.4145 0.3940 0.3716 0.3473 0.3214 Columns 127 through 132 0.2939 0.2650 0.2347 0.2034 0.1710 0.1378 Columns 133 through 138 0.1040 0.0696 0.0349 0.0000 -0.0349 -0.0696 Columns 139 through 144 -0.1040 -0.1378 -0.1710 -0.2034 -0.2347 -0.2650 Columns 145 through 150 -0.2939 -0.3214 -0.3473 -0.3716 -0.3940 -0.4145 Columns 151 through 156 -0.4330 -0.4494 -0.4636 -0.4755 -0.4851 -0.4924 Columns 157 through 162 -0.4973 -0.4997 -0.4997 -0.4973 -0.4924 -0.4851 Columns 163 through 168 -0.4755 -0.4636 -0.4494 -0.4330 -0.4145 -0.3940 Columns 169 through 174 -0.3716 -0.3473 -0.3214 -0.2939 -0.2650 -0.2347 Columns 175 through 180 -0.2034 -0.1710 -0.1378 -0.1040 -0.0696 -0.0349 Column 181 -0.0000 plot(t,y y1 y2); w=0.1:0.1:2w = Columns 1 through 6 0.1000 0.2000 0.3000 0.4000 0.5000 0.6000 Columns 7 through 12 0.7000 0.8000 0.9000 1.0000 1.1000 1.2000 Columns 13 through 18 1.3000 1.4000 1.5000 1.6000 1.7000 1.8000 Columns 19 through 20 1.9000 2.0000 g1=(1+0.5*w*i)/(1-0.5*w*i)g1 = -1.0296g2=(1+0.5*w*i)./(1-0.5*w*i)g2 = Columns 1 through 6 -1.5000 -1.2222 -1.1429 -1.1053 -1.0833 -1.0690 Columns 7 through 12 -1.0588 -1.0513 -1.0455 -1.0408 -1.0370 -1.0339 Columns 13 through 18 -1.0313 -1.0290 -1.0270 -1.0253 -1.0238 -1.0225 Columns 19 through 20 -1.0213 -1.0202plot(g2)xlabel(real g2(w)ylabel(imag g2(w)axis(square)(3) 多项式运算1）建立多项式向量ap=1 3 3 1a p= 1 3 3 1 b=-1 -2 -3b = -1 -2 -3bp=poly(b)bp = 1 6 11 62)练习多项式乘与求根p=conv(ap,bp)p = 1 9 32 58 57 29 6 roots(p)ans = -3.0000 -2.0000 -1.0003 -1.0000 + 0.0003i -1.0000 - 0.0003i -0.9997 3）练习多项式运算a=