初中英语形容词副词讲解与练习.doc

形容词和副词I.形容词：形容词的位置：1) 形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置：1修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时nobody absent, everything possible2以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后the best book available, the only solution possible3alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置the only person awake4和空间、时间、单位连用时a bridge 50 meters long5成对的形容词可以后置a huge room simple and beautiful6形容词短语一般后置a man difficult to get on with2) 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序：代词数词性状形容词冠词前的形容词冠词指示代词不定代词代词所有格序数词基数词性质状态大小长短形状新旧温度颜色国籍产地材料质地名词allbothsuchtheathisanotheryoursecondnextonefourbeautifulgoodpoorlargeshortsquarenewcoolblackyellowChineseLondonsilkstone3) 复合形容词的构成：1形容词+名词+edkind-hearted6名词+形容词world-famous2形容词+形容词dark-blue7名词+现在分词peace-loving3形容词+现在分词ordinary-looking8名词+过去分词snow-covered4副词+现在分词hard-working9数词+名词+edthree-egged5副词+过去分词newly-built10数词+名词twenty-yearII. 副词副词的分类：1时间副词soon, now, early, finally, once, recently5频度副词always, often, frequently, seldom, never2地点副词here, nearby, outside, upwards, above6疑问副词how, where, when, why3方式副词hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really7连接副词how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile4程度副词almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather8关系副词when, where, whyIII.形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法：级别比较程度表达方式和意义例 句备 注原级同等程度肯定形式as+原级+as(像一样)Art is as interesting as music.Play as well as you can.否定形式not + so (as) +原级+as(不如那样)English is not so difficult as science.She does not think swimming is as interesting as hiking.注意I dont think否定前移句型比较级不同程度（用于两者比较）比较级+than(比)Jim is older than Lucy.I like pork better than beef.比较级前面可以加much, far, even, still,a lot, a little, a bit等程度加深比较级+and+比较级（越来越）The + 比较级，the + 比较级（越, 越）He is growing taller and taller.He studies better and better.The more books she reads, the better she understand.最高级最高程度（用于三者或三者以上）The +最高级+of (in)(最)Spring is the best season of the year.Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all.副词最高级前面的the 往往省略注意：有些形容词，如 dead, empty, round, sure, woolen 等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。 形容词和副词比较等级：形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。1. 同级比较时常常用 asas以及not so(as)as如：I am not so good a player as you are.2. 可以修饰比较级的词有：much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。3. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the morethe more”句型。如：The harder you work, the more progress you will make.4. 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如：I have never spent a more worrying day.5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours./Our school is four times the size of yours. 6. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。聚焦中考题（ ）1. It was _ weather that they decided to go out for a picnic. A. such fine B. such a fine C. so fine D. so fine a （ ）2. My parents will go there by taxi because it is raining_. A. badly B. hardly C. probably D. heavily（ ）3. Daniel is a careful driver, but he drives _ of my friends. A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully（ ）4. Mrs King kept weighing herself to see how much_she was getting. A. heavy B. heavier C. the heavier D. the heaviest（ ）5. Did you watch the basketball match last weekend?Yes, I did. It was covered_, and I think it was wonderful. A. live B. alive C living D. lively（ ）6. The girls voice sounds_. Maybe she can become a good singer when she grows up. A. sweet B. sweetly C. beautifully（ ）7. How are you today, Bob?Im even_now. I dont think the medicine is good for me. A. better B. worse C. happier D. unluckier（ ）8. Billy has all kinds of different ideas. He is_to be a famous writer. A. enough creative B. creative enough C. energetic enough D. enough energetic（ ）9. Helen learns to dance three times a week. Now she dances_Anita does. A. so good as B. as well as C. as good as D. so well as（ ）10. When the fire broke out, many people were so_that they ran_. A. frightening; wild B. frightened; wild C. frightened; wildly D. frightening; wildly（ ）11. The work is too difficult for Mr Zhu to finish in a week. He needs_days. A. more two B. two more C. two another D. another more（ ）12. In the Science Museum, the children felt_to see so many_things. A. surprised; amazed B. surprising; amazing C surprising; amazed D. surprised; amazing （ ）13. It was _ music that I lost myself in it. A. such a beautiful B. so beautiful a C. so beautiful D. such beautiful（ ）14. Be _. Make sure not to make the same spelling mistake next time. A. peaceful B. careful C. helpful D. thankful （ ）15. When an earthquake happens, and you are outdoors, you should keep calm and go to an open area as _as possible. A. slowlyB. quietlyC. widely D. quickly（ ）16. Ive got nothing to do. Im _.A. bored B. interested C. excited D. frightened（ ）17. She was _ well dressed th