山东省各地市2012年高考英语最新试题分类汇编17阅读理.doc

嘉兴英语教学网 收集整理 欢迎使用专题三 阅读理解(六)【山东省潍坊市重点中学2012届高三2月月考】 CEndangered languages are languages that wouldnt exist any longer, much like endangered species of plants or animals. Languages are considered to be endangered when parents are no longer teaching the language to their children and are not using it actively in everyday life. A language is considered to nearly disappear when it is spoken by only a few elderly native speakers.The world faces enormous challenges in order to protect different kinds of languages. Of the more than 6,912 languages, half may be in danger of disappearing in the next several decades.It is caused by many reasons: small numbers of speakers, the regular use of other languages, attitudes towards their languages, moving of the younger population, government policies, and languages used in education and so on. A language may lack important things such as a body of literature, and people who read and write it. A language may also lack prestige (声望) and support of its speakers.The survival of a language is also threatened when speakers move to other areas where different languages are spoken, or when government policies improve the use of a specific language in school, official business and the media. These situations encourage people to learn the wider-known language and may cause them, especially the young, to stop using their mother tongue. Often those speaking lesser-known languages will choose to learn a more prestigious language with the hope of greater economic opportunities. Most of the worlds parents are teaching their children English, French, Spanish, Chinese, Arabic, Russian or some other main languages instead of their own languages for social and economic reasons.66.Whats the main idea of this passage?ALanguages in the world. BReasons why languages become endangered.CWhat an endangered language is. DLanguages spoken by few speakers.67.About _languages will probably disappear in this century according to the passage.Amore than 6,912 Bmore than 3,456 C6,912Dless than 3,45668.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?=Paragraph1=Paragraph2 =Paragraph3 =Paragraph469.We can infer that the best way to maintain an endangered language is to _.Aforbid the speakers to move about Bpass laws to protect the languageCraise the salaries of the people who speak the languageDteach the language to young children and encourage people to speak it often70.All of the following about languages are true EXCEPT _.Amany languages will be probably endangered in this centuryBgovernment policies have a big effect on languagesCthe endangered language is a language that is spoken by a few peopleDlanguages are related to their speakers social and economic position 【答案】66-70 BBDDC 【山东省潍坊市重点中学2012届高三2月月考】 DWhy can some people sleep through noises like a honking car or flushing toilet, while others are awakened by the lightest sound?To find the answer, sleep researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital conducted an unusual study of 12 self-described deep sleepers. After tests confirmed that the healthy volunteers were solid sleepers, they took part in a three-night study in the universitys sleep laboratory. The participants spent the night in a big and comfortable room. But the room also included four speakers positioned near the top of the bed.During the night, the deep sleepers were subjected to 14 different recorded sounds, like street traffic, toilets flushing, and an airplane flying overhead. Next door, the researchers monitored their sleep patterns and brain waves.As expected, all of the participants slept relatively well, but there were differences in how they responded to the noisy interruptions. Some of the sleepers didnt wake up even when a sound was blasted at 70 decibels（分贝）；others were awakened by sounds at 40 or 50 decibels.The researchers discovered that the difference in a sleepers reaction to noise could be predicted by the level of brain activity called “sleep spindles（纺锤体）”. A sleep spindle is a burst of high-frequency brain activity coming from deep inside the brain during sleep. The source of the spindles is the thalamus（丘脑）, a part of the brain that sends sensory information to the rest of the cortex（皮层）.Before the study, the Massachusetts researchers theorized that the spindles are the brains way of preventing sensory information from passing through the thalamus and waking the rest of the brain during sleep. They found that sleepers who experienced the most sleep spindles during the night were also the soundest sleepers and were least likely to be awakened by noise.Scientists already know that most people become lighter sleepers with age, most likely because older people experience less “slow wave sleep”, which is the deepest stage of sleep. People also produce fewer sleep spindles as they age. But even when controlling for the stage of sleep a person was in, the number of sleep spindles still predicted their risk for awakening because of noise.More research is needed, but the findings suggest that a better understanding of sleep spindles could lead to new behavioral or drug therapies for people with sleep disorders. For example, future studies may try to determine whether diet, exercise or other behaviors may influence the number of sleep spindles a person produces during the night.71. Some participants can sleep well through loud noises mainly because _.A. their brains dont respond to outside noises. B. their brains react differently to noises.C. they adapt too the environment quickly. D. they dont pay attention to the monitors.72. Scientists believe that the key to affecting deep sleep is_.A. sleep spindles B. stages of sleepC. sleep disordersD. sensory information73. It can be learned from the passage that_.A. The older a deep sleeper becomes, the lighter his sleep must be.B. The more “slow wave sleep” one experiences, the deeper sleep one has.C. The more frequently a sleepers brain works, the less information it sends.D. The deeper sleep people have, the more likely they will be awakened by noise.74. From the passage we can predict_.A. more factors in influencing sleep spindles may be discovered.B. more solid sleepers will take part in relative experiments.C. sleep spindles will be applied to change ones behaviors.D. deep sleepers will probably enjoy a more healthy life.75. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The differences between the deep sleepers and the light sleepers.B. The experiments conducted by Massachusetts General Hospital.C. The discovery and the importance of “sleep spindles”.D. The new behaviors or drug therapies for people with sleep disorders.【答案】 7175 BABAC【山东省淄博一中2012届高三教学质量检测（四）】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe cheapest room and board in Jefferson City, Missouri，over the weekend was at the county(县)jail(监狱)，and 170 people gladly checked inCole County charged$30 a night for anyone who volunteered to go behind bars on Friday or Saturday night SO officials could give the new jail a test run before it opened for real this weekPeople from three states spent the night at the jail，including some lawyers and a couple celebrating their first anniversary“It was something they could experience without having to get a criminal record，”Cole County Sheriff(治安官)Greg White said“They spent the night and gained all understanding that they would not want to ever do this again”Jailers tried to give the citizens the full experienceThey were told to give up their jewelry, cell phones，and other personal belongingsThey were booked and photographed and led into the jail commonsThey could keep their cell doors open，but that trapped feeling was still there because the outer room doors were locked，said Bob Watson，60，a reporter for the Jefferson City News-Tribune who spent Friday night at the jail. “While it was not a true copy of jail，you got some sense of what its like to hear that door lock behind you，”Watson saidTwo other feelings were boredom and a lack of choice，illustrated by the television being left on one channel and drowned out anyway by everybody talkingBed was a steel bunk with a thin mattress(垫)。Overhead，a 40-watt bulb stayed 1it through the night in each cellHandy for guards to see inmates，but not helpful to good sleepHow about the food? Dinner Friday night included cheesy pasta with turkey bits and coffee cake“I wouldnt pay for it in a restaurant，but you wont die trying to eat it，”Watson said56. The 170 people stayed in the county jail to Amake a holiday Bget punishment Cdo a research Dmake money57. Whats the main idea of the 3rd paragraph?AThe jailers performed their duty well BThe jails test run proved successfulCThe 170 had the feeling of real prisonersDThe 170 werent treated as real prisoners58. The underlined phrase “illustrated by”is used to Aintroduce a new topic Bdraw a conclusionCgive an example Dshow the result59. The l70 people were able to in the county jailAmake phone calls Bsleep well Cgo around freely Dchat with others60. How did Watson like the food?AHe enjoyed it BHe didnt like itCHe thought it equaled a restaurants DHe didnt eat it at all BMalaysia has launched a fleet of women-only taxis，a project that follows pink-coloured train carriages and buses aimed at protecting women from harassment，reports said SundayFifty women taxi drivers have started shuttling greater Kuala Lumpur(吉隆坡)on an on-call basis，and the government hopes the number of special taxis will expand to 400According to Heng Seai Kei，deputy minister for the states Women，Family and Community Development，the taxis made travelling safer for women，as well as providing jobs for women who wanted to be taxi drivers“We hope it will reduce the number of rape and robbery cases involving taxi drivers and female victims，” Heng said at the launch of the serviceThe idea was to have taxis that were “driven by women，for women”The service would also help create job opportunities for women，especially single mothers，housewives and pensioners，who were looking for another source of income for their familyThe ministry and Abex Manufacturing Sdn Bhd are providing training and courses for those who were interested to become female taxi drivers，said HengOne of the taxi drivers Faridah Idris，38，said the service provided women a safer option to travel in“Women passengers are normally more comfortable with USFor female drivers，there are always risks when picking up passengers，especially at nightWith this project，both female drivers and passengers can feel safer,” she saidLate last year, Malaysias state-owned bus company began running female-only buses on several routes in Kuala Lumpur during peak hours to help prevent sexual harassment on crowded public transportThey followed ladies-only pink train carriages launched on the transport system to give the women in the Muslim-majority country the option of travelling separately from men61. The underlined word “harassment” in the first paragraph refers to some kind of .Aunpleasant service Btraffic accidentCenvironmental pollution Dbad behavior62. What is told about the taxi service in Kuala Lumpur?AMen drivers cant take women passengersBMen drivers cant drive the women-only taxis，CWomen drivers Cant drive ordinary taxisDNo taxi can mix men and women passengers63. The women-only taxi fleet will employ .Aonly experienced driversBonly part-time driversCsome volunteer drivers Dsome newly-trained drivers64. The new information we get from Faridah Idris words is that the project can .Aprovide jobs for more womenBmake women passengers saferCreduce the women drivers risksDimprove the transport service65. A women-only transportation tool can probably be recognized easily by its .Asound Bcolour Csize DshapeCDo you know about a series of books that say they are for dummies? These American self-help books have been translated into more than thirty nine languages including Chinese, Arabic, Russian, French, German, Greek and Spanish. Dummy is a word for a stupid person. The dummies books are not really for stupid people. They are designed to show people how to do something they may never have tried before, like painting a house or learning a language. Tile books all say in a funny way that they are for dummies, such as World History for Dummies, Rabbits for Dummies, Chinese Cooking for Dummies, and Wedding Planning for Dummies. The first such book, DOS for Dummies, was published in 1991. It helped people learn how to use the DOS operating system for computers. Since then, more than one hundred fifty million dummies books have been sold.The dummies, com website explains the idea behind the books. It says that they show that people can be taught to do anything. First they can make fun of ideas that are difficult to understand. Then they show how the information can be interesting and easy. The publishers say that the books do not provide more information than necessary. They give readers just enough information to do what they want. They say that the dummies books give the best and easiest way to do something. And the books use simple and easy language.There are more than one thousand different dummies books. A report in New York Times says that the top-selling dummies books are those that explain technology and personal finance.The publishers say that the best-selling dummies books are those providing information many people need-like information about diseases, education and cooking. People interest, in opera, car repair and wine can also find dummies books to help them. And there are even, more dummies books to come. The publishers say that they publish about two hundred new dummies books every year.66. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?A. Books for Dummies B. The Easiest, the Best C. Self-Help Books D. New Ideas behind the Books67. According to the dummies, com website, people can with the help of dummies books.A. simplify some personal things B. do anything they wantC. become expert in any field D. learn any foreign language68. The dummies books have been popular because .A. they provide just what is needed and are easy to understandB. they provide abundant information on the concerning subjectC. people can learn to do anything with just one copyD. people can save lots of money through self-teaching69. According to New York Times, we know that books on sell best.A. technology and personal finance B. opera and car repairingC. diseases and education D. cooking and world history70. What call we learn from the passage?A. The first dummies book was on Chinese cooking.B. The dummies books will continue to be popular.C. Fifty million different dummies books have been published.D. The simple language was intended for child readers.DYouve heard of the fat suit and the pregnancy suit；now meet AGNESthe old person suitAGNES stands for “Age Gain Now Empathy(换位体验)System” and was designed by researchers at MITs AgeLab to let you know what it feels likephysicallyto be 75 years old“The business of old age demands new tools，”said Joseph Coughlin，director of the AgeLab“While focus groups and observations and surveys can help you understand what the older consumer needs and wants，young marketers never get that Ah ha! moment of having difficulty opening a jar, or getting in and out of a carThats what AGNES provides”Coughlin and his team carefully adjusted the suit to make the wearer just as uncomfortable as an old person who has spent a lifetime eating poorly and not doing much exerciseSpecial shoes provide a feeling of imbalance，while braces on the knees and elbows limit joint mobilityGloves give the feeling of decreased strength and mobility in the hands and wrists，and earplugs make it difficult to hear highpitched sounds and soft tonesA helmet with straps(带)attached to