九年级动词专项复习(鲁教版).doc

英语动词专项复习一、教学目标：复习掌握动词的四种基本形式、系动词、及物动词和非及物动词的变化和使用二、复习要点1、 动词的基本形式初中阶段动词的基本形式有：动词现在式、过去式、过去分词、现在分词。（1） 动词现在式 动词在一般现在式中有两种应用：动词原形（主语是第一、第二和第三人称复数）和动词第三人称单数（主语是第三人称单数）动词第三人称单数的变化规则动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同，请认真观察。 1、大多数动词在词尾加“S” stopstops makemakes readreads playplays 2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es” flyflies carrycarries studystudies worryworries 3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es” teachteaches watchwatches finish-finishes fix-fixes miss-misses4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es” gogoes dodoes 5、不规则的要注意be-is have-has（2）、动词过去式及过去分词动词过去式主要用于一般过去时，过去分词主要用于现在完成时和过去完成时变化规则：1)在词尾+ed look-looked play-played2)以不发音的e结尾的动词+d live-lived hope-hoped3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i+ed study-studied carry-carried4)以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的动词双写最后的辅音字母+edstop-stopped fit-fitted5）不规则的要注意ride-rode-ridden fly-flew-flown （具体变化参照老师教授的不规则表）(3)现在分词现在分词主要应用于现在进行时变化规则：1）一般情况下，直接在动词后加ing work - working sleep - sleeping study - studying 2） 动词以不发音的e结尾，要去e加ing take - taking make - making dance - dancing 3）重读闭音节的动词，要双写词尾字母，再加ing cut - cutting put - putting begin - beginning 4）以ie结尾的动词，把变成y再加ing lie - lying tie - tying die - dying2、 及物动词及物动词：及物动词本身意义不完全，需要接宾语才能使其意思完全。字典里词后标有vt.（1）、动词+宾语Would you please open the window? 请打开窗户好吗？I like this film very much. 我非常喜欢这部电影。（2）、动词+宾语+宾补We call him Bill. 我们叫他比尔。I saw Tom play in the park yesterday. 昨天我看见Tom 在公园玩。注意：带省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有：make let have see watch notice hear 等。（3）、动词+间接宾语+直接宾语May I ask you a question? 我可以问你一个问题吗？Please pass me the book? 请把那本书递给我。常见带双宾语的动词有：give bring buy get leave lend make offer pass teach tell read return等。3、 不及物动词不及物动词：自身意思完整，无需接宾语。字典里词后标有vi.Houses run fast. 马跑得快。They work in a factory. 他们在工厂工作。注意：有些动词既可以作及物动词又可以作不及物动词。We study Chinese. (及物动词)We study hard. (不及物动词)Boys fly kites. (及物动词)Birds can fly. (不及物动词)注：以上内容很少单独使用，望同学们在学习中加强知识积累提高英语综合能力。典型习题单选：（1）、In many countries, teenagers under 18 should not _ to enter Internet bars. A. allow B. be allowed C. is allowing D. are allowed（2）、I will tell him as soon as he _ backA. come B. comes C. will come D. came（3）、The girl often _ cold when she _.A. cathcsdances B. catches dances C. catchsdancees D. catches dance（4）、Which teacher _ lessons to you every day ?A. does gives B. does give C. do give D. gives（5）、He usually _ TV on Sunday evening.A. watch B. watches C. watching D. is watching（6）、Neither I nor he _ French. A. speak B. doesnt speak C. speaks D. doesnt speak（7）、Some are _ in the river and some are _ games.A. swiming playing B. swimmingplaiing C. swimming playing D. swimmingplaing（8）、Mr Smith _ short stories, but he _ a TV play these days.A. is writingis writing B. is writing writesC. writes is writing D. writes writes（9）、We _the floor and _ all the windows. A. mopped cleanned B. moped cleaned C. moppedcleaned D. moped cleaned（10）、 I _that the boy _ with no tears in his eyes.A. noticed cryed B. noticed criedC. noticedcryed D. noticed cryed（11）、The teacher_ us a history lesson when Tom walked into the classroom.A. gave B. is giving C. was given D. was giving（12）、We _ that they _ a sports meet tomorrow.A. learn would have B. have learned would haveC. learn will have D. have learned will have(13)、Mother _ me a new coat yesterday, I _ it on. It fits me well.A. has madehave tried B. madehave tried C. has madetried D. madetried（14）、 He _ to draw horses already . When _he draw?”. Last year. A. learnedhas B. learneddid C. has learnedhas D. has learneddid（15）、_you _ the text yet ? Yes, we _ it two hours ago. A. Didcopydid B. Have copiedhaveC. Have copied did D. Did copyhad（16）、_ you _ the film before ? Where _ you _ it ?A. Have seen did see B. DidseediewatchC. Haveseen have seen D. Didseehaveseen（17）、You _ me waiting for two hours. I _ for you since five.A. Keptwaited B. have keptwaited C. kepthave waited D. have kepthave waited（18）、The Greens _ China for five years.A. has been in B. have been in C. went to D. has gone to4、 系动词秘诀: 一“是”一“觉”一“保持”，“起来”四个,“变成”四个。系动词本身具有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语,须与其后面的形容词、名词、副词、介词短语等一起构成系表结构。用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的性质、状态或身分等。系动词有人称、数和时态的变化。常见的系动词有：一“是”( be)，一“感觉”（feel），一“保持”（keep），四个“起来”(taste, smell, look, sound)，四个“变成”（become, get, turn，go）。说明：有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语，例如： He fell ill yesterday.他昨天病了。（fell是系动词，后跟补足语，说明主语情况。） He fell off the ladder.他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词，单独作谓语。1） 状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：He is a teacher.他是一名教师。（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。）2） 持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, stay,例如：He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。3） 表像系动词用来表示看起来像这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：He looks tired. 他看起来很累。He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。4） 感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。This flower smells very sweet.这朵花闻起来很香。5） 变化系动词 这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.例如：He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。注：get 、turn、 become 的区别系动词turn后面多接表示颜色的形容词作表语。意思上侧重于“变得与以前完全不同”。 e.g. The man turned blue with fear. 那个男人因害怕而脸发青。 “get+形容词”多用在口语中。get能替代become，但become较为正式。get与become前面的主语既可以是人也可以是物。 e.g. He became/got angry with his son. 他生他儿子的气。 His coat has become/got badly torn. 他的外套已经非常破了。 get经常与形容词的比较级连用。 e.g. The days are getting longer and longer after the winter solstice. 冬至过后，天变得越来越长。 注意：系动词become一般不可用来表示“将来变得”的意思。 系动词become，turn，get，后面能跟名词作表语，其他的“变成”类系动词后面不能跟名词作表语。 e.g. His dream has become a reality. 他的梦想变成了现实。 He has turned scientist. 他成了科学家。Her cheeks went a very pretty pink. 她的脸颊变得绯红。注意：在turn后面作表语用的名词前通常不带冠词。典型习题汉译英 1. 她在家。 2. 我们感到非常快乐。 3. 你必须照顾好你自己，保持健康。 4. 这些花闻起来很香。 5. 这音乐听起来很美。 6. 这条鱼吃起来很可口