高考英语代词用法.doc

代词的用法 代词在近几年高考试题中的复现率为100%，每年至少测试一道题。测试代词常用对话形式，构成特定语境，考查考生灵活运用代词的能力。代词指代的范围、作主语时主谓一致的用法、易混不定代词的细微差别都是高考的必考点。其中不定代词one，the one，ones与that，those，it的用法区别。代词的概念： 代词是指代替名词以及起名词作用的词、短语或句子的词。主要分人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词。代词的分类： 分类人称数量人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性名词性第一人称单数Imemyminemyself第二人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself第三人称单数hehim hishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself第一人称复数weusouroursourselves第二人称复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves1 人称代词 分清主格和宾格形式,主格主要用作主语，宾格主要宾语和表语。 I bought a present for him. Who is it?Its me2 物主代词：名词性物主代词在句中做主语、宾语、表语、补足语，构成双重所有格：a friend of mine 。形容词性物主代词只能起定语作用。通常：形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词 例如：This isnt my shirt; mine is over there.三反身代词: 在句中作宾语、表语和同位语。E.g. Im not quite myself today我今天不大舒服。/ ake yourself at home常用反身代词的词和词组：look after, take care of, cut, hurt, enjoy, teach, dress, devote, seat, help oneself to, introduce oneself to, look at oneself in the mirror, come to oneself, talk to oneself, say to oneself, learn by oneself, all by oneself, treat oneself to sth, sb calling oneself, make oneself done.四相互代词:有each other和one another两组。一般来说，each other用于两个人或是物之间，译为“互相，彼此”；one another用于三个或是三个以上的人或物之间。You two should help each other. We respect one another.五指示代词:this, that, these, those，the same(同样的), such（这样的）, so（这样）.1this(these)近指，而that (those)远指。e.g. This is a novel and that is a magazine2this(these)一般指后面要讲到的事物（将要发生），而that(those)常指刚提到或是已经完成的事情。e.g. What he told me is this：he wanted to go to Beijing He didnt comeThat is why he didnt know 3. one, ones, that, those, it The population of China is bigger than that of India. (that=the population） The boy told his story and that of the girl next room.(that=the story) The cell phones we made nowadays are better than those/the ones made 2 years ago. I need a pen to sign my name. Can I have one? (one =a pen) I cannot find my new pen. Have you seen it?（it指那支新钢笔） 总结：that可以指代可数单数或特指不可数名词，相当于“the+单数可数名词/不可数名词”； those只能代替可数名词复数（=those ones或the ones）； one 用来代替前面出现的单数可数名词（泛指），相当于“a/an+单数名词”; it指前面所指的同一物 ones用来代替前面出现的可数名词复数（泛指）；the one用来代替前面出现的可数名词单数（特指），有时可用that来代替； the ones用来代替前面可数名词复数，有时可以用those来代替（特指）； Why dont we take a little break?Didnt we just have _?Ait BthatCone Dthis The Parkers bought a new house but _will need a lot of work before they can move inAthey Bit Cone Dwhich 六不定代词：不明确指代某个（些）人或事物的代词。1、both，either，neither 都表两者范围，在句中作主语、宾语、定语 ，both可用作同位语。both 意为两者都，either 表两者中任一个，neither表两者都不。2、some, any，none ，all 表三者或三者以上范围，any 表任何一个、一些(不可数或复数概念，用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中)；none 表三者或三者以上中的哪一个都不；表示不可数物中的一点儿也没有；all 整个的；所有的(三者或三者以上)；所有的(不可数)。E.g. This book is a good seller，so you can buy it at any shop in Beijing None of us are/is perfect All of the village was floodedsome用于肯定句或由情态动词引导的某种请求或是意愿的疑问句。There is some water here. Would you like to drink some milk?3、no one，nobody，none，nothing：no one，nobody表没有人，nothing 指没有什么事物，none 兼指人和物。None 着眼于数量概念。”特指的人或物一个也没有，一点儿也没有”。How many people are there in the hall?/ Is there any water in it?Nonewho wants to go with him?No one(Nobody)What can you see in the bottle?Nothing4、another，the other，the others，other , othersanother 表三者或三者以上范畴中的任一；与数词连用，表”再有”, another+基数词+名词（s）=基数词+名词（s）+more；the other 表两者中的另外那个，特指；the other+复数名词(或the others)，另外那些，表示其余所有的人或物，用于特指；others (或other+复数名词)另一些，表余下人或物中的另一些，泛指。I dont like this，show me another one If you want to change for a double room youll have to pay_$15A.another Bother Cmore DEach 5、every, eachEach指两者或以上的每一个，可作主语、定语或同位语，可跟of，every指三者及以上的每一个，只可作定语，且后只能接可数名词单数Each of us has an English book. Each student has an English book.We each have an English book. Every student has an English book.6、few, a few, little, a little, many, muchfew, a few, many修饰可数名词，little, a little, much修饰不可数名词。few和little表示“几乎没有”，a few和a little表示“有点、有些”。I have many books/much money. There are few/a few apples on the desk. There is little/a little water in the bottle.7、anyone=anybody, any one everyone=everybody, every one someone=somebody, some one合写一般指人，分写则人、物均可表示，另外合写后不接of, 分写则可接of。We everyone should study hard. Every one of us should study hard.【注意】anyone, anybody表示任何人，anything表示任何事或物，强调个体；everyone表示每个人，everything表示每件事或物，强调全部。It 用法1. 基本用法（1）用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物。 The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago.（2）用以代替提示代词this, that。Whats this? Its a knife. Whose watch is that? Its mine.（3）起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物。Who is knocking at the door? Its me.（4）指环境情况等。 It was very noisy (quiet) at the very moment.（5）指时间、季节等。What time is it? Its eight oclock. It often rains in summer here.（6）指距离。 It is a long way to the school.2、含有“It is ”的句型 （1）It is time (for sb.) to do sth. 区分：It is (high) time that sb. did sth.(虚拟语气) （2）It is + 形容词（+of / for sb.）+ to do sth.通常用of的词有brave、clever、careful、hopeless、kind、good、naughty、nice、silly、stupid、foolish、wise。 （3）It is + 形容词 + that + sb. + (should) do sth.（虚拟语气）能用于这个句型的形容词有strange、wonderful、natural、good、proper、right、wrong、well、fortunate、important、necessary、useless、likely、probable、impossible等。有时可省去should而直接用动词原形。如：It is important that we should pay close attention to grain. （4）It is no use/ good + doing sth. It is no use trying again = It is of no use to try again. （5）It is + 被强调部分 + that/who + Was it in the street that you met her?It was not until yesterday that I met my old friend.It is in a small factory that my brother is going to work. （注意上述各句均为强调句型的“考点”）比较：It is a small factory where my brother is going to work.（定语从句） （6）It is said/reported/announced/ (well) known that （7）It is/was + 时间 + since 从已多久了。It was a long time since I (had) lived in that small mountain village with these farmers.（注意两句中的时态）It is five months since I arrived in New York.我到纽约已经五个月了。It is five months since I was in New York.我离开纽约已经五个月了。（注意：终止性动词表示从动作发生时算起；如果是状态动词或持续性动词，则从动作或状态结束时算起。） （8）It is + 时间 + before 这个句型和上面句型中时间都是时间段，如long、years、months、weeks、five days、three hours、twenty minutes等。不过主句的时态多用一般将来时或一般过去时。It will be several years before we meet again. It was not long before they set out for the front. （9）It is /was/will be the first/second/third time that+ 完成时 （10）It is up to sb. to do sth 应由某人做某事。 It is up to you to decide whether we start or not.练习：1. Was it during the Second World War_ he died? A.that B.while C.in which D.then 2. Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A.this B.that C.it D.he 3. I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. A.this B.that C.its D.it 4.Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time? A.this B.that C.he D.it 5. It was not _ she took off her glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star. A.when , that B.until , that C.until , that D.when , then 6. I was disappointed with the film. I had expected _ to be much better. A.that B.this C.one D.it 7. It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began. A.while B.which C.that D.since 8. _is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A.There B.This C.That D.It 9. It was only when I reread this poems recently _ I began to appreciate their beauty. A.until B.that C.then D.so 10. I hate_when people talk with their mouths full. A.it B.that C.these D.them 11. It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are. A.one B.that C.what D.it12.I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one 13. Do you like _ here? Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice.(全国卷) A. this B. These C. That D. it 14. We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made _ from some wood. (全国卷) A. it B. One C. Himself D. another 15. The foreign Minister said, _ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.(2004北京) A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is 16. _ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress. (2004北京) A. It B. As C. That D. What 17. How often do you eat out?(2004, 天津) _, but usually once a week. A. Have no idea B. It depends C. As usual D. Generally speaking 19. What do you want to do next? We have half an hour until the basketball game. _. Whatever you want to do is fine with me. A. It just depends B. Its up to you C. All right D. Glad to hear that 20. It was _ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go 代词（高考题）1.(2010高考上海秋季卷,27)If our parents do everything for us children, we wont learn to depend on_ A. themselves B. them C. us D. ourselves2. (2010高考重庆卷,23)He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found of them again. A. Neither B. Either C. Each D. all3. (2010高考浙江卷,14) thats important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.AOne BAll CEverything DAnything4. (2010高考天津卷,6) _in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.A. Anything B. Nothing C. Everything D. Something5.(2010高考四川卷,7)On my desk is a photo that my father took of when I was a baby. A. him B. his C. me D. mine6.(2010高考上海春季卷,26)It is said that two man-made structures are clearly visible from space. One is the Great Wall of China, and is Japans Kansai International Airport.Aanother Bother Cthe other Deither7.(2010高考陕西卷,12)The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than _ in any other area of the city.A. that B. this C. it D. one 8.(2010高考山东卷,32)Helping others is a habit, _ you can learn even at an early age.A. it B. that C. what D. one9.(2010高考辽宁卷,33)The fact that she was foreign made _difficult for her to get a job in that country A so B. much C. that D. it 10.(2010高考江西卷,27)Swimming is my favorite sport. There is _ like swimming as a means of keeping fit.A something B anything C nothing D everything11.(2010高考福建卷,22)When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson, could you please say for me ?A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing12.(2010高考全国I卷,23)Ill spend half of my holiday practicing English and half learning drawing. A. another B. the other C. others D. other13.(2010高考全国II卷,14)The doctor thought _ would be good for you to have a holiday.A. this B. that C. one D. it 14.(2010高考全国II卷,12)Neither side is prepared to talk to_ unless we can smooth thing over between them。A. others B. the other C. another D. one other 15.(2010高考安徽卷,21)You are a team star! Working with is rally your cup of tea.A. both Beither C. others Dthe other16.【2012全国卷II】 Sarah made _ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.A. herselfB. thisC. thatD. it17.【2012重庆】21.-John, when shall we meet again, Thursday or Friday? -_.Ill be off to London then.A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None18.【2012全国】31. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but of them wants to, because they have work to do.A. either B. Any C. neither D. none19.【2012福建】22. -Have you figured out how much the trip will cost? -$4,000, or _ like that.A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing20.【2012陕西】13. No matter where he is, he makes _ a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.A. him B. this C. that D. it 21.【2012山东】21. When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or _.A. whoever B. wherever C. whatever D. however22.【2012江西】23. My brother would like to buy a good watch but _ was available from that shop.A. nothing B. none C. no one D. neither23.【2012辽宁】28. If youre buying todays paper from the stand, could you get _ for me?A. one B. such C. this D. that24.【2012四川】2. New technologies have made _ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.A. that B. this C. one D. it 25.【2012浙江】5. Studying Wendys menu, I found that many of the items are similar to _ of McDonalds.A. those B. one C. any D. all26.【2012江苏】23. Sophia waited for a reply, but _ came.A. either B. another C. neither D. none1.（2011北京卷）34.The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase_ . A. then B. those C. it D. that2.（2011天津卷）1. We feel our duty to make our country a better place.A. it B. this C. that D. one3.（2011江西卷）25.Why dont you bring _ to his attention ill to work on?A. that B.it C.his D.him4.（2011全国II）11I got this bicycle for_：My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing5.（2011陕西卷）16.-Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen,dear?- one? A.Other B.Every C.Another D.More6.（2011四川卷）3.There is in his words.We should have a try.A. something B. anything C.nothing D.everything7.（2011辽宁卷）27.- Would you like tea or coffee? - , thank you. Ive just had some water. A. Either B. Both C. Any D. Neither8.（2011湖南卷）24.I know that _ would ever discourage him he would never give up to be a director. A. somethi