中考英语语法讲解资料及练第11讲：动词语态.doc

中考英语语法讲解资料及练习 - 动词语态 和时态一样，语态也是动词的一种形式，用来说明句中主语和谓语的关系。如果动作由主语执行，就可使用主动语态，如果主语不是由主语执行，主语是动作的承受者，则可使用被动语态。由此我们可以看出英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者，什么事情被主语做。被动语态的构成和形式被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成，一定要记住是及物动词。助动词必须与主语的人称和数一致，注意要与我们前一讲学过的八个时态配合使用。 适合被动语态的情况： 不知道动作由谁发出，或由于某种原因没有必要说明谁发出动作。如： This table is made of wood. 需要突出或强调动作的承受者时，如： This park was built for children. 注意：主动句中的主语如果是people，they，somebody等含糊的表示人或人们，没有确指执行者是谁，为被动句时，通常省略by+执行者。如：The door was opened secretly. But nobody came in. 注意：在主动句里,不定式在make，see，hear等动词后面作宾语补足语时都不带to，但变成被动句时，后面的不定式都需带to。如：He was made to do that work.主动语态不能变被动语态的情况：学了被动语态，别以为主动句和被动句可以随意转换，千万要注意呀！有些主动语态不能转换成被动语态。当宾语是反身代词时, 如：You should take care of yourself.当谓语是表状态的而不是表具体动作的及物动词时，如：Does the skirt suit you? 练习： 1. The stars _ in the daytime. A. cant see B. cant be seen C. cant been see D. see 2. A present _ to me by Mother next week. A. will give B. is given C. will be give D. will be given 3. The Communist Party of China _ in Shanghai in 1921. A. was found B. found C. was founded D. founded 4. Great changes _ in my hometown since liberation. A. have been taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place 5. I was astonished (吃惊) to hear that the color TV set _ 5,000 yuan. A. has cost B. cost C. costed D. was cost 6. He was seen _ something from the shop. A. steel B. to steal C. to be stolen D. stealed 7. She has _ by her classmates. A. laughed B. laughed at C. been laughed D. been laughed at 8. The computer _ in the room. A. can use B. can be use C. can be used D. can used 9. That clock _ Big Ben. A. call B. calling C. is called D. calls 10. The film _ again sometimes next week. A. shows B. will shows C. will be showed D. shows 实践： 1. I have never seen _ UFO in _ sky. A. a, the B. an, the C. a, a D. the, a 2. -How is your brothers housework done? -_ A. Good B. All right C. Quite well D. Very bad 3. They come from England . They are _. A. Englishman B. English C. Englishmans D. an English 4. Would you please give me _ colour pencils? A. any B. some C. a little D. much 5. My father is sleeping now, could you _ the radio a bit? A. turn up B. turn on C. turn down D. turn off 6. It will be Childrens Day soon and were now _ busy _a bee. A. as.as B. as . like C. like.as D. so . like 7. -Well, _? -I have a headache, doctor. A. how do you do B. whats the matter with you C. how are you feeling like D. what kind of illness do you have 8. The teacher told the boy _ it again. A. dont do B. does not do C. to not do D. not to do 9. I left here, _. A. Mary does B. so does Mary C. Mary did so D. so did Mary 10. -Who teaches _ English? -Mr. Lin. A. you B. your C. she D. Toms 11. Have you finished _ the book? A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads 12. The farmers taught us _. A. to how pick apples. B. how pick apples. C. how picking apples D. how to pick apples 13. -_ I watch Prof. Brown from morning till night? -No, you neednt. A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need. 14. Do you know _? A. how long has he lived here B. how long he has lived here C. he has