感官分析PPT课件.ppt

ABC usc sensory 01 1 SensoryAnalysis感官分析 FactorsInfluencingSensoryMeasurement影响感官测定的因素 ProceduresForSmelling Tasting闻味和尝味的程序 ControlsForSensoryTesting对感官测试的控制 MethodsofSensoryTests theApplication感官测试的方法及其应用 CONTENT usc sensory 01 2 WhatisSensoryAnalysis 什么是感官分析 SensoryAnalysisisascientificdisciplineusedtoevoke measure analyzeandinterpretreactionstothosecharacteristicsoffoodsandmaterialsastheyareperceivedbythesensesof 感官分析是一门科学 用来唤起 测量 分析和诠释对于食物和原料特质的反应如以下感觉 Sight视觉 Smell嗅觉 Taste味觉 Touch触觉 Hearing听觉 usc sensory 01 3 Sensoryanalysisisaboutcollectingdatafromhumanassessorstounderstandwhattheyperceivedwhenexposedtoaproduct感官分析是从人体感觉器官收集数据 进而了解它们是如何感知产品的 Humanareusedasmeasuringinstrument 人类作为测量的仪器 WhatisSensoryAnalysis 什么是感官分析 usc sensory 01 4 TheSenseofSmell嗅觉 OlfactoryNerve嗅神经 TrigeminalNerve三叉神经 Aroma香气 OdourofProduct产品的气味 nasalroute 顺鼻腔路径 Aroma香气 retronasalroute 逆鼻腔路径 usc sensory 01 5 ProceduresForSmelling闻香的程序 Repeatedshortorlonghardsniffs 或长或短地重复用力吸气Sniffsamenumberoftimesrestinginbetweeneachseries每次休息时吸气次数保持一致Solidsorsemi solidsshouldbestirredorbrokeninordertoexposetoafreshsurface固体或半固体应搅拌或破碎以提供新鲜的表面 usc sensory 01 6 TheSenseofTaste味觉 Bitter苦味Acidic酸味Salty咸味Sweet甜味Umami鲜味 usc sensory 01 7 ProceduresForTasting尝味的程序 Liquids液体Sameamountforeachjudge数量一致Tastesmallsipsandrollaroundmouthtoactivatealltastebudareas啜饮以激活所有的味蕾Orslurpsothatliquidissprayeduniformlythroughoutthemouth或咕嘟咕嘟地喝 使液体均匀分布在口腔Rinsemouthcarefullywithwaterorhaveabiteofcracker仔细地漱口或者咬一口苏打饼干 usc sensory 01 8 ProceduresForTasting尝味的程序 Solids固体Takesmallmouthfeelsorpiecesaroundthetonguetoactivatealltastebudareas取小块品尝 绕舌一圈 以激活所有的味蕾Rinseandrestbetweensamplestoavoidcarry overorfatigue品尝不同样品间要漱口和休息一下 以避免味道残留或味觉疲劳 usc sensory 01 9 HumanasmeasuringInstrument人类作为测量仪器 SensoryStimulus感官刺激 usc sensory 01 10 HumanasmeasuringInstrument人类作为测量仪器 Thestimulushitsthesenseorganandisconvertedtoanervesignalwhichtravelstothebrain thebrainthenorganizesandintegratestheincomingsensationintoperceptionswiththecontributionofpastexperience lastlyaresponseisformulatedbasedonthesubjects perceptions感官受到刺激 将其转化为神经信号传输到大脑 大脑根据以往的经验将感觉组织整合为知觉 最终 基于主体的知觉而形成反应 usc sensory 01 11 FactorsInfluencingSensoryMeasurement影响感官测定的因素 Expectationerror期望错误Stimuluserror刺激错误Leniencyerror宽大错误Proximityerror近似错误Centraltendencyerror中心化错误 usc sensory 01 12 FactorsInfluencingSensoryMeasurement影响感官测定的因素 Suggestioneffect暗示效应Positionalbias ordereffect 位置偏见 顺序效应 Contrasteffectand对照效应和集中错误convergenceerrorMotivation动力 usc sensory 01 13 Expectationerror期望的错误Informationgivenwiththesamplemaytriggerpreconceivedideas样品附带的信息可能导致先入为主Stimuluserror刺激的错误Irrelevantcriteria suchascolororsizeinfluencetheobserver无关的标准如颜色或大小会影响观察者 FactorsInfluencingSensoryMeasurement影响感官测定的因素 usc sensory 01 14 Leniencyerror宽大的错误Basedontheirfeelingsabouttheresearcher ignoringproductdifferences根据对研究者的感觉 而忽略了产品的差异 FactorsInfluencingSensoryMeasurement影响感官测定的因素 Suggestioneffect暗示效应Reactionsofothermembersofapanelcaninfluencetheresponseofapanelist品尝小组中其他成员的反应会影响测试者 usc sensory 01 15 Positionalbias ordereffect 位置偏见 顺序效应 Scorethesecondproduct ofasetofproducts higherorlowerthanexpected给一组产品中第二个产品打分偏高或偏低Contrasteffectandconvergenceerror对照效应和集中错误Exaggeratethedifferenceormasksmalldifferencesbetweentheothersamplesintheirscores夸大或掩盖样品间的差异 FactorsInfluencingSensoryMeasurement影响感官测定的因素 usc sensory 01 16 Proximityerror近似的错误Correlationbetweencharacteristicsclosetogethermaybehigherthanothercharacteristic相似特征间的关联比其他特征间的关联可能要高一些Centraltendencyerror中心化的错误Scoringproductsinthemidrangeofascaletoavoidextremes给产品打分偏中等 以避免极端 FactorsInfluencingSensoryMeasurement影响感官测定的因素 usc sensory 01 17 Motivation动力Affectssensoryperception Fore g interestedpanelistisalwaysmoreefficientandreliable 动力会影响感官知觉 比如感兴趣的品尝小组成员总会更有效 更可靠 FactorsInfluencingSensoryMeasurement影响感官测定的因素 usc sensory 01 18 ControlsForSensoryTesting对感官测试的控制 EnvironmentControls环境的控制PanelistControls品评小组的控制 usc sensory 01 19 EnvironmentControls环境的控制 PanelBoothTestingArea品评单间的测试区域Sensoryevaluationofproducts产品的感官品评DescriptiveEvaluation TrainingArea描述性品评和培训的区域Meetingwithpanelist和品评小组成员开会PreparationArea ServingArea准备和分发的区域Samplepreparationandserving样品的准备和分发OfficeArea办公区域Administrativepreparationsoftestsandtheirinterpretation测试的行政准备和解释 usc sensory 01 20 PanelBoothTestingArea品评单间的测试区域 Individualbooth单独隔开的小间Slidingdoor移动门Neutralwallcolor中性的墙壁颜色SinkandTap水槽和龙头Coloredlightning有颜色的光照Odor free无气味Computer电脑 usc sensory 01 21 DescriptiveEvaluation TrainingArea描述性品评和培训区域 Facilitiessimilartobootharea设备和品评单间相似Conferencestyletablefor6 12panelists可坐6 12人的会议桌Whiteboard clock白板 时钟Preparationfacilitiesforreferencesamples准备参考样品的设施 usc sensory 01 22 Preparation ServingArea准备和分发区域 Well equippedkitchen设备良好的厨房Odor free ventilated无味且通风良好Air conditioned空调Refrigerator frozenstoragespace冰箱 冷冻保存空间Constructionmaterial建筑材料Specializedequipment特殊器材 usc sensory 01 23 OfficeArea办公区域 Closetopanelbooth靠近品评单间Convenienttolocaterecords storagespace anycomputerterminal便于安装记录 储存空间和电脑终端Phone printeratsufficientdistance电话 打印机摆放在合理的距离内 usc sensory 01 24 SensoryAnalysisLaboratory感官分析研究所 Statistics统计 Blindtests盲试 usc sensory 01 25 PanelistControl品评小组的控制 PanelOrientation品评员的指导Beforeevaluation品评前Donotsmokeandconsumesweets coffeeoranythingwithastrongtasteimmediatelyorlessthan30minutesbeforethetest测试前30分钟内不可抽烟 吃糖 喝咖啡或品尝其他味重的东西Arriveatthetimeagreedforthetest准时到达 usc sensory 01 26 PanelistControl品评小组的控制 PanelOrientation品评员的指导Beforeevaluation品评前Donotusestrongperfume perfumedafter shavelotion perfumedsoap etc不要使用浓烈的香水 润肤香水 香皂等Informedimpairedphysicalforme g Coldorheadache身体不适 如感冒或头痛 usc sensory 01 27 PanelistControl品评小组的控制 PanelOrientation品评员的指导Duringevaluation测试中Donottalktocolleaguesduringassessments测试时不要和同事说话Donotbringextraneousitems suchasnewspapersintothetestbooth不要带无关的东西到测试场所如报纸等 usc sensory 01 28 PanelistControl品评小组的控制 PanelOrientation品评员的指导Duringevaluation测试中Useallthetimeavailableformakingevaluations用全部的时间作测试Panelistarenotallowedtovisitthetestkitchenduringthetest测试时成员不可去测试准备室 usc sensory 01 29 Methods Application方法和应用 usc sensory 01 30 TheSensorytests感官测试 usc sensory 01 31 成对喜偏好测试PairedPreferenceTest姓名 Name 部门 Department Pleaserinseyourmouthwithwaterbeforestarting Youhavebeengiventwosamples 开始前请先漱口 您将品尝到两个样品Tastetheproductontheleftfirst Thentastetheproductontheright Youmayretasteasoftenasyouneedto 先尝左边产品 再尝右边产品 可以按自己的需要反复品尝Circlethenumberofpreferredsample 圈出您喜欢的产品 157 468 Pleasecommentonthereasonsforyouchoice请说明您选择的理由 157 468 Hedonic Preferencetests喜好测试 usc sensory 01 32 排序偏好测试RankPreferenceTest姓名 Name 部门 Department Pleaserinseyourmouthwithwaterbeforestarting beforeeachsampleandanytimeyouneedto 请在开始时 品尝每个样品之间和任何您需要的时候漱口YouwillreceiveFOURsamples Pleaserankthemintheorderofyourdegreeofpreference 你会收到四个样品 254 857 359 460 请按照喜欢的程度给它们排序Writetotheverytopthecodeofthesampleyoulikebest towhichyougivethefirstpositioninthedegreeofpreference andtotheverybottomthecodeofthesampleyoulikeleast 将您最喜欢产品的编号写在最上方 最不喜欢的产品写在最下方Markthedegreeofpreferencefortheothersamplesinbetween Tiesarenotallowed 其余的产品写在中间 不允许存在相互联系 1strankposition排列位置 mostliked最喜欢 2ndrankposition排列位置 3rdrankposition排列位置 4thrankposition排列位置 leastliked最不喜欢 Hedonic Preferencetests喜好测试 usc sensory 01 33 享乐型的批分测试HedonicRatingTest姓名 Name 部门 Department PleasetasteeachsamplefromLEFTtoRIGHT Pleasedrinkwaterandeatacrackerbetweensamples 请从左到右品尝每个样品 请在品尝样品之间喝水吃饼干ConsideringAllcharacteristics APPEARANCE FLAVOUR andTEXTURE Indicateyouroverallopinionbycirclingonepointonthefollowingscale 考虑所有特征 外观 风味和组织 并圈出能够反映你整体意见的分值Describewhatyoulikedanddislikedabouteachofthesamples 描述你对这个产品有什么喜欢还是不喜欢的地方 Hedonic Preferencetests喜好测试 usc sensory 01 34 EvaluationForm姓名Name日期Date产品Product目标OBJECTIVE Toobtaingeneraldescriptionabouttheproductsbasedonthecommentsgivenbythepanellist andtodeterminethepreferenceamongthesamples formorethantwosamplesevaluation INSTRUCTIONS Youaregivenafewsamples Pls describethem rateyourpreferenceandrankthemaccordingly Remark Equalranksarenotallowed 1 DislikeExtremely非常不喜欢 6 LikeSlightly有点喜欢 2 DislikeVeryMuch很不喜欢 7 LikeModerately喜欢 3 DislikeModerately不喜欢 8 LikeVeryMuch很喜欢 4 DislikeSlightly有点不喜欢 9 LikeExtremely非常喜欢5 NeitherLikeNorDislike 既不喜欢也不讨厌 Hedonic Preferencetests喜好测试 usc sensory 01 35 三角测试TriangleTest姓名 Name P18 部门 Department 您将品尝到3个样品 两个是同样的 一个是不同的 Youhavebeengiventhreesamples Twoofthesesamplesareidentical oneisdifferent 请集中注意力 依次品尝这些样品 区分它们的不同之处 Pleasetastethesesamplesintheordergivenbelowinconcentratingyourattentiononthedifferenceinflavour 圈出与其他两个不同的样品号Circlethenumberofthedifferentsample 837911586标出它们之间的差别大小程度Indicatethedegreeofdifferenceinflavourbetweentheidenticalsamplesandthedifferentone 评注 Comments不同的样品 Differentsample 相同的样品 Identicalsamples Discriminativetests辨别测试 usc sensory 01 36 对比测试Duo TrioTest姓名 Name 部门 Department 我们会给您一个标为 R 的参照样品和另外两个样品 Youhavebeengivenareferencesample R andtwocodedsamples 请先品尝样品 R 然后再品尝其他两个 在后两个样品中选出您认为与 R 相同的样品 Pleasesmellandtastethereferencesample R first followedbythetwocodedsamples Indicatewhichofthetwocodedsamplesisidenticaltothereferencesample R 如果您认为两个样品与 R 都很相似 您必须在其中猜选一个 Ifnodifferenceisapparentbetweenthetwounknownsamples youmustguess 可以允许重复品尝Retastingisallowed 圈出您认为与参照样品相同的样品号Circlethenumberoftheidenticalsample 278543评注 Comments278543 Discriminativetests辨别测试 usc sensory 01 37 DIFFERENCEFROMCONTROLTEST五选二测试TWOOUTOFFIVETEST姓名 Name P20 部门 Department 我们会给您五个样品 其中两个是同样的 而另三个相同成为一组 Youhavebeengivenfivesamples Twoofthesefivesamplesbelongtooneset theotherthreebelongtoanotherset 请选择两个相同的样品 在这两个样品编号边打上X记号IdentifythetwosampleswhichbelongtogetherbyplacinganXafterthecodenumber 同时请在评语栏里填上作相应评价Pleasecommentaccordingly 编号CODE 评语COMMENTS Twosamplesgroup Threesamplesgroup Discriminativetests辨别测试 usc sensory 01 38 排序测试RankingTest姓名 Name 部门 Department 您将品尝到不同甜味强度的三个样品Youhavebeengiventhreesamplesofdifferentsweetnessintensity 请闻其香味 尝其味 并回答下列问题Pleasesmellandtastethesesamplesandanswerthefollowingquestion 399525833按其甜味强度依次排列Rankthesethreeproductsinascendingorderoftheirsweetness No 1 No 2 No 3 No 1为甜度最低 No 3为甜度最强 WithNo 1oftheleastsweetnessandNo 3ofthehighestsweetness 评注 Comments Discriminativetests辨别测试 usc sensory 01 39 打分测试ScalingTest姓名 Name 部门 Department 产品 Product Milkpowder 4 UtilisationoftheCATEGORYscaleSamples 987SWEET 0123456378SWEET 0123456249SWEET 0123456527SWEET 01234560 Absence1 JustDetectable2 Weak3 Moderate4 SlightlyStrong5 Strong6 VeryStrong Discriminativetests辨别测试 usc sensory 01 40 打分测试ScalingTest姓名 Name 部门 Department IntensityratingscalewiththeutilisationofDifference PleaserateaccordingtothereferenceRef A 010Ref B 010Samples 010268010457010176010534AbsentModerateVeryIntense Discriminativetests辨别测试 usc sensory 01 41 DIFFERENCEFROMCONTROLTESTName Date 3 11 01 TypeofSample Instructions Youhavereceived4samples 3 digitcoded andacontrolsamplemarked R Tastethecontrolsamplemarked R first Thentastethetestsamplemarked XXX intheindicatedsequenceorder Assessth