2010年10月 英语(二).doc

2010年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(二) 试卷(课程代码00015).Vocabulary and Structure(10 points，1 point each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。1People working outdoors should especially _ their skin from the sun Aprotect Bprotest Cprefer Dperfect2. A vocabulary index is included for easy _ Ainference Bdifference Cconference Dreference3Statistics show that the normal life _ in China is now 72Aprediction BprospectCspan Dforecast4We were delayed at the airport. _ we would have been here earlier ASubsequently BOtherwise CHowever DConsequently5This article is aid to be _ to that one in style Asuperior B1iable Cavailable Daccessible6. The author of the book benefited a lot _his readers，criticism Ato Bof Cfrom Dfor7Lots of small businesses in that country simply cannot _ to buy health insurance for their workers Adeliver Boffer Cprovide Dafford8His speech at the ceremony will no doubt _ his reputation Aaccount for Badd to Camount to Dallow for9It is easier for young people to _to new environments than theelderly Aactivate Badopt Callocate Dadapt10. Having this disease does not _ mean that you will die youngAnecessarily BregularlyCoccasionally DautomaticallyCloze Test(10 points，1 point each) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。 Many public libraries in the United States have had financial difficulties in recent years because of cuts in federal and state government spending_11_ the same time，the cost of books，wages of library workers，and even the cost of fuel to heat and cool library buildings have _12_. Some libraries have had to reduce the _13_ of hours they are open and dismiss some The American Library Association says local governments have _14_ more support to replace lost federal and state moneyIt also says libraries have developed new outside sources of money-businesses and private groups，for _15_. These new sources of money have helped although libraries cannot depend _16_ them for major, continuing supportThe American Library Association says _17_ also increasing debate over the high cost of new computer services in librariesSome experts say those who use these _18_ services should pay for themMany librarians _19_. They say library research services should remain free to all users The new technology and its costs are causing many changes in Americas public libraries_20_ experts say the main purpose of the libraries will not changeLibraries will continue to provide knowledge and information for everyone11. A. In B. At C. From D. For 12. A. risen B. dropped C. decreased D. improved13. A. amount B. part C. number D. sum14. A. presented B. provided C. rejected D. reduced15Agood Bshort C. example D. nothing 16Aon Bfrom C. within D. for17Athis is Bthere is C. it is D. that is18Ainexpensive Bfree C. costly D. economical 19Adiscontinue Bdisappear C. dismount D. disagree20ASo BAs C. For D. ButReading Comprehension(30 points，2 points each) 从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上 将相应的字母涂黑。Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage Electronic waste，also called e-waste，has become an issue of serious concern to environmentalists as a growing number of electronic items are discarded in landfills(垃圾填埋场)every yearMany consumers are not aware that electronics like computers and cell phones actually contain toxins that can enter the soil and damage the environment Several nations have passed laws about e-waste to try and keep it out of landfills，or in landfills which are equipped to handle toxic materialsThe heavy metals in e-waste pose serious environmental and health risksWhile many consumers are trained to think of things like cathode ray tubes(阴极射线管)as dangerous articles that require special disposal，most do not connect cell phones，for example，with beryllium，a toxic heavy metal which can cause severe damageto the lungsIn addition to the toxins it contains，e-waste also takes a very long time to biodegrade，which means that it will be taking up landfill space for centuries The question of what to do with e-waste is a serious oneIn the first world，many companies have begun to take steps to reduce the amount of e-waste they createCompanies which manufacture electronics are starting to take items back when they are no longer useful so that usable elements like copper can be safely removed and the rest of the electronics can be safely disposed ofHowever，a large portion of unwanted electronics in the first world is being shipped to the third world Sometimes this ewaste is shipped under the cover of humanitarian(人道主义的)reasons，arguing that old technology can still help bridge the gap between first and third worldSlow computers which are not wanted in the United States，for example，might make a big difference to someone living in AfricaHowever, much of this equipment actually arrives in an unusable and broken state，and people desperate for money try to harvest usable materials such as valuable metals from donated equipmentUnfortunately, most of these individuals lack training in how to handle the dangerous materials used in electronics manufacture，and expose themselves and their communities to toxic chemicals and metals21The word “toxins” (Para1)probably refers to _ Acheap metals Belectronic parts Csubstances Dvaluable elements22Laws about e-waste have been passed because _.A. cathode ray tubes are not disposed of properlyB. e-waste contains toxins and biodegrade slowlyC. consumers are ignorant of the danger of cell phones D. enough landfills have been built to handle harmful materials23It is implied in the third paragraph that _. Acopper in ewaste is not a recyclable element Bmost e-waste in the first world is properly dealt with Cthe usual practice in the first world is to recycle e-waste Delectronics manufacturers have the ability to deal with e-waste24The author believes that the unwanted electronics shipped to the third world _.A. does more harm than good in factB. bridges the technological gap to a great extentC. the usual practice in the first world is to recycle e-wasteD. electronics manufacturers have the ability to deal with e-waste25The passage mainly deals with _.A. the dangers caused by e-wasteB. the safe ways to dispose of e-wasteC. the illegal transactions of electronicsD. the gap between first and third world Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage My dropout started before l was bornMy biological mother was a young，unwed college graduate student，and she decided to put me up for adoptionShe felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates，so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wifeExcept that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girlSo my parents，who were on a waiting list，got a call in the middle of the night asking： “We have an unexpected baby boy；do you want him?” They said： “Of course” My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high schoolShe refused to sign the final adoption papersShe changed her mind a few months later when my parents promised that l would someday go to college And l7 years later I did go to collegeBut I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stantord，and all of my working-class parents savings were being spent on my college tuitionAfter six months，I couldnt see the value in itI had no idea what l wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it outAnd here I was spending all the money my parents had saved their entire lifeSo I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out 0KIt was pretty scary at the time，but looking back it was one of the best decision I ever madeThe minute I dropped I could stop taking the required classes that didnt interest me，and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interestingIt wasnt all romanticI didnt have a dorm room，so I slept on the floor in friends rooms，I returned coke bottles for the 5c deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna templeAnd much of what I stumbled into turned out to be priceless later on26The expression “biological mother” refers to _.Aones mother through adoptionBones mother through birthCan unmarried motherDa mother working as a biologist27It is true that the authors parents _.Aworked as lawyersBadopted a baby girlCgraduated from collegeDhad no college degrees28The author quitted school mainly because _Ahe had spent all of his parents savingsBclasses in his college did not interest himChe didnt think his college tuition worthwhileDhe wanted to make more money for his parents29After the author dropped out of college，he _.A1ived on his parents savingsBfound satisfactory employmentCcontinued to pursue his interestsDenjoyed selling bottles for a living30The author regarded his dropout as _.AromanticBuselessCdisappointingDrewarding Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage With technological advances，the first half of the twentieth century saw a movement of workers away from agricultural to industrial productionThe second half saw a movement from industrial production to servicesSo far，technological advances have not reduced Our need for service workersBut what would happen if advances in artificial intelligence(AI) fall should greatly increase the productivity of service workers，as suggested by the following scene? Andrea calls the doctors office with a medical concernThe doctors automated telephone system，in a friendly and personal voice，asks her a series of questionsBased on Andreas answers and in consultation with her insurers claim system，the doctors system directs her to a neighborhood lab for testsAt the lab，another automated system performs the prescribed tests，makes a diagnosis，and provides the appropriate medication，all while in contact with Andreas insurerAs the service is completed，the insurer pays the cost of the serviceAndrea signs for any co-payment，to be paid automatically from her bank accountHeading home，Andrea was happily spared from long waits and a hurried contact with the doctor. To anticipate the realization of such a scene and its timing，we should watch the industries with the most potential for early application of AI. These would be where services are already provided at a distance (airline reservations were all early example)Once widespread in these industries，Al will have built the necessary level of trust and acceptance to move into more and more service industries The critical issue now is that such changes could lead to considerable reduction in service jobs at a time when people will want to (or need to) work longerServices in the first half of the twentyfirst century might thus resemble manufacturing in the second half of the twentieth century, with considerable unemployment and significant incentives(诱因)for early retirementIf we are to minimize the panicwe need first to see it coming31. It is possible that in the future _. AAl will limit industrial production Bservice industries will be out of business CAl will create more jobs for human workers D. the need for workers will be reduced 32The main aim of the second paragraph IS to show that_. AAl will make services more efficient Bmore humans are available for services Cmedical payment involves a complex process Dseveral doctors are needed in a medical diagnosis33Airline reservations are an early example of _. AAI application Ba face-to-face service C. the prevalence of flights DAI reliance on humans34It is implied in the last paragraph that in the second half of 20th century_. Aa lot of employees refused to do more work Ba large number of employees lost their jobs Cnumerous workers were forced to retire earlier Dmany workers were encouraged to work longer35The authors attitude toward the future of AI is _.ApositiveB. negativeCobjectiveDindifferentIVWord Spelling(10 points，l point for two words) 将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。36滑的；圆滑的 a. s_ _ _ _ _ _ _38冲击; 影响 n. i_ _ _ _ _40. 音乐家 n. m_ _ _ _ _ _ _42诱惑；吸引 v. t_ _ _ _44出版物 n. p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _37身体上地 ad. p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _39. 进行中的 a. o_ _ _ _ _ _41. 重力 n. g _ _ _ _ _ _43怀疑；推测 vs_ _ _ _ _ _45日常的；例行的 ar_ _ _ _ _ _46第三十 num. t_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48. 自愿的 a. v_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _50诚实地 adh_ _ _ _ _ _ _52. 最初的；词首的 ai_ _ _ _ _ _54定位；场所 nl_ _ _ _ _ _ _47无感觉的 a. s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _49即兴创作 v. i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _51承担，从事 v. u_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _53间隔 n. i_ _ _ _ _ _ _55星期三 n. W_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _VWbrd Form(10 points，1 point each) 将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。56. A good way to _ (1arge) your vocabulary is to read newspapers every day57The _ (employ)showed great enthusiasm for the new machine58. Greece was our first _ (choose)for a vacation，but all the flights59We will take your recent illness into _(consider)when marking your