英语量词大全.doc

Hohai University ZQQ英语量词整理a drop of water 一滴水a flood of moonlight 一片月光a flood of light 一大片强光a flood of people人潮如涌a flood of words口若悬河a flood of tears泪如泉涌a wisp of smoke 一缕烟/一股烟a wisp of a smile 一丝微笑a pane of glass 一块玻璃a layer of rock 一层岩石a cloud of smoke 一团烟雾a beam of light 一束光线a blade of grass 一片草叶a block of wood 一块木头a cube of sugar 一块方糖a roll of newspaper 一卷报纸a cone of icecream 一个蛋卷冰淇淋a bar of chocolate 一块巧克力a stack of hay 一堆乾草a loaf of bread 一个面包a grain of rice 一粒米a cake of soap 一块肥皂a dash of salt 一撮盐a coil of wire 一卷电线a roll of tobacco一卷烟草a roll of bread 一块面包a ball of wool一个毛线球a glimmer of hope 一线希望a thread of hope一线希望a thread of smoke一缕青烟A piece of such cord一根细丝a thread of water细细的一条流水a mouthful of sweet country air一口新鲜的乡村空气a handful of corn 一把玉米a handful of people 少数几个人a group of people trees, houses一群人一片树林, 一片房子an army of elephants 一群大象a pack / throng of wolves 一群狼a batch of dogs 一群狗a brood of chicks 一群小鸡a hive of bees 一群蜜蜂a host of monkeys 一群猴子a school of fish 一群鱼a swarm of locusts 一群蝗虫a team / field of horses一群马a gang of elks 一群驼鹿a burst of laughter 一阵笑声a gust of wind 一股风a web of railroad 铁路网a train of thoughts 一连串的想法a nice cup of tea 一杯好茶a thin coat of ice 一层薄冰a stagnant pool of water 一潭死水a beautiful stretch of field 一片美丽的原野a pair of glasses 一副眼镜a pair of scissors 一把剪刀a pair of pliers一把钳子a pair of spectacles 一副眼镜a pair of trousers 一条裤子a pair of shoes一双鞋a pair of pant 一条裤子a pair of dancers一对舞伴a pair of stairs一段楼梯a pair of pliers 一把剪钳a piece of paper 一张纸a piece of information 一条消息an article of clothes 一件衣物a cup of water 一杯水a packet of cigarettes 一盒香烟a basket of vegetables 一篮子蔬菜电影类型A-Picture(“APropeny,FirstFeature)A级片bstractFilm(NonobiectiveFilm)抽象电影ActionFilm动作片Acdon-AdventureFilm惊险动作片ActualityFilm现况电影Adaptation(FilmAdaptation)改编片AdventureFilm惊险AleatoryFilm运气电影Allegory(FilmAllegory)寓言片AmateurFilm(HomeMovie)业余电影Americana美国片AnarchicComedy(CrazyComeay)闹剧片AncientFilm(PilraAboutAntiquity)远古片AnimalPicture动物片AnimatedFilm(Animation)动画片ArbeiterFilm(PmletarianFilmWorkerFilm)劳工片Archetype(ArchetypalFilm)原型片ArkFilm避难片ArtPiLin(ArtCinemaFilm，QualityFilm)艺术片AuteurFilm(AuthorsFilm，DirectorsFilm)作者电影AutobiographicalFilm自传片Avant-Garde(Avant-GardeFilm)先锋电影AyiationFilm(AirFilm，FlyingFilm)飞行片B-Movie(B-Picture，LOW-BudgetProduction)B级片BalletFilm芭蕾片BaseballMovie棒球片BasketballPicture篮球片BiographicalFilm(Diography,Biopic)传记片BlackComedy(DarkComedy,SickHumor)黑色喜剧片BlackFilm(Slack-Orientednha)黑人电影BlackandWhiteFilm(MonochromeFilm)黑白片Blockbuster(Superspectacular)好莱坞大片(超级奇观片)BoxingPicture(FightFilm)拳击片BrechtianCinema布莱希特电影BriffshEmpireFilm(1mperialPicture)帝国片BuddyFilm(BondingFilm)伙伴(搭档)片BullfightingMovie(BullfighterFilm)斗牛片BushrangingFilm(BushrangerFlim)丛林片CampFilm(Camp)露营片CandidCameraComedy偷拍喜剧片CaperFilm(HeistFilm)恶作剧电影CaptionedFilm字幕电影CartoonFilm(AnimatedCartoon)卡通片CautionaryFilm(CautionaryTale)劝谕片Cavalcade队列片ChaseFilm(Chaser)追逐片Cheapie廉价片ChicanoPiun(chicanoCinema)墨西哥裔美国人电影ChildrensFilm(KidsFilm)儿童片ChineseSwordplayMovie(中国)武侠片ChristmasMovie圣诞片CinemaVerite(Cinema-VeriteFilm)(法国)真实电影CircusFilm(Big-TopMovie)马戏片Classic(FilmClassic)经典电影Cliffhanger惊险片、紧张片CollegeFilm(CampusMovie)校园片ColonialFilm殖民片ColorFilm(ColorMotionPicture)彩色片Comedy(FilmComedy，ComicFilm)喜剧片ComedyofManners(PoliteComedy)风俗喜剧片Comedy-Drama(Seriocomedy)剧情(严肃)喜剧片Coming-of-AgeMovie成长片Commerical广告片CompilationFilm汇编片ConfessionFilm(ConfessionStoryGenre)忏悔片ConspiracyFilm(ConspiracyThriller)阴谋片CostumeFilm(CostumeDrama)古装片CrimeFilm(CrimeDrama，CriminalFilm)犯罪片Cross-DxessmgFilm(DragGenre)异装片Cross-OverFilm背叛片CultFilm异类片、异教狂热片、怪异片DanceFilm舞蹈片DirectCinema(UncontrolledDocumentary)直接电影DisabilityPicture(HandicapMovie)残障片DisasterFitm(CatastropheFilm)灾难片Docudrama(DocumentaryDrama)纪实性剧情片Documentary(Non-Fiction)纪录片、纪录电影DomesticComedy(FamilyComedy)家庭喜剧片Drama剧情片DramaticFilm戏剧片DrugFilm(NarcoticsFilm，DopeFilm)毒品电影EarlyFilm早期片Epic(EpicFilm，FilmEpic)史诗片EpisodeFilm(AntholoogyFilm)选集片EroticFilm情色片EscaneFilm逃逸片EscavistFilm逃避现实电影EthnicFilm(RaceFilm)种族片ExperimentalFilm(NoncommercialFilm)实验电影、实验片ExploitationFilm推展片、宣传片ExpoMovie(ExhibitionFilm)展览片ExposeFilm(MuckrakingFilm)暴露片、丑闻片ExpressionistFilm(Expressionism)表现主义电影Expressive-RealistFilm(Pormalism)表现真实电影、形式主义电影FactualFilm事实片、专题片FairyTale童话片FamilyFilm(Famliy-OrientedFilm)家庭片FantasyFilm(Fantasy)幻想片FeatureFilm(Feature-LengthFilm)故事片、故事长片FeministFilm(WomensLibPicture)女性(主义)电影FictionalFilm(Dramatic-NarrativeFilm)虚构(叙事)片FilmAboutArt艺术电影FilmAboutPilm(FilmonPilmmaking)关于电影的电影FilmAboutMiddleAge(MidlifeCrisisFilm)中年(危机)片FilmAboutoldAge(FilmAboutAging)老年片FilmAboutSexualReltionships两性关系片FilmAbouttheTelevisionMedium电视媒体片FilmAbouttheTheater剧场片、戏剧片FilmBalnc(AnerlifeFilm,Life-AnerDeathFantasy)来世片FilmdArt(TheatricalFilm)戏剧艺术片FilmNoir(BlackCinema，Cinema，Noir)黑色片、黑色电影FilmPoem(Cinpoem，CinePoem，Poetry-Film)诗电影FootballFilm(GridironFilm)橄榄球片FormulaFilm程式片、套路片FreeCinema(FreeCinemaFilm)自由电影FuturistFilm(Futurism)未来片GamblingPicture(GarablingPicture)赌博片GangsterFilm(Gangmovie)黑帮片GayFilm(男)同性恋电影GenreFilm类型电影GhostFiim鬼片，幽灵电影GirlGangFiim(GigFilm)女帮片GoreFilm(Bloodand-GoreThril1er)血腥片GothicFilm(GothicCinema)哥特式电影Hard-CorePornoFilm(AdultFilm，PornoFilm)硬色情电影、色情片、春宫片HauntedHouseFilm(OId-HoseThriller)老屋(惊悚)片HistoricalFilm(HistoricalDrama)历史片HolocaustFilm(FilmAbotheHolocaust)大屠杀片HomageFilm致敬片HookerFilm(WorkingGirlFilm)妓女片Horrorfilm(TerrorFilm，GorefeSt)恐怖片HospitalFilm(DoctorDrama，MedicalDrama)医院片、医疗片Hybrid(Cross-GenreMovie，Mixed-GenreFilm)综合类型片、跨类型片ImpressionistFilm(Impressionism)印象主义电影Inependent Film(Indie，AltemativeCinema)独立电影JungkleFilm丛林片JuvnileDelinquencyFilm(DelinquentMovie)少年失足片KidnapDrama绑架片KitchenSinkFilm(SocialRealistFilm)社会现实片Kitsch(FilmKitsch，KitschMovie)矫揉造作电影KungFuFilm(Chop-ChopFilm)功夫片LaborFilm(Blue-CollarFilm)劳工(蓝领)片LawyerFilm(CourtroomDrama，LegakDrama)法庭片、司法片LesbianFilm(女)同性恋电影Live-ActionFilm实况动作片LocalComedy(NativeComedy)地方喜剧片LoveStory爱情故事Low-BudgetFilm(cheapFilm)低成本电影MafiaFilm黑手党电影Male-OrientedPicture(MansPicture)男人片、男性片MaritalDrama婚姻片MafitalArtFilm婚恋艺术片Melodrama(FilmMedodrama，Melker)情节片、家庭情节剧MinimalFilm(MinimaiCinema)简约电影ModernistFilm(NodemistCinema)现代电影MonsterMovie(CreatureFeature)魔怪片MoralityPlay(MoralityTale)道德剧、伦理片MotorcarRacingFilm(CarRacingDrama)赛车片MotorcycleMovie(CycleFilm)摩托片ModemFilm(MountaineeringFilm)登山片Musical(FilmMusical，MusicalFilm)歌舞片、音乐剧MysteryFilm神秘片、悬疑片NarrativeFilm(StoryFilm)叙事电影、故事片NaturalisticFilm(Naturalism，Slice-of-LifeFilm)自然主义电影NeorealistFilm(Neorealism)(意大利)新现实主义电影NewAmericanCinema新美国电影NewGermanCinema(NewGermanFilm)新德国电影Newsfilm新闻电影NewspaperFilm(Journ心smDrama)报纸片Newsreel新闻片NonfictionFilm(NonstoryFilm)非虚构片NonlinearFilm(DisnarrativePilin)非线性(叙事)电影NostalgiaFilm怀旧片NuclearFilm核武片Nudie(Nudie-Cutie)(黄色)裸露片OperaFilm(FilmOpera)歌剧片Parody(Burlesque，Spoof，Pastiche，Send-Up)(模仿)讽刺片PatrioticMovie爱国片PeriodFilm古装片PoeticRelistFilm(PsyehologicalRealism)诗意现实主义PoliceFilm(CopMovie，LawEnforcementDrama)警察片PoliticalFilm政治片PoliticalThriller(PoliticalFictionFilm)政治惊悚片PopulistComedy民粹喜剧片PreteenFilm儿童片PrisonFilm(JailMovie，PrisonerFilm)监狱片PrivateDetectiveFilm(InvestigativeFilm)私家侦探片PropaagandaFilm宣传(煽动)片PsychiatricFilm(PsychiatricallyOrientedFilm)精神病态片PsychopathicThriller(PsychoMovie，PsychologicalHorrorFilm)心理惊悚片RailwayFilm(TrainPicture，RailroadMovie)铁路片RealistFilm(realism，RealisticFilm)现实片、现实主义电影RedneckMovie(CountryMovie)农村片RenexiveFilm(Self-ConsciouslyMadeFilm)反省片、良心片ReligfiousFilm宗教片RepresentationalFilm描述性电影RevisionistFilm修正主义电影RevolutionaryFilm(MilitantFilm，RadicalFilm)(激进)革命电影RoadMovie(HotCarFilm)道路片RockFilm(RockandRollMusical)摇滚(音乐)片Romace(RomanticFilm)浪漫片、罗曼司RomanticComedy浪漫喜剧片R-RatedFilmR(限制)级片RuralComedy(FarmComedy)乡村喜剧片RusticDrama(FarmMovie)农村剧情片Saga(FamilySaga)(家族)传奇片SamuraiFilm(ChambaraFilm)武士片Satire(SatireComedy)讽刺喜剧片SciencefictionFilm(ExtrapolativeFilm，Sci-Fi)科幻片ScrewballComedy(WaciyComedy)怪僻喜剧片SeaFilm(NauticalFilm，SeaDrama)航海片SentimentalComedy伤感喜剧片Sequel(Pollow-Up，Spin-Off续集片SeriesFiilmSeries，SeriesFilm)系列片Sex-and-ViolencePicture(Sadomasochism)色情暴力片SexComedy(ComedyofSexualManners)情色喜剧片SexDocumentary性爱纪录片SexFilm(Sex-OrientedFilm)性爱片ShakespeareFilm(ShakespearanFilm)莎剧片Short(Court-Metrage，Short-FootageFilm)短片ShysterFilm政客片、政治阴谋片SilentFilm(Silent)默片，无声片SituationComedy(Sitcom)情景喜剧S1apstick(ClassicalComedy,ClownComedy)丑角喜剧、经典喜剧SlasherFilm(Body-CountMovie，SlaughterMovie)砍杀片S1eazvFilm(JunkFilm，TrashFilm)劣质片S1eepee(CinderellaFilm)梦幻片、灰姑娘片Small-TownMovie小镇片SoapOpera(ContinuousSerial，DaytimeDrama)肥皂剧、连续剧SoccerFilm足球片SocialComedy社会喜剧片SocialConsciousnessFilm(SocialProblemFilm)社会良心片、社会问题片SocialDrama社会剧SocialIssueFilm社会话题片Soft-CoreSex-ExploitationFilm(DirtyMovie)软色情片、黄色片SophisticatedComedy(HighComedy)奥妙(高深)喜剧SoundFilm(Talkie，Talker,TalkingPicture)有声片SpaghettiWestern(ItalianWestern)意大利“通心粉”西部片Special-EffectsFilm特技效果片SpectacleFilm(Spectacular)奇观片SportsPicture(SportingFilm)体育运动片SpyFilm(EspionageFilm，Secrct-AgentFilm)间谍片、特工片Stand-UpComedy单口喜剧片StreetFilm街道片StructuralFilm(ConceptualFilm，FormalFilm)构造电影、概念电影StudioFilm制片厂电影StylizedFilm风格化电影SurfMovie(SurferDrama，Surf-RidingFilm)冲浪片SurrealistFilm(Surrealism)超现实主义电影Surviva1Picture生存片Swashbuckler(SwashbucklingFilm，Sword-FightFilm)侠盗片、剑侠片Sword-and-SorceryFilm(Heroic-FantasyFilm)魔法片TeenMovie(Teenpic，YouthPicture)青少年片TelevisionMovie(Made-for-TVMovie，Telefilm，TVMovie)电视电影TheatricalFilm院线电影、影院片ThirdWorldFilm(ThirdWorldCinema)第三世界电影3-DFilm(Stereoscopic Film，Three-DimensionalFilm)三维(立体)电影Thriller(SuspenseFilm，SuspenseThriller)惊悚(悬疑)片Tragedy悲剧片Trailer(ComingAttractionTrailer,Preview)预告片TravelFilm(ExpeditionFilm，Travelogue)旅游片TrickFilm诡计片UndergroundFilm(AntiestablishmentFilm，Avant-Garde)地下电影UrbanComdey(BigCityComedy)都市喜剧VampireFilm吸血鬼电影VigilanteFilm(RevengeFilm)警觉片、复仇片ViolenceFilm(ViolentPicture)暴力片WarFilm战争片Weepie(Five-HandkerchiefFilm，Sob-Story)哭片，催汨弹电影WerewolfMovie狼人电影Western(CowboyFilm，WestertFilm)西部片、牛仔片Whodunit(MurderMystery,Mystery-Thrillet)推理片，神秘惊悚片WitchFilm(WitchcraftFilm)巫术片WomansPicture(WomensFilm)女性电影WrestlingFilm摔跤片ZombieMovie僵尸片委婉语（Euphemism）Be gone is a more pleasant, less direct way of saying be dead. This use of language is called euphemismju:fimizm（委婉语）Look at another example:His father passed away（died) last year他父亲是去年过世的。英语euphemism（委婉语）一词源于希腊语的前缀eu（好的）和词根pheme（说话），意为good speak（说好听的或者善辞令）。委婉语的出现和应用与语言禁忌有直接的关系。既然人们讳言某些事物，而在言语交际中又不能完全避开它们，于是迂回婉转的表达方式，即委婉语应运而生。人们讳言die（死），因而有了pass away, pass out, pass over（去世）之类的委婉说法。在交际活动中，人们出于礼貌，不愿直言某些事情，以免引起不快。对于一位身体肥胖的女士来说，人们更愿意说她put on weight（发了福）而忌说become fat（长胖了）。不言而喻，委婉语具有重要的社会功能。一方面，它可以维持语言禁忌的施使和效能；另一方面，它可以用来保持良好的人际关系，促进言语交际的正常进行。不管是西方人还是东方人，大家都忌言死。因此，就出现了大量关于死的委婉语，它们形式多样，各有异同。上面已经提到了死的三种委婉说法，实际上远不止这些。比如还有：to go to a better world（到极乐世界去了）；to go to another world（到另一个世界去了）；to go to heaven（上天堂去了）；to depart（故去）；to be gone（走了，没了）；to pay ones debt to nature（向大自然还债了）；to breathe ones last（咽下了最后一口气）；troubles be over now（罪受完了），等等。死对人们来说是一种不愉快的事情，但英语在委婉陈述这一事实时多数用了比喻的手段，表达了人们一种良好的愿望，要去天堂，要去极乐世界。另外，认为死是一种解脱，受完了罪还完了债，一切都了结了。委婉语还用来表达人们讳言的生理行为，如大小便、怀孕、生殖、性行为等。这在英语和汉语都是十分普遍的语言现象。虽然人们天天使用厕所，进行大小便，但在指称它们时多数避免直说。比如，英语中有：powder room（化妆室）、convenience（方便去处）、cloakroom（存衣室）、loo(=waterloo, 滑铁卢)、toilet（盥洗室）、gentlemen（男士）、gents（男士房间）、ladies（女士）、ladies（女士房间）等。以上词语，英国人用得多一些，而bathroom（浴室）、restroom（休息室）、men或mens（男士或男士房间）、women或womens（女士或女士房间）、comfort station（休息处）等说法又多为美国人使用。有的西方公厕连字也不写，门上画一个男人头代表男厕，画一个女人头则代表女厕。人们去厕所大小便也要婉转地表达。在英文中，这类委婉语也是很多的，比如，to wash ones hand（去洗手或净手）、to powder ones nose（向鼻子上擦点粉，女士用语）、to spend a penny（花一个便士）、to go and see ones aunt（去见阿姨）、to pay a call（拜访）、to relieve or to relieve nature（去空身）、to go somewhere（到什么地方去一下）、to answer the call of nature or to answer natures call（响应自然的召唤，指大小便急）、to have a BM（=bowel baul肠movement大便）等。在一个聚会或其他活动中，还可以用Will you excuse me for a few minutes?（请让我离开一会儿好吗？）学生上着课要去厕所，也可以说May I be excused?（我可以离开吗？）人的粪、尿在英语中也有雅称，如body refuse、human waste products、excrementekskrimnt等。汉语中关于厕所的委婉语有茅房、茅厕、洗手间、一号、方便的地方、便所等。在这些委婉语中，“洗手间”相当于英语中的toilet，可能是从英语中引进的。而“便所”或“方便的地方”正好和英语中的convenience相对应，真是不谋而合。“一号”也可能是从英语中引入的，因为英语number one俗称小便。其余的便地地道的“中国货”。汉语关于去厕所大小便的委婉说法也为数不少。有的和英语委婉语相对应。比如，汉语中的“去净手”便和英语中的to wash ones hand、“去一号”和to go to number one等相近似。人们很注重自己的身体和长相。但在这方面并非人人都十全十美。对于长相欠佳或生理有缺陷者，人们往往十分敏感，多不愿意直说某人的缺陷，免得使人难堪。这方面的委婉说法就更多了。英语国家的人们忌肥胖身材，但身体过瘦，皮包骨头，也会令人烦恼。所以，在英语中说到瘦人，人们忌用skinny（瘦骨嶙峋或皮包骨头），而说slim或slender（身材苗条）。说到相貌丑陋，人们忌用ugly（丑陋、难看），而说plain-looking（长相一般）。说到生理有缺陷者，人们忌说crippled（瘸）、blind（瞎）、deaf（聋）、dumb（哑），而统称他们为the handicapped or disabled（残疾人）。说到老年人，人们讳言old man（老头）或old woman（老太太），而说senior citizens（年长者，老年人）。西方人由于怕“老”，所以遇到要表达这类概念时，多用elderly或advanced in age（高寿）来表达。在英语国家，某些社会职业，如shoemaker（补鞋匠）、garbageman（垃圾工人）、undertaker（承办丧事的人）、dishwasher（洗盘子的）、washwoman（洗衣女工）、dog catchers（专门捕捉野狗的人）、bus boys（餐厅打杂工）等，地位低下，挣钱不多，被人瞧不起。随着社会的发展，人们的观念也有了变化。人们创造出一些新名词来指称他们，不但避免了尴尬，而且提高了他们的社会形象。比如，人们用shoe rebuilder（重整鞋者）代替shoemaker；用sanitation engineer（清洁工程师）代替garbageman；用funeral directors（殡仪负责人）代替undertaker；用utensil maintenance man（餐具维