中考英语复习语法专题1名词.doc

专题1名词 考点知识精讲 考点训练知识网络考点一 名词的分类考点二 名词的复数形式1.规则变化构成方法例词在词尾加-sgirlgirlspenpens以s，x，ch，sh结尾的名词后加-esbusbusesboxboxeswatchwatchesdishdishes以f或fe结尾的名词，变f，fe为v，再加-eswifewiveshalfhalves shelfshelvesthiefthieves某些以f结尾的词，直接加-sroofroofs(屋顶)beliefbeliefs(信念)以辅音字母y结尾的名词变y为i再加-escitycitiescountrycountriesfamilyfamiliespartyparties以元音字母y结尾的名词，直接加-sboyboys daydays以o结尾的四个词(两菜、两人)加-es，其余的都加-spotatopotatoestomatotomatoes heroheroesNegroNegroes zoozoosphotophotos2.不规则变化构成方法例词形式不变(单复数同形)sheepsheepdeerdeerChineseChineseJapaneseJapanese变内部元音字母footfeettoothteethgoosegeesemanmenmousemice词尾加-en/-renchildchildrenoxoxen3.复合名词的复数形式有两种(1)将主体词变为复数，如：apple treeapple trees boy classmateboy classmates(2)将复合词中两个词都变为复数，此种复合词中第一个词须是man或 woman，如：man workermen workers woman teacherwomen teachers4特殊情况(1)有些名词只有复数形式，如：clothes，shorts，pants，scissors(剪刀)，goods，glasses(眼镜 )(2)有些名词以s结尾，但不是复数形式，如：news，maths，physics，politics(3)有些物质名词或抽象名词的单、复数形式表示不同的含义，如： room(空间)a room(房间) work(工作)works(著作)(4)不可数名词的数量表达不可数名词本身不可数，但可借助单位量词表示一定的数量，如：a piece of bread/news/paper一片面包/一则新闻/一张纸还可用much，little，a little，a large amount of，some，any，no，lots of，plenty of等来修饰不可数名词，如：much money，some milk (5)数词名词形容词构成的复合形容词，中间的名词不能用复数形式而须用单数形式，如：He is a fouryearold boy.他是个4岁的男孩。(fouryearold不能说成fouryearsold)a fivefootdeep hole一个五英尺深的洞考点三 名词所有格1表示有生命的人或物的名词所有格形式，在此名词词尾加s，或直接加。(1)单数名词加s，如：Marys book(2)以s结尾的复数名词只加，不以s结尾的复数名词要加s，如：the three girls father 这三个女孩的父亲the childrens presents 孩子们的礼物(3)表示几个人共有，仅在最后一个人的名字后加s；表示各自所有时，需在各个名字后加s，如：Mary and Janes car(她俩人共有的车)Marys and Janes cars(她俩各自的车)(4)表示店铺、住宅、公共建筑等地点时，名词所有格后面的名词习惯上省略。如：the barbersthe barbers shop理发店to my auntsto my aunts house到我姑姑家(5)有些指时间、距离、重量、价值、国家和城镇等无生命的名词，也可以加s构成所有格。如：a weeks time 一周的时间Chinas population中国的人口2表示无生命的东西的所有格形式：名词of所有者，如：the name of the zoo动物园的名字3双重所有格：即ofs或of名词性物主代词，如：a book of my daughters 我女儿的一本书The friend of his is very kind.他的朋友非常友好。考点四 名词的句法功能名词在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语、表语、状语、定语等。名词作定语，一般用单数形式。如：girl students(女学生) paper flowers(纸花)名词作定语时，个别情况用复数形式。如：sports meeting (运动会)一、单项选择1Read the _carefully.They will help you know how to use the popper.Ainstructions Bdecisions Cresults2Cici enjoys dancing.Its one of her _.Aprize Bprizes Chobby Dhobbies3For my homework I have to write a(n) _about the wonders of the world.Amusic BpictureCcomposition Dexam4Boys and girls，feeling peaceful is the first step to become _ in the exam.So please take a deep breath and calm down.Arunners Bwinners Cplayers5I have great _ in learning math and Im so worried.Could you help me?Sure.Id be glad to.Atrouble Binterest Cjoy Dfun6Mrs Black, could you give me some advice on how to write an application letter?With pleasure.Remember that the letter should be written in the formal _.Avalue Bstyle Ceffect Dmood7Could you please get me some _？ Im hungry.Aapple Bwater Cbread Degg8Im going to the supermarket.Let me get you some fruit. OK.Thanks for your _.Aoffer Binformation Cmessage Dorder9These natural disasters have warned us that everyone should start to protect the _immediately.Aamusement BDevelopment Cenvironment Dgovernment10Mrs.Wang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year. She said she would never forget some pleasant _ while working there.Aexperiments Bexpressions Cexperiences Demotions11Excuse me, where can I exchange _？ Theres a bank on the second floor.Abooks Bfood CmoneyDstamps12Im sorry I went out for a smoke.I was very tired. Theres no _ for this while you are at work.Acause Bexcuse Cmatter Dchoice13John wants to be a _， so he often helps sick people in the hospital.Areporter Bdoctor Cscientist Dcook14I have trouble learning math this term. You should pay more _to your teachers advice.Amoney Battention Ctime15The two cities have reached an _to develop science and technology.Aeducation Bexcitement Cagreement Dinvention16Could you tell me something about the boy who helped you just now? Sorry, I know nothing about him.We are_.Afriends Bneighbors Cclassmates Dstrangers17I dont think looking after children is just _ work.Awoman Bwomans Cwomen Dwomens18Why are you still waiting in line? Ive missed my _.Aplace Border Cturn Dtime19I hear you have to run for half an hour every day. Right.It is one of the _ in my school.Achoices Bplans Chobbies Drules20_ mothers cant go to the meeting, because they have gone to New York on business.AAlice and Lilys BAlices and Lilys CAlices and Lily21Something is wrong with my _.I cant see anything around me.Anose Bears Ceyes Dmouth22The land in the southwest of China is in great need of _. Yes, it hasnt rained for a long time there.Amilk Btea Ccoffee Dwater23How far is your home from school? Its about two _ walk.Ahours Bhours Chours24Im not sure about the meaning of the word. Youd better look it up in a _.Aletter Bdictionary Cpostcard Dnotice25Whose computer doesnt work?_， I think.AJohn has BJohn does CJohn DJohns26Oh, my God! We have missed the last bus.What shall we do? Im afraid we have no _ but to take a taxi.Achoice Bdecision Creason Didea27Good morning, madam.Can I help you? Sure, Id like _，please.Atwo cups of coffees Btwo cup of coffeesCtwo cups of coffee Dtwo cup of coffee28Do you know the young lady over there? Yes.Shes _ mother.ALily and Lucy BLilys and Lucys CLilys and Lucy DLily and Lucys29After walking for more than half an hour, we decided to take _ rest.Aa few minutes Ba few minutes Ca little minutes Da little minutes30Where are the_？ They are playing_ basketball on the playground.Aman teachers; the Bmen teachers; theCman teachers; / Dmen teachers; /31Betty has a silk_.She can sing very well.Avoice Blook Csound Dnoise32Oh, there isnt enough_ for us on the bus. No hurry.Lets wait for the next one.Afloor Bground Croom Dplace33I saw many _ eating grass on the hill.Ahorse Bcow Cdeers Dsheep34. Please remember to give the horse some tree_.A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave35. -Would you like_tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two_.A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges36. John bought_for himself yesterday.A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoeC. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes37. -What would you like to have for lunch, sir? -Id like_. !A. chicken B. a chicken C. chickens D. the chicken38. There are five_in our factory.A. woman driver B, women driver C. woman drivers D. women drivers 39. They write most of their_ in English.A. business letter B. business letters C. businesses letter D. businesses letters40. The post office is a bit far from here. Its about_.A. thirty minutess walk B. thirty minutes walk C. thirty minutes walk D. thirty minutes walk 41. The post card is sent by _.A. a friend of my father B. a friend of my fathers C. my father friend D. my father friends42. Please take two_.A. picture of the park B. pictures of the park C. the pictures of a park D. picture of a park43. We need some more_. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe44. What big_ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes45. Can we have some _? -Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear 46. He is hungry. Give him _ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads47. In the picture there are many_ and two _. A. sheep; foxes B. sheeps; fox C. sheeps; foxes D. sheep;foxs48. A group of_ will visit the museum tomorrow. A. Germen B. Australian C. Japanese D. American49. There are sixty-seven_ in our school.A. womens teacher B. women teachers C. woman teachers D. women teacher50. September 10th is_in China.A. Teachers Day B. TeachersDay C. Teacher Day D. Teachers Day51. Joan is_. A. Marys and Jack sister B. Mary and Jacks sister C. Mary and Jack sister D. Marys and Jacks sister 52. The football under the bed is_.A. Lily and Lucy B. Lilys and Lucys C. Lilys and Lucy D. Lily and Lucys 53. Its about _ walk from my house.A. ten minute B. ten minutes C. ten minutes D. ten minutes 54. _ face to the south.A. Windows of the room B. The windows of the room C. The rooms windows D. The windows in room55. Miss Smith is a friend of_.A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. mothers of Mary D. Mary mothers 二、根据句意及所给汉语意思写出所缺单词(15分)1The Great Wall of China is one of the _(奇迹) of the world.2More and more _(外国人)come to visit China.3After three _(星期) holiday, we came back to work.4To our great _(惊讶), Tom failed to pass the graduation exam.5He cant see the blackboard clearly, so he needs a pair of _(眼镜)6They have planted about five _(千) trees in and around the town in the past few years.7The camera was one of the greatest _(发明) in the 19th century.8How many times do you brush your_(牙齿) every day?9. Please tell me the_(胜利者) telephone number.I want to interview him.10There are many fresh_(土豆) in the supermarket.11Thank you very much for your_(邀请)But Im so sorry that I cant come to your party tomorrow.12Take a short rest after two_(小时) hard work, and you wont feel too tired. 13Great_(变化) have taken place in our hometown.14A powerful earthquake hit Wenchuan in _(西南方), Chinas Sichuan Province on May 12th.三、根据句意及所给首字母补全单词(18分)1A _is the fo