初中语法讲解系列(附练习)-动词1(实义动词、连系动词、助动词).doc

动词（I）实义动词、连系动词、助动词一、实义动词 又称为行为动词，本身具有比较完整的意义，能够在句中单独作谓语。分为及物动词vt.与不及物动词vi.两大类 1、vt.后要加宾语才能使其意义完整；而vi.后无须加宾语，其本身就能表达完整的意思 2、当vi.后需要接宾语时，要在其后加上一个合适的介词二、连系动词 简称系动词，后面必须加形容词、名词、不定式或动名词等表语一起构成系表结构 1、表示“状态”的连系动词，如be，look，smell，taste，sound，feel，keep，stay，remain等 2、表示“变化”的连系动词，如become，turn，get，grow等三、助动词 本身没有意义，不能独立作谓语，它必须和实义动词一起构成时态、语态、否定和疑问等结构。英语中常见的助动词有am，is，are，was，were，do，does，did，have，has，had，will，shall，would等 1、助动词be（am，is，are，was，were）用来帮助构成进行时态和被动语态 am/is/are+ doing sth. 现在进行时 was/ were+ doing sth. 过去进行时 be+过去分词 被动语态 2、助动词have（has，have，had）用于帮助构成完成时态 has/have +过去分词 现在完成时 had +过去分词 过去完成时 3、助动词do（does，do，did）用于帮助构成疑问句和否定句；用于强调句，加强说话语气 Do be quiet，children！ 4、助动词shall和will用于构成将来时，shall仅用于第一人称，will可用于任何人称 will/shall + v.一般将来时 would/should + v.过去将来时课堂练习1. By the time I got outside, the school bus (leave).2. In order to provide better services for foreigners during the 2nd Youth Olympic Games, lots of bus and taxi drivers are busy (learn) English.3. Yesterday I a new dress at the Macys for my mum.( buy)4. When I got home, my pet dog (lie) on the floor, dead.5. We are looking forward to (visit) Shanghai World Expo.6. Many school things were (send) to Yushu last month.7. There is nothing important in todays newspaper. How about (listen) to the radio?8. At weekends, Nancy enjoys (read) comic books at home.9. I dont like eating lemon. It t too sour.10. Would you like to (分享) your experiences with us?课后作业1. When did your uncle in Shanghai? The day before yesterday. A. arrive B. get C. reach D. go2. Last Sunday my aunt at home with me. We were watching TV all day A. was B. were C. is D. are3. This silk dress so smooth. Its made in China. A. feels B. smells C. sounds D. tastes4. Hows Annie? I her for a long time. A. dont see B. wont see C. didnt see D. havent seen5. When Jessy to New York? Yesterday. A. does; get B. did; get C. has; got D. had; got6. Where is Ben? He to the teachers office. He will be back soon. A. go B. has gone C. has been D. goes7. Do you often watch Man and Nature on TV? Sometimes. Its an interesting program, but I Sports News. A. prefer B. want C. enjoy D. miss8. Everyone I come from Sichuan. Actually, I come from Shandong. A. find B. think C. finds D. thinks9. Your homework is well done. Just some small mistakes in it. A. create B. connect C. correct D. control10. Its too bright and sunny. Why not your sun glasses? A.break B. clean C. make D. wear11. The bus is coming. Be careful when you the bus. A. get on B. get off C. get up D. get to12. The plane will from Beijing Capital Airport and land in London. A. take up B. take out C. take away D. take off13. What is Mum cooking in the kitchen? Fish, I guess. How nice it ! A. looks B. sounds C. tastes D. smells14. Thanks for your wonderful dinner. I have to go now. Its raining hard. Dont until it stops. A. arrive B. stay C. come D. leave15. The small child was not old enough to himself. A. have B. wear C. dress D. put16. Dont others. Sometimes you make mistakes too. A. knock at B. laught at C. look at D. arrive at17. Doctors tell poeple their hands often and to stay home if they feel ill. A. to wash B. washes C. wash D. washing18. Shall we stay at home watching TV tonight? No, Id like and see a movie. A.to go B. go C. went D. going19. The classroom was so dirty. I decide