2014春八年级下册unit9课文重难点讲解.doc

Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?Section A1. Have you ever been to a science museum?（P65）你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？ Yes，I have. 是的，去过。【解析1】ever 曾经 (用于现在完成时。ever用于疑问句、否定句)Have you ever seen the film? No, never.(现在完成时二：表示曾经的经历或从未有过的经历或做过某事，常用ever 和never，多用于疑问句或否定句中）【解析2】have/has been to / have / has gone to / have/ has been in 辨析： have/ has been to + 地名 “曾经去过某地” , 现在已经回到原地。He has been to England twice他曾经去过英国两次。(现在已经不在英国了)Have you ever been to the Great Wall？你到过长城吗?（现在已经不在长城上） have gone to + 地名“已经去某地了” ， 说话时该人不在现场。 He has gone to England。他已去英国了。(已经不在说话的地方，到达英国或者在去英国的路上)( ) Mary isnt here. She has _ the shop.A. been to B. went to C. gone to D. /【2013江苏中考1】A number of tourists _ Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city. A. have been to B. has been to C. has gone to D. have gone to have been in +地点 待在某地，常与时间段搭配。I have been in Shanghai for three years.2. Me neither 我也没有。（P65）（neither have I. /I havent, either.）【解析1】在英语中，表示“也”的知识归纳如下： 主语 + neitherA. 否定句中的“也” neither +助动词/be + 主语 完整的否定句后加either，但要加逗号隔开。 He didnt go to school. 他没有去上学。Me neither. Neither did I I didnt go to school , either. 主语 + too B.肯定句中的“也” so +助动词/be+ 主语 完整的肯定句后加too，且要用逗号隔开。 He is a good student. Me too.So am I Im a good student, too.【2012山东枣庄】 Peter has never been to a water park. _.A. I havent neither B. I havent too C. Me too D. Me neither【解析2】neither的用法：1） neither adj. 后接单数名词，表示“两者都不”，作主语时，句子的谓语要用单数。 eg: Neither answer is right. 两个答案都不对。2） neither pron. 与of连用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Neither of us has been to Beijing.3） neither adv. 用于倒装句中。Me neither.= Neither do I.4） neither conj. 常与nor构成短语neither.nor. “既不也不” ,连接两个并列成分，当它连接两个主语时，取就近原则。eg: Neither my parents nor I am a teacher.3. Lets go to one tomorrow. （P65）咱们明天去一个看看吧！【解析1】 Lets 中的us 包括对方，表示揣对方提建议。反意疑问句用 shall weLets go and listen to the music, _? Let us 不包括对方, 具有请求允许的意味。反意疑问句用will youLet us go home. _? Let sb. do sth 让某人做某事 （sb.应用人称代词的宾格形式）【解析】one,that,it one意为“一个人或物”，代替前面提到过的人或同类事物中的一个。one代替单数，复数用onesThat boy is my brother.Which one?The one on a bike. that 与所指名词同类，但不是同一个；可上文提到的事情，也可代替不可数名词。The population of China is much larger than that of America. it用于指代前面提到过的名词，即同名同物。Do you like the game?Yes, I like it.巧记one,that,it的区别：同名同物it替，可不可数两相宜；同类事物用one(s)，单用one 来复用ones；that同类物相异，不可数也可以。4. Lets go somewhere different today. (P65)咱们今天去个不同的地方吧。【解析】形容词修饰不定代词/副词,放在不定代词之后。【注】somewhere adv. 在某处，在某地。表达地点时， 前面不用介词。常 用于肯定句中。否定句或疑问句注anywhere.He just lives somewhere in the city.他就住在这个城市的某个地方。【2012江苏连云港2】Have you bought _ for Lindas birthday? Not exactly. Just some flowers, A. something unusual B. anything unusual C. unusual something D. unusual anything【2013绥化3】 How do you like the talk show? I think its _, but some people think its so_. A. wonderful enough; bored B. enough wonderful; boring C. wonderful enough; boring【拓展】不定副词：somewhere , anywhere, nowhere somewhere在某处用在肯定句中anywhere无论何处用在否定句或疑问句中nowhere在什么地方都不否定词，=notanywhereeverywhere各处，到处=here and there 【用法】：不定副词被定语修饰时，定语必须放在其后 somewhere warm 暖和的地方 ( ) I dont want to go _. A. somewhere cold B. cold somewhere C. anywhere cold D. cold anywhere( ) Do you have your summer plan, Bill? Well, I want to go _ to relax with my family. A. interesting somewhere B. nowhere interesting C. somewhere interesting【2012凉山3】 Where would you like to go on vacation, Lily? Its hot here. Id like to go _. A. Anywhere cool B.cool somewhere C.somewhere cool5. They are going to take the subway. 他们打算乘地铁。【解析】 take (took , taken) v 乘， 坐， 搭（车，船）take the/a +交通工具+to +地点“乘坐” (放于句中) 动词短语在句中做谓语 take the subway 乘地铁 take the train 乘火车 take the bus 乘公共汽车 take the taxi 打的( ) My mother usually _ the train to work.A. by B. goes C. rides D. takes6. Its really interesting, isnt it?（P66）它确实很有趣，是吗？【反意疑问句】一、定义：即附加疑问句。表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。 二、结构： 陈述句 + 附加疑问句？ Its hot today ,isnt it ? 三、原则： 1.前肯后否，前否后肯 2.前名后代 3.时态一致 They work hard, dont they?注：1)当前面的陈述句中有否定词few, little,never,no, nobody, hardly,seldom等词时，疑问部分应用肯定形式。He can hardly swim, can he?2) 以lets开头的反意疑问句，反意疑问部分用shall we;以 let us 开头的反意疑问部分用will you Lets go and play football, shall we? Let us have a rest, will you?四、做题方法（一）找动词（1）如果句中有助动词、情态动词、be动词，反意疑问句中也相应的用助动词、情态动词、be动词。 He is a student ,_? (2) 如果句中没有助动词、情态动词、be动词，只有实义动词时，就要借助助动词。 She often get up at 6:30 every morning,_?(二) 判断句子是肯定还是否定，“前肯后否，前否后肯”The students have planted many trees,_?(三) 反意疑问句的主语必须转换成人称代词主格。 The boy cant swim,_?【2013温州1】 Its Fathers Day, ? Yes. Lets buy a gift for Dad. A. isnt it B. doesnt it C. isnt he D. doesnt he 【2013永州1】Your school is very beautiful, _? A.isnt it B.is it C.is your school【2013益阳3】Jim had nothing for breakfast this morning, _? _. He got up too late. A. had she; Yes B. hadnt he; Yes C. did he; No7. I learned about the inventions that led to color movies, too.(P66)我还了解了一些发明，它们成就了彩色电影。【解析1】这是一个含有定语从句的复合句，that led to color movies是一个由that引导的定语从句，修饰前面的先行词inventions. That在定语从句中作主语不能省。【解析2】invent v. 发明inventor n. 发明家 invention n. 发明【记】Edison , a great _, _over 1000_ all his life.(invent). I think the light bulb is one of the most important_(invent).The car _(invent) in 1885.invent发明指事物从无到有（客观上没有）discover发现强调事物本身存在，只不过从“未知”到“已知”（客观上以前存在）Gibert _electricity, but Edison _ the electric light bulb. 吉尔贝特发现了电，而爱迪生发明了电灯泡。( ) Bell _the telephone in 1876.( ) Columbus _America in 1492.A. invent B. discover C. invented D. discovered【2012昭通】The light bulb is one of the most useful _(invent) in the world.【2013江苏盐城】What do you think is the greatest _ (invent) of the twentieth century? 【2012山东】After hard training for a long time, Liu Xiang _the records again.A. brokeB. achievedC. inventedD. completed【模拟1】 I think the telephone was invented in 1876. A. created B. found C. seen D. used【解析2】lead led led v引导，引诱 leader n 领导人【谚语】All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马 【拓展】 lead to sth 导致 lead sb. to sw 引导某人去某地 lead sb. to do sth 引导某人干某事8.We put up a tent and cooked outside. (P66)我们搭起帐篷，在户外做饭。【解析】put up 搭起；举起；张贴【短语】：put away 把收起来 put on 穿上 put up 张贴，put out 熄灭 putinto 把放进 put down 放下【2013湖北孝感4】 _ your sunglasses, Sally. The sun is so bright. A. Put down B. Put up C. Put away D. Put on9. They have information about different computers and who invented them.（P67）那里有各式各样的计算机的信息以及是谁发明了它们。【解析】information n.信息；资料【辨析】information/message/ newsinformation指电视、电脑或其它杂志等获得的信息，为不可数名词； a piece of information 一条信息You can get much information on the Internet. message“消息、口信、电报” 指书面、口头、无线电等传来的信息，为可数名词； Ill leave a message for her. 我将为她留个口信。. news“新闻，消息”，指通过报纸、电台、电视等新闻媒介报道的最新消息，为不可数名词。 a piece of news 一则新闻【谚语】No news is good news 没有消息就是好消息 Is there any good news today?【2013湖北孝感】 What _ can you give me on learning English? I think you could join an English club A advice B news C messages D information【2013 甘肃】Just search the internet, you can get almost all the _ you need. A. informations B. information C. picture D. story【2013四川凉山2】Where is Thomas? He left a _ . A. information B. message C. news【2013 上海】The students didnt find much _ about the topic on that website. A. report B. article C. information D. Story10. Its unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way! （P67） 真是难以置信，科技发展的竟然如此迅速。【解析1】unbelievable adj. 难以置信的；不真实的（反）believe 【记】believe +able = believable 可信的 un + believable =unbelievable 难以置信的 That story is unbelievable.本句是一个含有主语从句的主从复合句，it在句中作形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。Its unbelievable that.令人难以置信的是【解析2】progress vi. 进步；进展 n.(不可数n) make (much/great)progress 取得（很大的）进步 make progress in 在.方面 取得进步 I have made much progress in English.【2012湖北黄冈3】 Why is Harveys mother so happy? Because only three students _, _ his son Harvey. A. failed the exam ;besides B. made progress; except C. made progress; including D. passed the exam; without【解析3】rapid adj.迅速的；快速的= quick /fast He has made rapid progress in his studies.rapid 强调反应“敏捷”等She made a rapid decision.quick强调时间 “短“ There will be a quick visit.fast强调速度 “ 快”I can run fast .【解析4】suchadj.such+a/an+adj+可数名词单数such+adj+可数名词复数/不可数名词soadv.so+adj./adv.so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数so +many/much/few/little(少）+n. He is such a great writer. =He is so great a writer. 11. I wonder how much more computers will be able to do in the future. (67) 我想知道未来的电脑还能做多少事情。【解析】wonder v. 想要知道= want to know 后接从句，也可接“疑问词+不定式” I wonder who she is. I wonder what to do next. n. 惊奇；奇观 the seven wonders of the world 【记】 I wondered how on earth this wonder was built. 他想知道这个奇观究竟是怎么样建成的。【2013湖北武汉4】 Is Kate serious? I _. She neve r means it. A. suppose B. agree C. believe D. wonder 【2013齐齐哈尔2】I wonder when you _in New York. I will send an e-mail to you as soon as I _there. A. arrive; will get B. will arrive; get C. will arrive; will get12. Ive recently been to a very unusual museum in India , the International Museum of Toilets. (P67)我最近去了印度的一个不同寻常的博物馆 国际厕所博物馆。【解析1】recently adv. 不久前；最近。在句中可放句首，句中或句尾。【解析2】unusual adj.特别的；不同寻常的（反）usual adj. 通常的；平常的 as usual像往常一样 an unusual experience 不同寻常的经历usually. adv. 通常。位于be动词，助动词，情态动词之后，实义动词之前。【2013湖北十堰2】26. This is a useful dictionary, I think. So it is, and its _unusual one. A . theB. anC. aD. 不填【拓展】 un + adj. unhappy unfortunate uneasy unlucky unable unfriendly unimportant13. I just couldnt believe my eyes when I saw so many different kinds of toilets there.(P67) 当我在那看到如此多不同的厕所的时候， 我简直不敢相信我的眼睛。【解析】couldnt believe my eyes. 无法相信我的眼睛 （表示惊讶）14. It also encourage governments and social groups to think about ways to improve toilets in the future.(P67) （博物馆） 它还鼓励政府和社会团体来想办法来改善未来厕所。【解析1】 encourage sb. to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb. in sth 在某方面鼓励某人 The teacher ofeten encourages us to speak English more.【2013辽宁鞍山3】Jessicas parents always encourage her _ out her opinions. A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. will speak【解析2】social adj. 社会的 society n. 社会 socialist 社会主意者 social problem 社会问题15. Its a relaxing and peaceful place near a lake. (P67) 它是湖附近一个令人放松和宁静的地方。【解析】peaceful adj. 和平的，安宁的【拓展】peace n. 和平 peaceful adj. 和平的 peacefully adv. 和平地【拓展记忆】beauty n. 美丽 beautiful adj. 美丽的 help n. 帮助 helpful adj. 有帮助的 use n. 用途 useful adj. 有用的 thank n.感谢 thankful adj. 感激的 That night was so _(peace) All the people who love _hope that the world is _forever, without wars.(peace)【2012 内蒙古包头】 It is our hope that we can live in a_ world and say goodbye to wars for ever. A. similar B. peaceful C. familiar D. Natural16. The tea art performances show how to make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets.(P67) 茶艺表演展示了如何用精美的茶具沏一杯完美的茶。【解析1】perform v. 表演；演出 performance n. 演出；表演（可数） performer n. 演出者；演员 musical performance 音乐演奏【解析】 perfect adj. 完美的 反义词为imperfect. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧( ) She speaks English _ than I . A. Perfect B. Perfectly C.more perfect D.more perfectly.【解析2】 how to make a perfect cup of tea是“疑问词+to do ”作show的宾语。此结构在句中可作主语，宾语，表语等成分。I really cant decide where to go.=I really cant decide where to go.注意 ：“疑问词+to do ”作宾语时，相当于宾语从句。当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，可以与此结构互换。17. Watching the tea preparation is just as enjoyable as drinking the tea itself.(P67) 看他们用漂亮的茶具来准备茶就像喝茶本身一样让人享受。【解析1】 tea sets 茶具关于“茶” 你知多少？A. Tea sets 茶具 the tea art 茶艺 the tea art performance 茶艺表演B. Green tea 绿茶 black tea 红茶 milk tea 奶茶 Oolong tea 乌龙茶C. make tea 泡茶 serve tea to . 给.敬茶【解析2】itself 它自己反身代词（此处作宾语the tea的同位语，起强调宾语的作用）(1)反身代词的构成一、二人称的反身代词构成:形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成单数myselfyourself复数ourselvesyourselves 第三人称的反身代词构成:第三人称宾格+self/selves单数：himselfherselfitself复数： themselves(2) 反身代词的常见搭配：enjoy oneself=have fun =have a good time玩得高兴by oneself =alone 独自 teach oneself=learn by oneself 自学 help oneself to 随便吃 introduce oneself to 自我介绍 hurt oneself 伤到自己 improve oneself 提高自己 look after oneself照顾自己 leave sb by oneself把某人单独留下 lose oneself in 沉迷于 say to oneself 自言自语 for oneself 为了某人自己 dress oneself 给某人自己穿衣服 (3) 反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致。【2013黑龙江哈尔滨】 No matter how difficult things seem to be, you should say to _ “Never mind!” A positive attitude is the key to success. A. themselves B. ourselves C. yourselves【2013山东潍坊】The song I Believe I Can Fly tells us that believing in_is very important. A. themselves B. itself C. ourselves D. yourselves【2013浙江温州】Ill have a tennis game tomorrow. Im a little bit nervous. Believe in _ . Youre the best in our club. A. herself B. myself C. yourself D. himself【2013 上海】My old neighbor Charles felt _ after his children moved out. A. lonely B. safely C. angrily D. Happily18. Iv finally realized why my grandpa loves drinking tea and collecting tea sets.(P67) 我终于明白了我祖父为什么喜欢喝茶，并且喜欢收集茶具。【解析1】这是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句。特殊疑问词why引导的句子为宾语从句。当宾语从句为疑问句时，要用陈述语序。【解析2】collect vt. 收集 collection n. 收藏；收藏品 collector n. 收藏家 collect stamps /coins 收集邮票/硬币 have a collection of books 收藏书【记】He is a famous _ and he has _ a lot of _(collect).Tom has been _ stamps since he was in Grade Three . He is a great _. Now he has a great _of stamps.(collect).( ) _ you _ stamps since you were six?A. Did; collect B. Do; collect C. Have; collect D. Have ; been collecting 19. Well , Ive already _ (be) there a couple of times, but Im happy _(go Again.(P68)嗯，我已经去过那里几次了，但我很高兴再去一次。【解析】 a couple of 少数；几个；一对；一双a couple of times 若干次a couple of通常指同类事物中的任意两个或几个，不一定是成对的使用a pair of “一双（对、副.) ,通常指成对使用的的东西。 如一双鞋等There are a couple of beds in the room.This pair of shoes is a bit small for me.20. There are some special German paintings there right now. （P68） 现在那里正有一些特别的德国画。【解析1】Germanadj.德国的； 德国人的；德语的 German n.德国人（pl) Germans German 德语（不）国家国籍形容词居民语言中国China 中国的Chinese 中国人Chinese汉语Chinese英国England 英国的English 英国人Englishman 英语English日本 Japan日本的Japanese日本人Japanese日语Japanese加拿大Canada加拿大的Canadian 加拿大人Canadian 英语/法语English/French美国（America）The United States美国的American美国人American英语English澳大利亚Australia澳大利亚的Australian澳大利亚人Australian英语English【解析2】right now 现在= at the moment 可用于一般现在时或现在进行时They are listening to the concert right now. 立刻；马上 Ill do it right now.【2012湖北黄冈1】 Jim, is your brother in ? No, he is reading in the library at the moment. A. right now B. at times C. right now D. at once21. You can also see (see) the Disney characters walking around the park. （P68） 你也能看到一些迪士尼人物在公园里四处走动。【解析】walk around 四处走动 around作介词/副词，常与下列动词搭配使用。 go around 四处走动； look around 环顾；参观 travel around 到处旅游 show sb around sp. 带领某人参观某地22.And have you ever heard (hear) of a Disney Cruise? （P68） 你听说过迪士尼油轮吗？【解析】hear of 听说【拓展】listen to/hear(1)listen/listen to 听，侧重听的“过程”(2)hear 听，侧重听的“结果”( )He _but could _ nothing. A .heard ; listened B. listened; heard C. heard; heardhear sb. do sth 听见某人做某事 I often hear him sing in the room.hear sb. doing sth 听见某人正在做某事 I hear him singing in the room( ) When the little boy _ someone coming upstairs, he stopped _. A. heard; to cry B .listened; crying C. heard; crying D .listened; to cryhear of/about 听说 hear from =receive a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信Im sorry to hear that.听到这件事我很难过(指听到别人不幸的消息时的用语)( ) How often do you_ your sister? Ahear B. hear of C. hear from D .hear about( ) Mike hurt his arm the day before yesterday. Now hes in hospital. _. A. Im sorry to hear that B. Thats all right. C.I hope youll feel better soon.【2012四川广元1】 Have you _ “ Zhang Lili”? Yes, she is the most beautiful woman teacher in China. A. heard of B. hear