形容词和副词.doc

形容词和副词考点1. 形容词ly变副词的规则A.一般直接加lyslow-slowly quick-quicklycertain-certainly usual-usuallyB.以-1结尾的，仍加一lygradual-gradually real-reallyhopeful-hopefully especial-especiallyC.以-le结尾的，去e加ypossible-possibly probable-probablysimple-simply gentle-gentlyD.以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加lyhappy-happily angry-angrily(但是shy一shyly)E.以元音字母+e结尾的，去e加lytrue-truly 练习：写出下列形容词的副词形式clearextremestrong kindshyexact freelatecalmpolite recent normalusualcareful wonderful special beautifulpossible probable simpleterriblehappy angryeasy true casualcheerful mental考点2. 根据句子成分选用形容词和副词常见使用形容词的情况：作表语、定语、补语。He is a careful boy.（作定语，用形容词）He is careful.（作表语，用形容词）You must keep your eyes closed. （作宾补，用形容词）。常用副词的情况：修饰动词、形容词、副词和整个句子。He writes carefully. He walks slowly.(认真地写，慢慢地走，修饰动词用副词)He is probably at home. 他很有可能在家里。This material is environmentally friendly.（修饰形容词）He runs very slowly.（修饰副词slowly, 因此very是副词）Unfortunately, he lost all of his money. （修饰整个句子）可简单归结为：形修名，表补定；副做状，修“副句形动”(可谐音记为“付诸行动”)。考点3. 形容词副词的比较级1 一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est；（1）单音节词如：smallsmallersmallest shortshortershortesttalltallertallest greatgreatergreatest（2）双音节词如：clevercleverercleverest 2 以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st；如：largelargerlargest nicenicernicest 3在重读闭音节（即：辅音元音辅音）中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est；如：bigbiggerbiggest hothotterhottest4.以“辅音字母y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est；如：easyeasiereasiest heavyheavierheaviestbusybusierbusiest happyhappierhappiest5其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most；如：beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifuldifferentmore differentmost differenteasilymore easilymost easily注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用.例句： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.（2） 形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示非常.It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.6有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记.如：goodbetterbest wellbetterbestbadworseworst illworseworstoldolder/elderoldest/eldestmany/muchmoremost littlelessleastfar further/farther furthest/farthest二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法1“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A比B更”.如：This tree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高.注意：在比较级前面使用much,表示程度程度“强得多”.如：A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.2“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越”如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了.3“the +比较级, the+比较级”,表示“越越”.The more money you make, the more you spend.钱你赚得越多,花得越多.The sooner,the better.越快越好.4. 形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较,表示“最”的意思.如：He is the tallest in our class.他在我们班里是最高的.5. 比较级与最高级的转换：Mike is the most intelligent in his class.Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class注意：1.much, far, any,even等可修饰比较级的词2.要避免重复使用比较级.(错) He is more taller than his brother.(对) He is taller than his brother. 用括号内词的形容词或副词形式的适当形式填空, 并说明为什么用这种形式。1. This math problem is _ and I can work it out _. (easy)2. There was a _ wind last night, and it blew _. (strong)3. The boys have a _ time. Theyre playing _. (happy)4. The_ girl sings very _. (beautiful)5. “Ive missed it,” Robert said _. (angry)6. _（surprising）, he returned safe and sound (安然无恙地) the next morning.7. _ (hope), he can get on well with all his classmates in the new school.8. _, he didnt fail in the exam.(luck)9. He was _ ill and I was _ sorry for that. (terrible)10. It was _ (extreme) cold that day and the meeting was _ (especial) important.11. He is an _ singer and he sings _ well. (incredible)12. Its _ (exact) what I have wanted.13. Its _ (simple) a matter of time. 选择括号内的形容词或副词填空。The hikers were walking (1. slow/ slowly) up the mountain path. Suddenly, they saw a large creature above them. It looked very (2. strange/ strangely), with a large head and thick black hair. The creature screamed (尖叫)（3. loud/ loudly. ）It sounded (4.horrible /horribly), like the scream of a mad person. Then the creature ran (5. quick/ quickly) behind a rock. When the hikers got there, they saw big footprints in the snow and some black hair on the rocks. The hair was dirty and smelled （6. terrible/terribly）. The hikers (7. careful /carefully) took photos. From that moment they started to feel (8. anxious/anxiously) and they slept (9. bad/ badly) that night. When they got back home, they developed (冲洗) the photos. There was nothing there, only snow and rocks!. 单项选择。1. 【1991全国】These oranges taste _. A. goodB. wellC. to be goodD. to be well2. 【2006上海春】Some experts think that language learning is much _ for children as their tongues are more flexible. A. easyB. easierC. easilyD. more easily3. 【2005上海春】What a nice fire you have in your fireplace!During the winter I like my house _.A. warmly and comfortablyB. warm and comfortableC. warm and comfortablyD. warmly and comfortable4. 【2009福建】It seems that living green is _ easy and affordable. A small step makes a big difference. A. exactlyB. fortunatelyC. surprisinglyD. hardly 5. What do you think of the plan? I feel _ that we ought to give it up at once.A. strongB. strongerC. stronglyD. it strong6. 【2004上海】He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _ a native speaker. A. as fluent asB. more fluent than C. so fluently asD. much fluently than7. 【2006湖南】Although she did not know Boston well, she made her way _ to the Home Circle Building.A. easy enoughB. enough easyC. easily enoughD. enough easily8. 【2007 上海春】Nowadays the roles of husband and wife are not as _ defined as before, especially when both partners work and earn money for the family. A. clearB. clearerC. clearlyD. more clearly9. 【2007 上海春】Although the country has had political independence for over a century, _ it needs the support of its neighbors. A. naturallyB. economically C. especiallyD. luckily10. _, the thief didnt take anything valuable but my notebook. A.Strange it isB. To be strange C. Strangely enoughD. It was strange考点4. 形容词也作状语，但表示主语所处的状态1. 【2013上海】The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really _.A. to be worriedB. to worryC. having worriedD. worried2. The old hostess stood _ for a moment when she saw a beggar appear before her suddenly. A. surprisingB. surprised C. surprisedlyD. to surprise3. 【2008北京】 After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _.A. hungry and tiredlyB. hungry and tired C. hungrily and tiredlyD. hungrily and tired4. 【2009浙江】_ and short of breath, q 329950885 Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai. A. To be triedB. TiredC. TiringD. Being tired 考点5. 下列几组词，词尾有无-ly都可作副词一些词有原形和以-ly结尾两种副词形式。大多数情况下，不以-ly结尾表“具体”，以-ly结尾表“抽象”。A. close与closelyclose意思是“近”; closely 意思是“仔细地，密切地”。He is sitting close to me.Watch him closely.B. late 与latelylate意思是“晚”；lately意思是“最近”。如：What have you been doing lately?C. deep与deeplydeep意思是“深”，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，“深深地”。如：He pushed the stick deep into the mud.Even Father was deeply moved by the film.D. high与highlyhigh表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。如：The plane was flying high.I think highly of your opinion.E. wide与widelywide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地”,“在许多地方”。如：He opened the door wide.English is widely used in the world.F. free与freelyfree的意思是“免费的”；freely 的意思是“无限制地”。You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.You may speak freely; say what you like.5. 【2002北京】It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood _ to her mother. A. closeB. closelyC. closedD. closing6. Hold the book _ please, for I cant see the words in it clearly.A. more closerB. more closely C. closelyD. closer7. Although he was disabled when he was only ten years of age, yet he aimed _, for which his classmates spoke _ of him.A. high; highB. highly; highly C. highly; highD. high; highly考点6. 以-ly结尾的未必都是副词下列单词以-ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively生动活泼的 lonely孤独的、偏僻的lovely可爱的deadly致命的friendly友好的ugly丑陋的silly愚蠢的likely可能的brotherly兄弟般的 timely及时的等。I. 单句改错1. 【2014大纲卷】So really friendship should be able to stand all sorts of tests.2. 【2014新课标】The teachers here are kind and helpfully. 3. 【2015课标】Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.4. 【2013 四川】I found the test difficulty, but I tried hard to do it. 5. 【2006福建】We can hear birds singing happy all around. 6. 【2007上海】Setting off very early, we went along an extreme narrow road, all in high spirits.7. 【2013海南/新课标】Interesting, it had a connection with the British porcelain(瓷器) industry.8. 【2012浙江】Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car, and I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two weeks.9. 【2009重庆】The food in one area can be easy told from that in another. 10. 【2015课标】Mom said, “How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.”11. He was sitting in a corner, silently.II. 语法填空（每空至多填三词）12. 【2014陕西】 Men and Women must be treated _（equal）in education and employment. 13. 【2014新课标】The river was so polluted that it _ (actual) caught fire and burned.14. 【2014广东】When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was _（surprise）helpful.15. 【2013 陕西】The boy looked at his father _ (hope) because he thought his father had brought him a present.16. 【2012 陕西】The little girl walked _ (confident）onto the stage, ready for her first speech. 17. 【2011全国】Youll_（gradual）get better at itits just a question of practice. 18. 【2009陕西】China Daily is _（wide） read in North America. 19. 【2011福建】It helps people work _（close）and smoothly and think about others, not just themselves. 20. 【2010陕西】I have been _（deep）impressed by a number of experiences in her life. 21. 【2015课标】As _ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on m