新题(朱俊清).doc

（一）七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Passage 1 Reading is very important to help you learn English. 1 This book provides not only different kinds of English but also a good way to check you reading ability. There are four parts in the book: Part 1 is Messages:In this part somebody wants to send information in writing to somebody else. There is a test on timetables and a test on text messages. 2 :In this part all the tests are about people. 3 There is formal English in biography.There is a job application as a model to help with your writing,as well as testing your reading. Part 3 is Places:In this part,too. 4 There is the informal English of a holiday postcard.There is also the formal English in a letter of complaint. Part 4 is Things: 5 There are descriptions of clothes and of a computer. You can do these tests in any order you like,or you can do all the tests with a formal or informal text. I enjoyed writing this book and I hope you enjoy using it. A. To learn as much as you can from reading,you need to read different kinds of English.B. And reading can broaden your eyesight.C. Part 2 is People.D. Many different kinds of English are shown,some informal and some formal.E. For example,there is an informal letter between friends.F. There are more different kinds of books you can learn from.G. You will find some descriptive writing in this part.Key: ACEDG语篇解析：本文主要介绍一本提供不同种类英文阅读以及能检验读者阅读能力的书的四个部分：讯息、人物、地点和事物。1. 选A。上句提到想学好英文，阅读非常重要；而下句又提到将要介绍的这本书提供了不同种类的英文。所以推断此处应选A，想从阅读中尽可能学到更多的东西，就需要读不同种类的英文。这是承接上下文的一句话。2. 选C。从下句“这个部分所有的测试都是关于人”可推断，整个这一段都跟“人”有关，所以C选项恰当。3. 选E。从后文“There is.There is.”可知，这里是在举例说明。E选项刚好是举例，而且也是“there is ”句型，构成排比。4. 选D。前句提到“在这个部分也是一样”，即和其他部分一样都包含不同种类的英文，与D选项前半句符合。后两句又举出两个正式英语和非正式英语的例子，与D选项后半句符合。故选D。5. 选G。从后句可看出这个部分主要关于例如“衣服”、“电脑”等一类物品的“描述”，所以G选项最恰当。Passage2 Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. 1 In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion hadit that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. 2 Thus began a long time ago when even the rich in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. 3 Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out. 4 Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War . Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far? 5 Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist(免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground. A. So did the king of England in 1546. B. The rich and noble man lived an elegant life. C. Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. D. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. E. So how to get rid of dirt has been under heated discussion. F. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. G. Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Key: DAFCG语篇解析：本文主要介绍人们对是否应该清除身体上的污垢的不同看法。在十六世纪早期，人们认为人身上的污垢可以帮助抵御疾病的侵袭。在当代，有很多人认为从科学上来说，清除污垢才是有益于健康的，而一位免疫学家却鼓励孩子在脏的地方玩以此来增强免疫能力。1. 选D。前文说“在很多人看来，清除人体污垢是有益身体健康的”，而后文描述的是16世纪的人们却认为污垢可以帮助他们抵御疾病的侵袭。所以此处明显需要一个表转折关系的过渡句。故选D。2. 选A。前句提到“至1538年，法国国王已关闭了国家所有澡堂”，A选项“英国国王在1546年也如是做了”表示和前句主语做的一样的事情，所以A选项放在此处十分恰当。3. 选F。从前句可推断，下句就是举例介绍某位欧洲富人是如何和污垢友好相处的。后句“the king”表示特指，说明在此处一定提到了具体的哪个国王，所以应选F。4. 选C。上文都在介绍16世纪人们认为污垢可以抵御疾病的观点，而下文明显已开始阐述另一种观点，即“清洗掉污垢是有益健康的”。所以此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句。故C选项恰当。5. 选G。最后这一段并没有对是否应该清除人体污垢这个问题下结论，而是继续表示针对这一问题有两种不同的声音。所以可得知此处应选G，“现今对于污垢的态度仍有很大分歧。”Passage 3 Many of our problems come from within our own minds. They arent caused by events, bad luck, or other people. We cause them through our own poor mental habits. 1 Stop jumping to conclusions. 2 First, they assume that they know what is going to happen, so they stop paying attention and act on their assumption instead. Human beings are lousy fortune-tellers. 3 That makes the action wrong too. The second aspect of this habit is playing the mind-reader and assuming you know why people do what they do or what theyre thinking. Wrong again, big time. More relationships are destroyed by this particular kind of stupidity than by any other. 4 A huge proportion of those “oughts” and “shoulds” that you carry around are most likely needless. All that they do for you is make you feel nervous or guilty. Whats the point? When you use these imaginary rules on yourself, you clog your mind with petty restrictions and childish orders. And when you try to impose them on others, you make yourself into a bully, a boring nag, or a self-righteous bigot(顽固者). Dont hang on to the past. 5 The more you turn them over in your mind, the worse youll feel and the bigger theyll look. Dont try to fight misery. Let go and move on. Do that and youve removed just about all its power to hurt you. A. Making conclusion demands us paying much careful consideration. B. Most of what they assume is wrong. C. Maybe the past means a lot to you. D. Here are 3 habits you should set aside right away to free yourself from the many problems each one will be causing you. E. Dont invent rules. F. There are two common ways this habit increases peoples difficulties. G. Most of the anger, frustration, misery, and despair in this world come from people clinging to past hurts and problems.Key: DFBEG语篇解析：本文介绍人们面临的许多难题不是因为外界因素造成，而是人自身的不良心智习惯造成的，接着作者详细阐述人们需要改掉的三种主要不良心智习惯。1. 选D。上文作者提出人们面临的难题是由不良的心智习惯造成的，下文又分段介绍了三种需要摒弃的心智习惯。此处需要一个启下的总括句，故D项恰当。2. 选F。下文有“first”、“the second aspect”，内容又是讲这种不良心智问题给人们造成困境的两种途径。所以选F。3. 选B。前文讲“人类是差劲的占卜者”，后文讲“那造成你错误的行动”，所以可推断人类总是做错误的假设和推测。故选B。4. 选E。下句提到你给自己规定的那些所谓应该做的事情其实都是没有必要的。而且后面“When you use these imaginary rules on yourself, you clog your mind with petty restrictions and childish orders.”一句中又提到了“rules”。所以推断应选E。5. 选G。上句提到“不要纠结于过去”，所以此处选G。Passage 4 Are you truly happy? Do you ever know what it means to be happy and what it takes to achieve happiness? 1 The following are a few tips that I follow to create happiness in my life. Make a plan for attaining goals that you believe will make you happy. Your moods will very likely increase if you are going after something you value. Surround yourself with happy people. 2 On the contrary, if you are around people who are happy, their emotional state will be infectious. When something goes wrong, try to figure out a solution instead of being absorbed in self pity. 3 Because they know that with a little thought they can turn the circumstances back to their favor. Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that make you happy. These few minutes will give you the opportunity to focus on the positive things in your life and will lead you to continuous happiness. 4 Whether you treat yourself to lunch, take a long, relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance, you will be subconsciously putting yourself in a better mood. 5 Being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mood. A. These are important questions for anyone who is seeking happiness to ask themselves. B. Keeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness. C. The sense of happiness may differ among different people when facing the same matter. D. It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who think that way. E. Truly happy people dont allow setbacks to affect their mood. F. Keeping fit has been always a hot topic in society. G. Its also important to take some time each day to do something nice for yourself.Key: ADEGB语篇解析：本文主要介绍创造快乐的几种方法。1. 选A。从前文几个关于幸福的问题可知，此处选A。2. 选D。下文有转折词“On the contrary”，而且下文是讲如果身边的人快乐你也会被传染，所以此处应是与之相反的内容。故选D。3. 选E。从后文“because”引导的内容可知，后文提到的“they”是指开心乐观的人，不会让挫折影响他们情绪的人。故此处选E。4. 选G。从后文内容可知本段旨在建议人们花时间去做一些可以让自己开心的事情。故选G。5. 选B。从后句可知，本段讨论的焦点是饮食健康与否和人情绪变化的关系。故选B。Passage 5 1 Employers often decide to hire someone in the first three minutes of the interview. They judge you by your appearance, attitude and manners. 2 A smile shows a confident and positive attitude. When you introduce yourself, make eye contact with the interviewer. Some interviewers offer a handshake. Others dont. Try to be as natural as possible. 3 The way you sit, walk, gesture, use your voice and show feelings on your face is all part of your body language. It makes the interviewer know how you feel about yourself and the situation you are in. Are you feeling positively about yourself? Your abilities? Your interest in the job? Speak clearly and loudly enough. 4 When you speak, look at the interviewer. Also, dont say negative things about yourself, or former employer. Listen to questions carefully. If you dont understand a question, ask the interviewer to repeat or explain. Almost everyone is nervous in a job interview. Interviewers know that. 5 But they expect you to try to control your nervousness. They expect you to show confidence in your ability to do the jobl. At the end of the interview, thank the interviewer for her or his time. Its a good idea to send a short thank-you letter right after the interview, or deliver it by hand. Phone the company if you have not heard anything after one week. Ask if they have made a decision about the job. Good luck!A. But careful attention should be paid to your body language. B. They dont expect you to be totally calm and relaxed. C. Show interest and enthusiasm in your voice. D. The impression you make at the beginning of an interview is very important.E. A friendly smile when you walk into the room is important. F. People who often smile live a healthier life.G. You should find out the proper way to deal with your nervousness.Key: DEACB 语篇解析：本文主要介绍在面试中应该注意的问题。1. 选D。从后句“招聘者通常在面试的前三分钟就决定了是否雇佣一个人”可知，前句应是谈论面试开始时应聘者给考官留下的印象的重要性。故选D。2. 选E。从后句可知本段谈论的是微笑在面试中的重要性，所以此处选E。3. 选A。前句说行为要尽量自然，后文又建议注意多种肢体语言，所以此处应该是一个引出下文的转折句。故选A。4. 选C。前句提到说话要清晰而且要足够大声，后面理应阐述这么做的目的。所以C选项“要让你的声音体现出你对应聘职位的兴趣和热情”符合上下文的意思。5. 选B。前文提到招聘者理解应聘者面试时会紧张，后文又转折说“但是他们期望你做到.”，说明此处应是招聘者因为理解你所以不期望你会完全不紧张，故B项恰当。（二）短文填词 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Passage 1 As soon as I walked outside,I 1 (greet)with the shimmering white blanket of cold. 2 the chill overwhelming my skin, inside I was warm. I felt as though I could be giving off heat; I had the desire to stay out in this freeze for hours. It was the type of day 3 speaks to you through its elements; I took a deep breath to hear more snow was coming. As I walked I looked up,trying to realize 4 made this day so beautiful,so serene. It was as if time 5 (put)temporarily on hold and I along with it. Or maybe I was the only one unpausedEither way,the solitude was comforting,and I sensed myself floating away. I sat down on the edge of a curb and listened. All there was to hear was the wind 6 (rush)over the top of my head and circling some old, cracking leaves some yards 7 .To me it was the 8 (reassure)sound of nature, trying not to be forgotten. It did start to snow. None of those little flurries, but big, fat flakes which clung immediately 9 their surface. Then it was time to go and my 10 (幻想）had to end. As I began walking again, I drifted back into this time frame,calm and cleared. Now if only I could remember where I was going.Key: was greeted, Despite, that, what, had been put, rushing, away, reassuring, to, reveriePassage 2 Some herbs and spices may be gaining importance in modern medicine. They help to 1 (sharp) the taste of many foods. Others are chosen for their smell. Still others were used traditionally for health reasons. Researchers from Purdue University reported about the effects of red pepper in the journal Physiology. They found that small changes in diet, like adding the pepper, may reduce the desire to eat. The spice turmeric comes from a tropical plant common to India. Research 2 _(involve)turmeric is not new. Scientists 3 (study) its medical possibilities for many years. For example, researchers in Singapore completed one such study several years ago. The study 4 (base) on earlier evidence 5 turmeric has strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities. These qualities can help protect 6 damage to the bodys tissues and other injuries. The researchers said turmeric may reduce evidence of damage in the brains of patients 7 Alzheimers disease. For this reason, the researchers designed a study that examined results from a mental-performance test of older Asian adults. The study involved curry, which contains turmeric. The adults were sixty to ninety-three years old. None had severe memory losses. Those who sometimes ate curry did better on the tests 8 individuals who_ 9 (极少)or never ate curry. This was also true of those 10 ate it often or very often.Key: sharpen, involving, have been studying, was based , that, against, with, than，rarely, whoPassage 3 Three passions, simple 1 overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the 2 (渴望)for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable 3 (同情)for the suffering of mankind. I have sought love, first, 4 it brings ecstasy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves the terrible loneliness. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is 5 I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what-at last-I have found. With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved. Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always it brought me 6 to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate(回响) in my heart. Children in famine, victims 7 (torture) by oppressors, helpless old people a hated 8 (负担) to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer. This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again 9 the chance 10 (offer) me. Key: but，longing，pity，because，what，back, tortured, burden, were offeredPassage 4 1 (sit) on the peaceful coast of Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, watching the sun move quietly into the sea, you shouldnt forget that Charles Darwin arrived here in 1835. He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals. This finally 2 (启发)his famous work, On the Origin of Species. You can certainly follow Darwins footsteps and enjoy a trip to the islands. The islands are certainly a paradise for wildlife, 3 there are no natural killers on the island and the number of boats and visitors 4 (be) under government control. Though you cant walk freely 5 Darwin did about 200 years ago, each day is as 6 (impressively) as it could be. The most well-known animal of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise(巨型海龟). 7 can be seen 8 (move) slowly around the highlands of Santa Cruz, the second 9 (large) island in the archipelago(群岛). Despite strict control over activities and timing, your stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures: diving with sea lions 10 _swim and play within inches of you; feeling small sharks touch your feet as you swim; and most magically, seeing a whale and her baby surface with a great breath of air. Key: Sitting, inspired,because, is, as, impressive, it, to move, largest, thatPassage 5 I found out one time that doing a favor 1 someone could get you into lots of trouble. When I was having a test in my eighth grade, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didnt understand. 2 I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me 3 had an extra pen.She showed me that 4 (she) was out of ink. I took an extra one and put it on her desk. Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students 5 (解散). She began to talk to me about how important it was to be responsible for your own acts. She talked about honesty and 6 （强调）the fact that when people do something 7 (dishonesty), they are really cheating themselves. I was completely at a loss, wondering 8 she talked to me about all those things. Later on, I found out she thought I 9 (cheat) on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl, it looked as if I was copying answers from the girls test paper. 10 I tried to explain that I w