2014年新人教版八年级下导学案U.doc

(配套学案P6)(对应学生用书第13页)一、重点短语1.do the dishes 洗餐具2.take out the rubbish倒垃圾 3.sweep the floor 扫地 4.fold the clothes 叠衣服二、重点句型1. you sweep the floor? (1c,你可以扫地吗?)2. clean the living room? (1c,我要打扫客厅。)3.I some work. (2a,我必须干一些活。)答案:1.Could;please 2.Im going to 3.have to do(对应学生用书第13页)探究一 辨析do与makeCan you do the dishes?你能洗餐具吗?(P17)备选例句:1.Linda doesnt like pears.琳达不喜欢梨。2.Mother often makes breakfast for us.妈妈经常为我们做早饭。3.Girls like doing the shopping when theyre free.有空时,女孩们喜欢购物。do和make的不同用法:1.do可作助动词,与别的动词一起构成谓语,表示时态、语态、语气等。2.do可与表示非实质性的事连用和词尾是-ing的动作名词连用,如:do my homework(做我的家庭作业),do the shopping(购物),do some reading(读书)等。3.make vt.意为“做、制造”“整理”“冲、泡(饮料)”。如:make your bed(铺床),make breakfast(做早餐),make tea(泡茶,沏茶)等。【即学即练】1.My father went to Beijing yesterday.(改为一般疑问句) your father to Beijing yesterday? 2.I often help (do) the dishes. 3.姥姥经常给我包水饺。My grandma often dumplings me. 答案:1.Did;go 2.to do 3.makes;for探究二 辨析have to与mustYou have to clean your room.你必须打扫你的房间。(P18)备选例句:1.I must clean the room because its too dirty.因为太脏了,我必须打扫房间。2.I have to do my homework now.我现在不得不做作业。3.We dont have to go to school on Sundays.星期天我们不必上学。have to和must的不同用法:have tomust定义意为“不得不干某事”,多表示客观存在的环境所限。意为“必须”,多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使有必要或有义务做某事。时态有时态变化无时态变化否定dont have tomustnt意为“不应该,不可以,禁止”,回答时要用neednt或dont have to 意为“不必”。【即学即练】1.我必须现在洗餐具吗? I the dishes now? 不,你不必。你可以先休息一下。No, .You can have a rest first. 2.明天我得去上学了。I shall go to school tomorrow. 3.你不可以在这里吸烟。You smoke here. 答案:1.Must;do;you neednt 2.have to 3.mustnt (对应学生用书第13页)根据所给汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。1.我要打扫起居室。Im going to . 2.我可以用你的电脑吗?Could I ? 3.首先你必须打扫你的房间。First you clean your room. 4.我想看两个小时的电视对你足够了。I think two hours of watching TV is you. 5.但是房子已经非常干净整洁了。But the house is already pretty . 答案:1.clean the living room 2.use your computer3.have to 4.enough for 5.clean and tidy(对应学生用书第77页)【基础达标】.根据首字母或汉语提示写单词1.Its too dirty here. Can you s the floor? 2.We m the bed just half an hour ago. 3.C you answer the question in Japanese? 4.Ill clean up the (脏乱的东西) myself. 5.The (地板) of the room is quite dirty. 答案:1.sweep 2.made 3.Could 4.mess 5.floor.单项选择6.Beckham was a popular soccer . A.singer B.actor C.player D.doctor7.Could I please ? Sorry,you cant.Your father has to use it.A.use the car B.go to the moviesC.do chores D.go to school8.How was the movie?It was .I dont like it. A.funny B.good C.well D.boring9.Do you like to your bed? No,I hate to the chores. A.do;doB.do;makeC.make;doD.make;make10.I my aunt in Australia this winter vacation. A.visit B.am going to visitC.visitedD.was going to visit答案:6.C 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.B.完成句子11.你能把垃圾拿出去吗? you the rubbish? 12.当我度假时请问你能照顾我的猫吗?Could you please my cat when I am on vacation? 13.我喜欢做饭因为它很有意思。I because its very interesting. 14.你能帮我打扫起居室吗? Could you me the living room? 15.我喜欢洗车,但不喜欢散步。I like the car,but I dont like to for a walk. 答案:11.Could;take out 12.look after 13.like cooking 14.help;clean 15.washing;go.句型转换16.Could you help me clean the living room?(作肯定回答) , .Im coming. 17.Close the door.(改为否定句) the door. 18.He needs some help.(改为一般疑问句) he need help? 19.I like to wash the plates because its relaxing.(对画线部分提问) you to wash the plates? 20.He has to clean the room.(改为否定句)He to clean the room. 答案:16.Yes;sure 17.Dont close 18.Does;any 19.Why do;like 20.doesnt have【能力提升】.补全对话A:Could I ask my friends to my birthday party on Saturday,Mom?B:Of course!21. A:Yeah,Um.22. B:What for?A:23. B:Well,I am shopping tomorrow.And I can buy some drinks and snacks for you.A:Oh,good.Thank you,Mom.B:Youre welcome.Oh,could you clean your room? A:24. B:You need to clean it again for your party.A:OK,but I need to do my homework first.B:Thats right.After you finish your homework,lets clean the room.I can sweep the floor and do the dishes.A:25. B:Yes,sure.A.I cleaned it last week.B.Could I borrow some money?C.That sounds like fun.D.I need to buy some drinks and snacks.E.Could I take out the rubbish?答案:21.C 22.B 23.D 24.A 25.E(对应学生用书第14页)一、重点短语1.be angry with 生某人的气2.come over过来3.all the time一直4.all day整天 5.in surprise惊讶地 6.as soon as一就 二、重点句型1.Im just tired you are! (3a,我恰恰和你一样累!)2. us did any housework for a week. (3b,我们两个人一周都没有做家务。)3.I it last night. (4a,我昨晚读完了它。)答案:1.as;as 2.Neither of 3.finished reading(对应学生用书第14页)探究一 辨析borrow,lend与keepCould I borrow that book?我能借那本书吗?(P20)备选例句:1.I often borrow some storybooks from my teacher.我经常从老师那里借故事书。2.Can you lend your new bike to me?你能把你的新自行车借给我吗?3.How long can I keep your computer?我可以借用你的电脑多长时间?borrow,lend与keep的区别:1.borrow指“借入”,从别人那里借来,其反义词为lend(借出),常与from连用,构成borrow sth.from sb.向某人借某物。2.lend常指借出,借给别人,常与to搭配,构成lend sb.sth.=lend sth. to sb.把借给某人。3.keep 用于表示借用时间的长短,可以和表示时间段的时间状语及how long等连用。而borrow 和lend是终止性动词,不能表达“借了多长时间”。【即学即练】1.你可以向你哥哥借些钱。You can some money your brother. 2.你能借给我你的汽车吗?Can you me your car? 3.这本书我可以借多长时间?How long may I the book? 答案:1.borrow;from 2.lend 3.keep探究二 hate vt. 厌恶;讨厌I hate some chores too.我也讨厌一些杂务。(P20)备选例句:1.My cat hates dogs.我的猫讨厌狗。2.I hate to swim today.今天我讨厌游泳。3.I hate washing dishes.我不喜欢洗盘子。hate的用法:1.hate +名词/代词,意为“讨厌某人/某事”。2.hate可接动词不定式或动名词,即构成hate to do sth.或hate doing sth.,意为“厌恶做某事”,to do更多表示具体的一次性的动作,而doing更多表示习惯性、经常性的一般的动作。【即学即练】1.I hate some chores,but I like to my bed. A.making;make B.to do;doC.doing;make D.do;make2.She hates (go) to school late. 3.Mr.Zhang hates (trouble) others. 答案:1.C 2.going 3.to trouble(对应学生用书第14页)根据所给汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。1.我一坐在电视前面,妈妈就走了过来。 I sat down in front of the TV,my mom came over. 2.我可以先看完一个节目吗?Could I watch one show ? 3.我和她一样累。Im just tired she is. 4.整整一周,她没有做任何家务,我也没做。For one week,she did not do any housework and . 5.你能把盐递给我吗?Could you please the salt? 答案:1.The minute 2.first 3.as;as 4.neither did I 5.pass me(对应学生用书第78页)【基础达标】.用所给词的适当形式填空1.David hates anyone (listen) when hes telephoning. 2.Marys mother often cleans the (live) room in the morning. 3.I think drinking milk is good for our (healthy). 4.I always help my parents (do) the chores. 5.Could you please (open) the door,Nick? 答案:1.listening 2.living 3.health 4.do 5.open.单项选择6.Could I get a ride next morning? . A.Sorry,you cant B.Yes,of course C.Yes,sure D.A,B or C7.Its very hot outside.You to wear your sweater out. A.neednt B.doesnt needC.dont have D.havent8.He run as fast as Liu Xiang before he hurt his left leg. A.can B.could C.cant D.couldnt9.Could you please the window? There are too many mosquitoes(蚊子) outside. A.not open B.to open C.not to open D.open10.What did you do? I hung out with my friend and took some photos.A.more B.other C.else D.any答案:6.D 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.C.完成句子11.他的爸爸经常早晨带他去散步。 His father often him in the morning. 12.不要生那个小孩子的气。Dont that small kid. 13.Mary 吃惊地看着那辆汽车。Mary looked at the car . 14.我渴死了,请给我点喝的。Im too thirsty.Please give me . 15.我妈妈不喜欢和我爸爸去闲逛。My mother doesnt like my father. 答案:11.takes;for a walk 12.be angry with 13.in surprise 14.something to drink 15.hanging out with.句型转换16.Can you lend your pen to me? (改为同义句)Can your pen? 17.He needs to eat lunch.(改为一般疑问句) he to eat lunch? 18.Jim has to help his mother do the housework.(改为否定句)Jim to help his mother do the housework. 19.You neednt worry about it.(改为同义句)You worry about it. 20.He cant carry the heavy box.I cant carry the heavy box,either.(合并为一句) he I can carry the heavy box. 答案:16.I borrow 17.Does;need 18.doesnt have19.dont have to 20.Neither;nor【能力提升】.任务型阅读A woman drives to work every day.She usually parks her car in the street outside her office.One day after work,she got into her car and started driving home.(21)S ,she found a yellow car following her.The driver was a big man. When she turned left,the yellow car turned left. When she turned right,the yellow car turned right. When she stopped (22) 在红绿灯处,the yellow car stopped behind. (23)She was so afraid that she drove very quickly to the police station. She was very surprised to see that the yellow car also stopped behind her car. (24)She jumped out of the car quickly and ran to a policeman with police uniform. She asked for help and told everything to the policeman. The policeman quickly ran to the yellow car. Just then the driver in the yellow car came out and said to the policeman,“I want to give back this purse to her. I think she dropped it on the street .”The woman s face turned red. She thanked the big man and the policeman.21.根据(21)处所给首字母,填上适合的单词: 22.将(22)处画线词组译成英语。 23.将(23)处画线的句子译成中文。 24.找出(24)处画线部分的错误并改正。 25.What did the driver in the yellow car want to do? 答案:21.Suddenly22.at the traffic lights23.她很害怕,开车飞快地向警察局驶去。 24.She jumped out of the car quickly and ran to a policeman in police uniform.25.He wanted to give back the purse to the woman.(对应学生用书第15页)一、重点短语1.buy some drinks and snacks 买一些饮料和点心2.borrow some money 借一些钱3.clean your room 打扫你的房间4.go to the store 去商店5.use your CD player用你的CD唱片机二、重点句型1.Could I my friends a party? (1b,我能邀请我的朋友来参加聚会吗?)2.You have a party. (1b,你不能举办聚会。)3.What they to do? (1d,他们将会干什么?)答案:1.invite;to 2.cant 3.are;going(对应学生用书第15页)探究一 invite vt. 邀请Could I invite my friends to a party?我能邀请我的朋友来参加聚会吗?(P21)备选例句:1.Thanks for your invitation.谢谢你的邀请。2.They invited me to join their club.他们邀请我参加他们的俱乐部。3.His aunt invites his family to her house every Sunday.每个星期日他姑姑都邀请他全家去她家。invite的用法:1.invite用作及物动词,意为“邀请,恳请”。 invite sb. 意为“邀请某人”,名词形式为invitation,意为“邀请,邀请书”。2.invite sb. to do sth. 意为“邀请某人做某事”。3.invite sb. to some place意为“邀请某人到某处”。【即学即练】1.杰克邀你去他的聚会了吗?Did Jack you his party? 2.这是你的请柬。Here is . 3.今天,我请你们来一起看电影。Today I you a film. 答案:1.invite;to 2.your invitation 3.invite;to see探究二 take out 拿出,取出Could you please take out the rubbish?你可以把垃圾拿出去吗?(P21)备选例句:1.He opened his schoolbag and took out a notebook.他打开书包,拿出了一个笔记本。2.The T-shirt is so dirty. Please take it off and take it out.这件T-恤衫那么脏,脱下来拿出去吧。3.He took his book out of his bag.他从书包里把书拿出来。take out的用法:1.take out“拿出,取出,拔出”,为“动词+副词”结构,后面可接宾语,如果宾语为名词,可放在out的后面,若是代词的宾格,只能在out前面。2.take.out of 意为“把从里面拿出来”,take后面是要拿出的东西,of后面是从什么里面往外拿。【即学即练】1.The apple is in the box,you can . A.take out it B.take it outC.take out them D.take them out2.Uncle Reichel took out to lunch yesterday. A.me B.IC.we D.my3.请拿出您的订货单。Please your order list. 答案:1.B 2.A 3.take out(对应学生用书第15页)根据所给汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。1.你可以把垃圾拿出去吗?好的。 you please the rubbish? Yes, . 2.你能打扫你的房间吗?Could you ? 3.你不能举办聚会。You cant . 4.你在星期一有一场考试。You on Monday. 5.他们将会干什么?What they do? 答案:1.Could;take out;sure 2.clean your room 3.have a party 4.have a test 5.are;going to(对应学生用书第79页)【基础达标】.根据首字母或汉语提示写单词1.I have to buy some s for lunch when I am busy. 2.Jim i me to dinner and we had a good time yesterday. 3.Could I b your bike? Yes,you can. Here is the key.4.Dont forget to take out the (垃圾) when you go out. 5.Mary (折叠)the letter in half and put it into her pocket. 答案:1.snacks 2.invited 3.borrow 4.rubbish 5.folded.单项选择6.Could you please do the dishes? . I have to do homework first. A.Yes,I do B.Yes,I can C.Sorry,I cant D.Sorry,I am not7.Could you help me the room? A.cleaning B.clean C.cleans D.cleaned8.Could you please your clothes? Certainly,mom.A.wash B.make C.to fold D.do9.Im sorry I to close the window when I left. A.remembered B.wanted C.helped D.forgot10.Lucy is coming to my home this evening. Ill give her to eat. A.anything delicious B.delicious anythingC.something delicious D.delicious something 答案:6.C 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.C.用所给词的适当形式填空11.Could I (use) your car? 12.Thanks a lot for your (invite). 13.The father shouted at his son (angry). 14.Its too late.I have to (go) to work by taxi. 15.This isnt my bike,and (I) is over there. 答案:11.use 12.invitation 13.angrily 14.go 15.mine.句型转换16.Last month his aunt lent some money to him.(改为同义句)Last month he some money his aunt. 17.I dont like doing the dishes.(改为同义句)I the dishes. 18.Could you please fold your clothes?(改为祈使句) ,please. 19.Sun Ning sweeps the floor every day.(改为否定句) Sun Ning the floor every day. 20.Tom is 1.88 m tall and Lucy is also 1.88 m tall.(改为同义句)Tom is Lucy. 答案:16.borrowed;from 17.hate doing 18.Fold your clothes 19.doesnt sweep 20.as tall as【能力提升】.阅读理解One year ago Bertha and Grace became close friends at a college in Dartmouth.One day,Bertha said that her aunt Margaret had invited her to spend the summer holiday with her. And they would have picnics and parties as well. But Grace told Bertha that she planned to stay in Clarkmans bookstore until the new term began.Grace had to do something to feed herself because her parents died many years ago. Bertha watched her friends pale face. Just then she got a good idea. The next day when Grace came back,Bertha showed her an invitation letter from her aunt Margaret.“Grace,would you like to spend your holiday with us? I will help you find a part-time job in our town.” Grace cried after reading it.“Grace,please spend the holiday with me,or Margaret will be disappointed (失望的). I want you to be happy,” Bertha said.The holiday quickly passed by,and finally one letter from Margaret came to Bertha.“Bertha,Grace is the sweetest girl in the world,and I am very grateful to you for sending her here.”21.Grace planned to for her summer holiday. A.visit her aunt B.see her parents C.stay in Clarkmans bookstore D.work in a restaurant22.Margaret was Berthas according to the passage. A.aunt B.grandmotherC.mother D.teacher23.Grace got from Margaret the next day. A.a book B.an invitation letter C.some money D.a part-time job24.Its clear that . A.Bertha went to work in Clarkmans bookstore at last.B.Grace wrote a letter to thank Bertha after the holidayC.Bertha felt sorry for inviting Grace to spend holiday with her.D.Grace went to Margarets house with Bertha.25.From the passage,we know that Bertha was . A.honest B.brave C.kind D.poor 答案:21.C 22.A 23.B 24.D 25.C(对应学生用书第16页)一、重点短语1.in order to 目的是;为了2.get good grades 取得好成绩3.depend on 依靠;信赖4.as a result 结果;因此5.a waste of time 浪费时间 6.agree with 同意 二、重点句型1. the parents a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. (2b,在家里为孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的职责。)2.I think not so difficult. (2b,我认为做家务不是那么困难。)3. kids learn to be independent, it is for their future. (2b,孩子们越早学会独立,对他们的将来就越好。)答案:1.It is;job to provide 2.doing chores is 3.The earlier;the better(对应学生用书第16页)探究一 in order to 目的是;为了They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades.为了取得好成绩,他们应该把时间花在学业上。(P22)备选例句:1.He got up early in order to get to school on time.他早起是为了按时到校。2.In order not to wake the baby up,we came in quietly.为了不吵醒孩子,我们悄悄地进来。3.I gave up all my free time in order that I could finish my homework.我放弃了所有的空闲时间为的是能够完成作业。in order to的用法:1.in order to后接动词原形,一般用在句首、句末,作目的状语。其同义短语为so as to ,但只能用于句末。2.in order to的否定形式为in order not to,意为“为了不”。3.in order that“为了”,后接从句,作目的状语。【即学即练】1.We took a taxi in order (get) home early. 2.他跑得很快,为的是上课不迟到。He ran quickly be late for class. 3.I got up early in the morning in order to catch the first bus.(改为同义句)I got up early in the morning I could catch the first bus. 答案:1.to get 2.in order not to 3.in order that探究二 Its +形容词+to do sth.做某事是的Its not enough to just get good grades at school.仅仅在学校里取得好成绩是不够的。(P22)备选例句:1.In some places,it isnt polite to look at people when you talk.在一些地方,当你说话时看着对方是不礼貌的。2.Its difficult for us to finish the work.对我们来说,完成这项工作很难。3.Its very kind of you to help me.你能帮我,真好。Its+形容词+to do sth.的用法:1.在英语中,如果作主语的动词不定式太长,为了避免头重脚轻,一般用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末。2.当不定式需要带上自己的逻辑主语时,须用介词for / of,即for / of sb. to do sth,其基本句型为:It is + 形容词+ for sb.+to do sth.该句型中,形容词只对不定式作某种描述。这类形容词有:difficult,hard,easy,important,dangerous,possible等。It is+ 形容词+of sb.+ to do sth.=Sb.+ be+形容词+to do sth.该句型中,形容词用来描述不定式行为者的性格、品行等,形容词多为brave,clever,polite,wrong,kind,good,nice等。【即学即练】1.做这件事对我来说很简单。Its easy to do this. 2.她那么说真傻。Its foolish her say that. 3.搬动这么重的箱子是不可能的。Its impossible such a heavy box. 答案:1.for me 2.of;to 3.to carry探究三 the+比较级,the+比较级越,就越The earlier kids learn to b