2014八年级英语下册第十单元基础知识及练习题（人教版）.doc

2014八年级英语下册第十单元基础知识及练习题（人教版） Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.重点词汇1. yard 院子2. sweet 天的3. cent 分4. toy 玩具5. bear 熊6. maker 生产者7. scarf 围巾8. soft 软的9. board 木板10. check 检查11. railway 铁路12. certain 某种，某人13. honest 诚实的14. truthful 真实的15. hometown 家乡16. search 搜查17. among 在(其中)；.之一18. shame 羞耻19. regard 将.认为20. count 数数21. century 百年22. opposite 对面的 23. especially 尤其24. memory 记忆25. consider 注视26. hold 拥有；抓住重点短语1.these days 目前;现在2.regard with great interest 以极大的兴趣关注着3.in order to 为了4.so far 迄今;到现在为止5.in need 需要6.not. anymore 不再7.welcome to sp_ 欢迎来到 :8.check out 察看;观察9.board games 棋类游戏10.one last thing 最后一样东西11.junior high school 初 级 中 学 12.clear out 清理13.no longer 不再;不复14.toy monkey 玩具猴15.part with 与分开16.to be honest 说实在的17.ride a bike 骑自行车18.have a yard sale 进行庭院拍卖会19.ones old things 某人的旧东西20.bring back sweet memories 勾起甜美的回忆21.give away 捐赠22.play for a while 玩一会儿23.do with. 处置;处理24.search for work 找工作25.for the last 13 years 在过去的13年里26.the mid-20th century 20世纪中期27.stay the same 保持原状28.according to 依据;按照29.in ones opinion 依看30.in my time 在我那个年代重点句型1. Ive had it for three years. 我买它三年了。2. How long has his son owned the train and railway set? 他儿子拥有轨道火车多长时间了？3. Hes owned it since his fourth birthday. 自从他四岁生日时，他就已经拥有他了。1. How long have you. ?How long have you had that bike over there? 那边的那辆自行车你买了多久了？ 2. sb. has/have done sth. for. Amy has had her favorite book for three years.艾米拥有她最喜欢的书3 年了。3. sb. has/have done sth. since.Hes owned it since his fourth birthday.自他4 岁生日起，他拥有这个东西了。4. Some Others.Some people still live in their hometown. How-ever, others may only see it once or twice a year. 有些人仍然住在家乡。然而，另一些人可能一年只能回家乡一两次。5. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest，I have not played for a while now.至于我，我不想放弃我的足球衣。但是，说实在 的，我现在巳经有一段时间没有踢(足球)了。6. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?你是否曾经想过要举办一个庭院拍卖会来出售东西？7. What would you do with the money you raise? 你会怎么处理你所筹集到的钱？ 语法难点现在完成时常与“for+时间段”或“since+时间点”连用。1. for 作介词，后接时间段，表示“某个动作持续了多久。Eg：Ive been here for just over two years. 我来到这儿刚好两年多了。2. since 可作介词，后接时间点，也可用作连词，后接从句，表示某个动作或情况从过去某一时间点一直持续到现在，从句用一般过去时。Eg：Hes been here since two years ago. 他两年来一直住在这儿。注意：for 和since引导的时间状语不能与终止性动词的肯定式连用，但可和其否定式连用。Eg：Mr Smith hasnt come to China for three years. 史密斯先生三年没来中国了。I havent seen him since I came back. 自从我回来就没见过他。针对性训练：用for 或since填空1. She has been ill _ more than to two weeks.2. I havent met him _ a long time.3. Mary has been here _ eight oclock this morning.4. It hasnt rained _ two months ago.5. They have been my friends _I was a child.高频考点1. check out意为”价差；审查”，为动副结构，是及物动词短语。Youd better check out your engine. 你最好检查一下你的发动机。拓展：check out 还可为不及物动词短语，意为“结账离开”。Eg：他十分钟前付清费用离开了。注意：check out 也有“检查，核对”之意，但是强调查明真相，核对事实。在美式英语中常用check upon。2. So weve been clearing out a lot of things from our bedrooms for a yard sale.这是一个现在完成进行时的句子。现在完成进行时通常要和时间段连用，表示在某段时间内，某动作一直在进行，结构为“have/has been+v-ing +时间段”。Eg：The workers have been working for three hours. 这些工人已经工作3个小时了。注意：如果对时间段提问，疑问短语用how long。如对上面例句中的for短语进行提问：How long have the workers been working? 这些工人工作多长时间了？clear out 意为“清理，收拾干净，清除掉”。Eg: I decided to clear out all the old shoes that we never wear. 我已经决定把我们从来不穿的旧鞋统统加以清除。思考：你知道clear out与clean out 的用法区别吗？clear out与clean out这两个短语都有“使.干净”的意思，但实际意思是不同的，前者意为“使.被清除掉，使.空出来”。而clean out则是“使.清洁”之意。Eg：Ill clear out that closet and then you can hang your clothes in there. 我会把衣橱腾出来，你就可以放衣服了。 Be sure to clean out the kitchen when you finish cooking. 做晚饭时，一定要把厨房收拾干净。3. part with 意为 “舍弃，放弃(对.的占有)；卖掉(东西)”。Eg：He was very sorry to part with his favorite horses. 他卖掉他最喜欢的几匹马，心里很难过。思考：你知道part from与part with的用法区别吗？part from 的意思是“分开，离开”，多用于人；part with=give up，是“卖掉，放弃，断绝关系，跟.分开”的意思，主要用于物，间或也可用于人。part from 作“分手，分开”讲时，是瞬间动词，不能表示“持久”的意思，from后接表示人的名词活代词。Eg：I often part from my parents after breakfast. 我常在早饭后与父母分手。Tom has parted with Jane. 汤姆已和詹妮分手。4. as for 是一个固定短语，意为“至于.；关于.”往往用于说话时提及的另一个人或事，活实物的另一个方面，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。Eg：As for that computer. Im not telling you anything. 至于说哪台电脑，我什么都不会告诉你。5. to be honest意为“老实说；说实在的”，相当于to tell you the truth或honestly speaking, 常在句中作插入语。Eg：To be honest, I have little money. 老实说，我几乎没有钱。6. do with意为“处理”，常与what连用，表示询问。Eg：What are you going to do with your old clothes? 你打算怎么处理你的旧衣服？拓展：deal with意为“解决，应付，处理”，期中deal为动词，过去式为dealt，with为介词，后面常接trouble，problem等词。deal with多与how 连用，表示询问。Eg：How did you deal with your book?7. the same as 意为“和.一样”短语中的as是介词，用于比较，后接名词、代词或动名词。Eg：This basket is the same as that one. 这个链子和那个一样。8. How often do you think these people visit their hometowns?do you think 为插入语，只是对一句话作一些附加的解释，与句子的其他成分并无语法上的关系。若去掉do you think，句子任然完整，语序不变。Eg：Which of these do yu think the best? 你认为这些之中哪一个是最好的？9. “I noticed thats true of my hometown,” adds Zhong Wei. add为及物动词，在本句中意为“补充说，又说”Eg：She added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all. 她又说，和朋友们进行交流毫无帮助。10. so far =up to/until now，意为“迄今为止；到目前为止”，该短语常用语句首或句末，在句中作状语，句子常用现在完成时，也可以用一般时，表示范围、程度或距离。Eg：It rains every day so far this month. 直到现在这个月每天都在下雨。引领人生A hero is known in the time of misfortune.时势造英雄。实战模拟Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.1. Jane！Please_ your drawer. Its very dirty. A. make out B. go out C. clean out D. get out2. _ I havent had any success. A. So long B. So far C. Before long D. By then3. _ do you guess will be the first ten top students in English in your school next term? A. Who B. Whom C. which D. What4. He tried to _ his father, but in wain. A. search for B. search out C. search off D. search after5. _ homework, most students do homework every day. A. As to B. Thanks to C. Such as D. As for6. Julie，what_ in your hand? Look! Its a new iPad for my daughter. A. do you hold B. are you holding C. were you holding D. will you hold7. Peter is _ honest boy and _ good friend of mine. A. a, the B. the, an C. a, an D. an, a8. Your bike looks nice. Is it new? No, I _it for two months. A. have had B. had bought C. have D. would buy9. How long _you _stamps? Since two years ago. A. have, collected B. did, collect C. have, been collecting D. are, collecting10. How long has Eliza been a nurse?_. A. Since 2002 B. Four years ago C. In 2002 D. Since four years二、完形填空。Its easier to go downhill than to climb uphill, so its easier to fall into bad habits than into good_1_. Bad habits do not come_2_. They come little by little, so you dont know their _3_. Schoolboys first pick up little bad habits at_4_ and on the streets. When they cannot do their homework, they copy from their_5_. If they see bigger boys smoking, they 6 want to learn to smoke. If they see their friends gambling(赌博), they want to gamble. When they get7 , the habits become stronger and stronger. Then they can no longer give them up. From copying, they learn to 8 ; from gambling, they learn to cheat(欺骗). _9_no one believes in them. How_10_it is that we stop the bad habits at the beginning!( ) 1.A. one B. ones C. other D. others( ) 2.A. slowly B. usually C. exactly D. suddenly( ) 3.A. danger B. idea C. plan D. hope( ) 4.A. work B. school C. home D. night( ) 5.A. parents B. teachers C. classmates D. students( ) 6.A. still B. too C. also D. yet ( ) 7.A. thinner B. fatter C. older D. younger( ) 8.A. read B. give C. write D. steal( ) 9. A. At last B. At first C. At least D. At most( ) 10.A. silly B. important C. difficult D. easy三、阅读理解。ACityHighLowWeatherBeijing9-4SnowyChangchun-9-18WindyChangsha156CloudyChongqing139CloudyFuzhou2114SunnyGuilin187RainyHaikou2217SunnyLhasa10-5Sunny( ) 1.Lucy wants to make snowmen. Where should she go?A. Beijing B. Lhasa C. Chongqing D. Changsha( ) 2.Jim takes an umbrella with him today. He must be in_.A. Changsha B. Guilin C. Fuzhou D. Chongqing( ) 3.Which city is the warmest? A. Beijing B. Changchun C. Haikou D. Lhasa( ) 4.How many cities temperature stay above zero?A.7 B.3 C.5 D.1( ) 5.The coldest city is_.A. Beijing B. Changchun C. Lhasa D. ChongqingB.Last Sunday I saw the worst storm. It came suddenly and went on for more than three hours.After lunch, I went into my room to have a rest. The air was hot, and everything was quiet. The strong wind started blowing into my room suddenly. Pieces of paper on my desk flew high into the air and some flew out of the open window. As I ran out to catch them, big drops of rain began to fall. When I came back into the house, it was raining harder and harder. I tried very hard to close the window. Then I heard a loud crashing(碰撞的) sound from the back of the house. I ran out of my room to find out what it was a big tree fell down and broke the top of the back room.( ) 1. The storm happened_.A. in the morning B. in the afternoon C. while I was in the back room D. while I was in the garden( ) 2. Before the storm came, the weather was_.A. cold B. cool C. hot D. warm( )3. The storm went on for_.A. over three hours B. three hours C. less than three hours D. two hours( ) 4. The wind blew some of the paper_.A. all over the floor B. out of the door C. into the back room D. out of the open window( ) 5. The top of the back room was broken because of_.A. the hot air B. the crashing sound C. the rain D. the falling treeCLucy and Lily had a good time last Sunday. They got up very early. After breakfast they went to a park. In the park, they saw a lot of flowers. Lucy wanted to pick one of them. But Lily stopped her. Then they went to the river. By the river they found a small boat. They got into（进入）the boat and started boating on the river. Two hours later, they left the boat and began to climb the hill near the river. They reached （到达）the top（頂部）at half past eleven. There they had their lunch. What did they have for lunch？Eggs, bread and some oranges. In the afternoon, they went home. Their mother asked them, “Did you enjoy yourselves？”“Yes, very much. ” They answered. 判断下列各句正（T）误（F）（ ）1. Lucy and Lily went to a park last Saturday. （ ）2. In the park, Lucy picked some flowers. （ ）3. They had lunch before they started to climb the hill. （ ）4. They had eggs, bread and some oranges for lunch.( ) 5. They had a good time. DA traveler came out of the airport. There were a lot of taxis. He asked every taxi driver his name. Then he took the third one. It cost 5 dollars from the airport to the hotel. “How much does it cost for the whole day?” The man asked. “100 dollars,” said the taxi driver. This was very expensive, but the man said it was OK.The taxi driver took the man everywhere. He showed him all the parks and museums in the city. In the evening they went back to the hotel. The traveler gave the taxi driver 100 dollars and said, “What about tomorrow? Its another 100 dollars.” But the man said,” Thats OK! See you tomorrow.” The taxi driver was very pleased.The next day the taxi driver took the traveler everywhere again. They visited all the parks and museums again, and in the evening they went back to the hotel. The man gave the taxi driver 100 dollars again and said, “Im going home tomorrow.” The taxi driver was sorry because he liked the traveler and, above all , 100 dollars a day