B5M6语言点教师版.doc

B5M6 Animals in Danger1. reserve Some of them are in the Hunchun Nature Reserve on the border between China and Russia. 其中一些（东北虎）生活在中俄边境的（吉林）珲春自然保护区。 (P.51)1） reserve C.n保护区；U.n. 保留。without reserve/reservation 意为“毫无保留地”；in reserve意为“储备，待用”;nature reserve自然保护区。我毫无保留地相信你的话。I believe your story without reserve. 2）reserve vt. 保留，储备，以备特殊用途 reserve . for.我已经在旅馆为你预定了一个房间。I have reserved a room for you at the hotel.这些座位是留给老人和残疾人坐的。These seats are reserved for the elderly and disabled.3）reservation 名词: 保留(意见); 保留(给印第安人居住的)区域; 预订的房间(或席座)大部分印第安人生活在联邦政府建立的保留地上。 Most Indians live on reservations established by the Federal Government. 我们已在这个旅馆预订了三个房间。 We have made reservations for three rooms at the hotel. 易混辨析： reserve，preserve，keep(1) reserve保留，储备，以备特殊用途(2) preserve保护，保藏，防止受到危害或毁坏(3) keep为常用词，指“使继续下去”“使较长时间地保持某一状态”。选用reserve，preserve，keep填空(1) They _ this area for wildlife.(2) Salt can be used to _ food.(3) _ your strength for the climb.(4) Youd better _ your room clean.答案：(1)reserved(2)preserve(3)Reserve(4)keep2. extinctEvery year thousands of wild animals and plants become extinct. (P.51)每年都有成千上万的野生动植物灭绝。1）extinct adj. (生物等)已灭绝,已绝种的 恐龙已绝种几百万年了。 Dinosaurs have been extinct for millions of years. 她激情已逝, 无从心回意转. Nothing could rekindle（点燃） her extinct passion. 一座死火山 an extinct volcano. 2）extinction 名词 n. U 灭绝;消灭猿类正处于绝种的危险之中。Apes are in danger of extinction. 希望的破灭 the extinction of ones hopes 一场火的扑灭the extinction of a fire 3. endanger 和 in danger On a freezing cold day in January 1994, Jiesang Suonandajie found what he was looking for a group of poachers who were killing the endangered Tibetan antelope. (P.52)1994年1月一个滴水成冰的寒冷日子，杰桑索南达杰发现了他一直在寻找的目标正在猎杀濒临灭绝的藏羚羊的一群偷猎者。 1）endanger v. 危及 bring into danger 吸烟危害健康. Smoking endangers your health. 他在明知他的性命有可能受到威胁的情况下接任了那职位。 He took over the post in the knowledge that it might endanger his life. 2）endangered adj. 濒危的 being in danger of becoming hurt or extinct 3）in danger 在危险中,濒危 in danger of . 处于 . 危险之中out of danger 脱离危险 他面临入学考试不及格的巨大危险。He is in great danger of failing the entrance examination. 医生说她现在已经脱离危险了。Doctors said she is out of danger now.易混辨析(1) in danger在危险之中，指主语处于某种危险之中。(2) dangerous危险的，指所修饰的人或物给别人或别的事物带来危险，会伤害别人或别的事情。(1) Childrens lives are _ every time they cross the road.(2) The traffic here is very _ for children.答案：(1) in danger(2) dangerous 4. worthOften working at night, the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time, leaving only the babies, whose wool is not worth much. (P.53) 偷猎者常常在夜间出动，一次就捕杀掉整群的藏羚羊，只留下那些毛不那么值钱的幼崽。 1）n. 价值 窃贼偷走了价值100万英磅的珠宝。The thieves stole 1 million pounds worth of jewellery. 2）worth adj. 或prep. 值，worth前加well，不能使用very。be worth sth. sth. be (well) worth doing 跟v.ing主动表被动. 比较：be worthy of being done 需被动形式be worthy to be done 需被动形式任何值得做的事就值得做好。Whatever is _ at all is worth doing well. 答案：worth doing; worthy of being done; worthy to be done5. spotThe animals are skinned on the spot and the wool taken to India, where it is made into the shawls. (P.53)这些被猎杀的藏羚羊被就地剥皮，羊毛被运送到印度，在那里被织成披肩。1）名词 n. C 斑点,斑块；污点;污渍；场所,地点 on the spot 当场, 在现场, 立刻 当打架斗殴开始后，警察和记者很快到了现场。When the fighting started, policemen and reporters were soon on the spot. 那男孩的白衬衫上有墨水渍。 The boys white shirt was marked up with spots of ink. 这儿就是两辆卡车相撞的地点。 This is the spot where the two trucks collided. 2）及物动词 vt. 使沾上污点,弄脏；【口语】认出,发现他的靴子上沾有泥渍。 His boots were spotted with mud. 我父亲在我作文里发现了好几个拼字错误。 My father spotted several spelling mistakes in my composition. 3）形容词 a. 立即的,当场做出的工会领导人当场作出罢工的决定。 The union leaders made a spot decision to stage a strike. 6. come into fashionBut in the 1990s the shawls came into fashion among rich people. (P.53) 但到了20世纪90年代，这种藏羚羊毛披肩在有钱人中间流行开来，成为时尚。 come into fashion 成为时尚in fashion在流行out of fashion 过时这些短语中fashion前都不用冠词 长裙子又流行起来。漂浅的牛仔裤也还很时髦。Long skirts have come into fashion again. Faded jeans are still in fashion too.拓展：地球是如何形成的？How did the earth come into being?新的安全规则何时生效？When do the new safety rules come into force/effect?新马路马上就可以通车了。The new road will come into use soon.7. involve But the trade also involves live animals. (P. 55) 这种交易还涉及了活生生的动物。1）v. 包含,含有,使陷入,使卷入,牵涉 involve sth.; involve sb. in sth. /doing sth. 我们应该怎样投入学校生活？ How should we involve ourselves in school life? 粉刷房间就要把钢琴搬出去。 Painting the room involved moving out the piano. 证人的证词表明你与劫案有涉. The witnesss statement involves you in the robbery. 你解决你的问题, 不要把我拉进去! Dont involve me in solving your problems! 经常的结构还有：be /get involved in sth. / doing sth. 参与，牵连她对所涉及的钱数十分肯定。 She was quite positive about the amount of money involved.和涉及此案的其他许多人一样，她为的是赚钱。Like so many others (who were) involved in the case, she was out to make money.2）n. involvement 卷入,牵连,参与8. concern Im concerned about the future of wildlife in Africa. (P.57) 我担心非洲野生动物的未来。concerned a. 关心的；忧心忡忡的；担心的；相关的be concerned in.和有关；和有牵连be concerned about / for 为 担心be concerned with. 关于; 和有关,as far as.is concerned就而言,concern v.& n.(使)担心；忧虑)在有关钱的问题上，我总是尽量小心谨慎。 Where money is concerned, I always try to be very careful. 你不用管这事了，我们正在处理。There is no need to concern yourself with this matter；we are dealing with it.(1) In those days，all of us _(担心) their safety.(2) The book_ (涉及，与有关) the future of mankind.(3) She _ herself _ (担忧) her sons future. She _ her sons future.(4) _ (就我而言)，I cannot object to your marriage.答案：(1) were concerned about / for(2) is concerned in/with(3) concerns；aboutis concerned about /for(4) As far as I am concerned9. focus The focus of attention has changed, too. (P.59) （世界自然保护基金组织）关注的焦点也发生了变化。1) focus n. 焦点; 焦距; 中心他总想成为注意力的焦点。 He always wants to be the focus of attention. 他取出双筒望远镜并调整了焦距。 He took out the binoculars and adjusted the focus. 2) vt. & vi. （使）集中, 聚集 focus /fix ones mind /eyes /thoughts on /upon sth. 集中心思/ 眼神 /思想在上面噪音让我无法集中注意力工作。 The noise made it hard for me to focus on work. 他静静地坐在那儿，一门心思在思考刚发生过的事。He sat there still, with his mind focused on what had just happened. He focused the suns rays on the paper with a burning glass. 他用取火镜使太阳光聚集在纸上。 同义词concentrateconcentrate: 指把人或物集中在一起，也可指把精力或注意力集中于某一事物上。focus: 侧重指把光、热、射线等集中于一点，也可指把思想或精力等集中于某人或某事情上。10. only ifThe WWF believes that our world has a future only if people learn to conserve nature and not waste energy. (P.59)世界自然保护基金组织认为，唯有人们学会保护自然、不浪费能源，我们的世界才会有未来。only if引导条件状语从句，表示“只有在条件之下”的意思。当该状语从句位于句首时，主句使用主谓倒装句式。只有我们真正明白了学好外语的重要性，我们才可能学好英语。We can learn English well only if we really understand the importance of mastering a foreign language.只有经过老师允许，学生才能进这个房间。Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to enter this room. 只有你不告诉别人，我才能把这个秘密告诉你。Only if you dont tell anyone else can I tell the secret.易混辨析only if，if only(1) only i