一般过去时变化规则.doc

一般过去时变化规则(1) 一般在动词后加-ed。如：playplayed, offeroffered, weighweighed, Destroy destroyed, signsigned.(2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。如：likeliked, provideprovided, hate hated, datedated。(3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加ed。如：supplysupplied, flyflied, study studied. (4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：planplanned, referreferred, regretregretted, banbanned.重读闭音节三要素：（1）一个元音字母后跟一个或几个辅音字母（2）以一个辅音音素结尾；（3）元音字母发短元音。长元音 ：i:a:u: 短元音 ：e i u 常用不规则动词分类表 A-A-A型（现在式、过去式、过去分词同形）cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读hurt hurt hurt 伤 A-A-B型（现在式和过去式同形）beat beat beaten 打 A-B-A型（现在式和过去分词同形）come came come 来 become became become 变run ran run 跑 A -B -B型在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费其他pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买think thought thought 想 catch caught caught 抓住teach taught taught 教 fight fought fought 战斗sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站understand understood understood 明白 win won won 得胜shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光 feel felt felt 觉得find found found 发现 get got got 得到hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死，挂 have had had 有hold held held 盛，握 leave left left 离开make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见sell sold sold 卖 shoot shot shot 射击tell told told 告诉 sit sat sat 坐smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻 dig dug dug 挖 A-B-C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下steal stole stolen 偷 give gave given 给freeze froze frozen 冻结 take took taken 拿see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶throw threw thrown 抛，扔 blow blew blown 吹grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道fly flew flown 飞 draw drew drawn 拉，绘画show showed shown 展示过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。speak spoke spoken 说话 break broke broken 破碎，折断wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒 choose chose chosen 选择forget forgot forgotten 忘记变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。begin began begun 开始 ring rang rung 按铃 sing sang sung 唱sink sank sunk 沉 swim swam swum 游泳 drink drank drunk 饮其他不规则动词的变化。be(am,is) was/ were been 是 be(are) were been 是do did done 做 go went gone 去lie lay lain 躺 wear wore worn 穿不规则动词表不定式过去式过去分词现在分词第三人称单数注释bearboreborne，bornbearingbears忍受，承担forbearforboreforborneforbearingforbears克制，忍耐overbearoverboreoverborneoverbearingoverbears压服，征服bendbentbentbendingbends弯曲，弯腰unbendunbentunbentunbendingunbends变直，伸直bidbade，bidbidden，bidbiddingbids出价，恳求，邀请，力求，企图forbidforbade，forbadforbiddenforbiddingforbids禁止，阻碍outbidoutbidoutbidoutbiddingoutbids出价高于（别人）underbidunderbidunderbid，underbiddenunderbiddingunderbids出价较低bindboundboundbindingbinds约束，捆绑rebindreboundreboundrebindingrebinds重新捆绑unbindunboundunboundunbindingunbinds解开，解放buildbuiltbuiltbuildingbuilds建造，建立rebuildrebuiltrebuiltrebuildingrebuilds重建，恢复castcastcastcastingcasts铸造，投掷，脱落broadcastbroadcast，broadcastedbroadcast，broadcastedbroadcastingbroadcasts广播forecastforecast，forecastedforecast，forecastedforecastingforecasts预报，预测miscastmiscastmiscastmiscastingmiscasts指配不适当的角色overcastovercastovercastovercastingovercasts使沮丧，包缝，遮蔽recastrecastrecastrecastingrecasts再铸，重塑，改正comecamecomecomingcomes来，成为，变得becomebecamebecomebecomingbecomes变为，适合，发生overcomeovercameovercomeovercomingovercomes战胜，克服dealdealtdealtdealingdeals处理，分配misdealmisdealtmisdealtmisdealingmisdeals处理不当dodiddonedoingdoes做，干outdooutdidoutdoneoutdoingoutdoes胜过，优于overdooverdidoverdoneoverdoingoverdoes做得过分，夸张redoredidredoneredoingredoes重做undoundidundoneundoingundoes松开，撤销drawdrewdrawndrawingdraws绘画，拉，吸引withdrawwithdrewwithdrawnwithdrawingwithdraws撤退，退出fallfellfallenfallingfalls落下，下降befallbefellbefallenbefallingbefalls发生，降临getgotgot;(US) gottengettinggets得到，到来