Book6 Unit 3 A Healthy Life.doc

Book6 Unit 3 A Healthy LifePeriod 3 Grammar : The rules of “it”编写人：严春霞 审稿人：高二英语组 编写时间：_班级: _ 组别：_ 组名：_ 姓名：_学习目标：了解并掌握代词it的各种用法。能熟练运用到各种场合，能够解答与之相关的习题，学会使用it有关的特殊句型尤其是强调句型、it作形式主语。 I. 作人称代词：1. it可以用来指东西、动物、婴儿和未确定身份的人。1. Wheres my book? Have you seen it?（it代替前面的_）2. The dog is in the garden, isnt it? （it代替前面的_）3. The baby cried because it is hungry.（it代替前面的_）4. (Someone is ringing.)Whos it? Its me.（it代替前面的_）2. it 可以指上下文内容1. The Olympic Game held in Beijing in 2008. It made the Chinese proud . 第二个句子中的it指代的是前面的，代替的是整个。补充：it与one, that的区别(1)、it与one的区别：这两个词都可以代表前面说过的名词，但it用于同名同物的场合；one 则用于同名异物的场合。 e.g. - Do you still have the bicycle?- No, I have sold _. - Is this knife yours?- No. It is Xiao Zhangs. Mine is the _ on the desk. (2)、it与that的区别：两词都可代替某一特定名词，但that指同一类，并非同一个。 e.g. The climate of South China is mild（温和的）; I like _ very much.（_指the climate of South China） The climate of South China is much better than _ of Japan.（_指the climate）II. 用于表达时间，距离，天气、环境等。Its half an hours walk from here to our school此处it 指代的是_. Its nice and warm hereBut its two oclock now, and its time for us to go to school此处it分别指代_, _, _. III. 作形式主语 为了使句子平衡，常采用形式主语（或宾语）it ，而把真正的主语（或宾语）置于句子后面。 It is +adj.+ ( for sb. ) to do sth. It is +adj. + (of sb.) to do sth. 在句型中，形容词是用来修饰事情的形容词；如important, necessary, natural 或者easy ,safe , common , normal , hard , difficult ,dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant等。如：对她来说参加派对很重要。_.在句型中，形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词，常见的有：bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , foolish ,good （好心的）, honest , naughty , nice（有教养的, polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise 如：你帮助老年人，真是太善良了。_. . It takes sb. . to do sth. “做要花某人”修我的电脑花了我一个月的时间。_ . . It is no good (use ) doing sth. 该句中真正主语是_，表语可以是no good, no use, no value, no importance, a waste of time Its no use crying over the spilt milk 和他们争论真是浪费时间。_ . It doesnt matter whether ( if ) .不论（是否）没关系 他支不支持这个计划都没关系。_. . It happens (seems, appears ) that. 碰巧我的父母都出门了。_. . It is said (reported, learned.) that.“据说”（据报道，据悉）据说他已经去了一家电脑公司。_ . . It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . 真可惜我们输掉了这场比赛。_. . It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural.) that . 记住that 后的从句应用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去很重要的是你不要吃垃圾食品。_. . It is suggested ( ordered . ) that . 像suggest这类表示建议、要求的词， that 后的从句要用_语气。 IV. it 作形式宾语，来代替真正的宾语（不定式，动名词或从句），以使句子保持平衡。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“6123结构”。 6 指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel； 1 指的是形式宾语 it；2 指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；3指的是真正宾语的三种形式:不定式短语, 动名词短语或 that 引导的宾语从句。例：I think it very important that we take part in the discussion 在该句中动词是_, 形式宾语是_, 宾补是_, 真正的宾语是_ 小试牛刀：1. We considered _ logical that not all plans can be put into practice. A. that B. quite C. it D. very 2. I hate _when young people speak to the elderly in a rude way. A. this B. that C.it D.one V. it用于强调句中。1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。e.g. It was yesterday that he met Liu Dehua in the New Year Concert . 2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Liu Dehua in the New Year Concert ? 3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that / who + 其它部分？e.g. When and where was it that you were born? 针对I met a foreigner at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。强调主语：_ (who) met a foreigner at the railway station yesterday. 强调宾语：_ that I met at the railway station yesterday. 强调地点状语：_ that I met a foreigner yesterday. 强调时间状语：_ that I met a foreigner at the railway station. 注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时, 强调句不能强调谓语动词。4、not until 句型的强调句强调“直到才”，not 位于until 之前句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分e.g. 普通句：He did not go to bed until his wife came back. 强调句：It was _ that he went to bed. 注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。补充：注意下列几种表示时间的句型. It is (high/about) time that“该是.时候了”It is time that children should go to bed.=It is time that children went to bed. . It is the first ( second . ) time that “这是第.次.”It is the second time that Mr. Li Yang has come to Beijing No.4 Middle School. . It is . since .“从以来已经多久了”It is (has been) 5 years since his father died. . It is / was . when . “当的时候，是.”It was 5 oclock when he came here. . It is / was . before .“过了多久，才”It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. VI.请牢记下列含it的固定用法：make it成功，做到，约定时间as it is事实上，照原样It depends. 看情况而定。Dont mention it. 不客气。Take it easy. 别着急。believe it or not 信不信由你see to it that. 务必depend on it that. 相信take it for granted that. 认为是理所当然的It makes no difference at all. 一点关系也没有。It cant be helped. 没有办法。 It 用法课堂专练1. My bike is missing. I cant find _ anywhere.A. one B. ones C. it D. that 2. - Whos that?- _ Professor Li. A. Thats B. Its C. Hes D. Thiss3. _ was Jane who I saw in the library this morning. A. It B. He C. She D. That 4. - Have you ever seen a whale alive?- Yes, Ive seen _. A. that B. it C. such D. one 5. The color of my coat is different from _ of yours. A. this B. that C. it D. one 6. _ will do you good to do some exercise every morning. A. It B. There C. Those D. You 7. We think _ our duty to pay taxes to our government. A. that B. this C. its D. it 8. The climate of Shanghai is better than _ of Nanjing. A. that B. it C. which D. what 9. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy_. A. one B. it C. this D. that 10. took him fourteen hours to go to New Zealand from Shanghai by plane. A. that B. it C. which D. what 11. It was _ he came bank from Africa that year _ he met the girl he would like to marry. A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when 12. Now then, children. Its high time you and dressed. A. washed B. should wash C. were washed D. are washed 13. Mary speaks in a low voice; _ is difficult to know what she is saying. A. it B. that