英语五种基本句型及练习.doc

语法体系分不清？没关系，只要是英语的句子，都必须符合五种句型。所以当我们再遇到长难句，不管多长，多复杂，咱都不怕，找出主干就能识别句子大意啦。我们接下来好好学习一下五种基本句型吧（一）英语五种基本句型基本句型一: 主+系+表此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个名词或者形容词,才能表达完整的意思.系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化.be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用.其它系动词仍保持其部分词义.1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典.2. The dinner smells good. 午餐的味道很好.3. His face turned red. 他的脸红了4. Everything looks different. 一切看来都不同了.基本句型二: 主+谓(不及物动词)此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思.这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词,介词短语,状语从句等.1. The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔书写流利.2. The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。 3. They talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时.基本句型三: 主+谓(及物)+宾 此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整.这类动词叫做及物动词.1. Who knows the answer？ 谁知道答案？ 2. He enjoys reading. 他喜欢看书.3. My sister is writing a letter at this moment. 我妹妹此刻正在写一封信。基本句型四: 主+谓(及物)+间接宾语+直接宾语 此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思. 最常见接双宾语的动词：give, lend, offer, show, tell, buy, choose, bring, get, leave, make , 1.He gave me a book 他给了我一本书。2. He bought you a dictionary.他给你买了一本字典.3. He showed me how to run the machine. 他教我开机器.基本句型五: 主+谓(及物)+复合宾语（宾+宾补） 此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整.1. They painted the door green. 他们把门漆成绿色.2. They found the house clean.他们发现那房子很3. He asked me to come back soon. 他要我早点回来.4. I heard him singing a song in the next room.基本句型翻译练习基本句型一: 主+系+表1. 当时他看起来不高兴。_2. 我喜欢的运动是游泳和滑冰。_3. 我擅长英语。_4. 收到你的来信我很高兴。_5. 在公路对面有一栋新教学楼。_6. 图书馆里有各种各样的书籍、报纸和杂志。_7. 天变得越来越黑。_8. 这食物吃起来挺可口的。_9. 这故事听起来很有趣。 _基本句型二: 主+谓(不及物动词)1. 1984年至1990年我在光明小学（Guangming Primary School）学习。_2. 时间很快过去了。 _3. 这几年我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。_4. 在过去的10年间它的经济发展迅速。_5. 过去他早上习惯于早起。_基本句型三: 主+谓(及物)+宾1. 去年在学校电脑竞赛中我获得了一等奖。_2. 在业余时间我喜欢听流行音乐和收集邮票。_3. 我们也在校园内和周围种上了许多树。_4. 晚上，我可以看电视新闻或看报纸。_5. 在回家的路上他把钱给丢了。_6. 才艺展示（Talent Show）将于6月18日在北京电视台举行。_基本句型四: 主+谓(及物)+双宾（间宾+直宾）1. 去年王老师教我们英语。_2. 明天我要给他写封信，告诉他这个好消息。_3. 在我14岁生日时，爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。_4. 昨晚我花了两小时才完成作业。_基本句型五: 主+谓(及物)+复合宾语（宾+宾补）1. 当时我看到那些孩子在河边玩。_2. 我们正在使我们的国家变得越来越美丽。_3. 我注意到凯特整个早上都在图书馆里看书。_4. 父亲叫我给他带些报纸来。_基本句型翻译综合练习：1. 那噪音太响，我无法继续学习（so that）。_2. 得知你9月份要来我很高兴。(be very glad to) _3. 人们需要一个可以休息和玩乐的地方。(a place where的定语从句)_4. 在过去，人们主要通过写信、打公共电话来彼此保持联系。（kept in touch with by+doing）_5. 为了改善北京交通，政府应鼓励更多人使用公共交通或自行车。(In order to / encourage more people to use )_参考答案：基础写作训练（一）英语五种基本句型基本句型一: 主+系+表1. He looked unhappy at that time. 2. My favourite sports are swimming and skating.3. I am very good at English. 4. I was so pleased to hear from you.5. On the other side of the road there is a new classroom/teaching building.6. In the library there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines.7. It is getting darker and darker. 8. The food tastes delicious.9. The story sounds very interesting.基本句型二: 主+谓(不及物动词)1. I studied in Guangming Primary School from 1984 to 1990. 2. The time passed quickly. 3. Great changes have taken place in our hometown these years.4. Its economy has developed rapidly in the past ten years.5. He used to get up early in the morning.基本句型三: 主+谓(及物)+宾1. Last year I won first prize in the school computer competition. 2. In my spare time I enjoy listening to popular music and collecting stamps.3. We also planted a lot of trees in and around the school.4. He lost the money on his way home.5. Talent Show will be held in Beijing Television Station on July 18.6. In the afternoon, Ill show you around and take you to some places of interest.基本句型四: 主+谓(及物)+双宾（间宾+直宾） 1. Mr Wang taught us English last year.2. Tomorrow Ill write him a letter and tell him the good news.3. On my 14th birthday, Father bought me a new bike.4. It took me two hours to finish my homework last night.基本句型五: 主+谓(及物)+复合宾语1. I saw the kids/children playing by the river at that time.2. We are making our country more and more beautiful.3. I noticed Kate reading in the library all the morning.4. Father asked me to bring him some newspapers.基本句型翻译综合练习：1. The noise was so loud that I couldnt go on studying.2. Im very glad to learn that youre coming in September.3. People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves.4. In the past, people ke