九年级英语下册第五单元学习要点.doc

九年级英语下册第五单元学习要点 九年级英语下册第五单元学习要点 Unit5 What are the shirts made of ?一、 重要短语归纳1、以.闻名，为人知晓 be known _(=be famous for) 2. 无论，不论 _3、剪纸 _ 4. 据我所知_I know5、对.有好处 be good_. (对比：be good at / be good to / be good with ）6.搜索. search _sb. / sth 7. 避免. avoid sb / sth | 避免做. avoid _sth.8、高科技产品 high-technology products. 9、用过的木头和玻璃 _ wood and glass. 10、用.覆盖. cover._. （be covered with. 被.覆盖)11. 在高温下 _ a very high _二、重要句型1、他发现在当地的商店里的如此多的产品都是中国生产的（这件事）很有趣。 He found _ that _many products in the local shops _ _ _ China. 2、在我发现一双美国制造的篮球鞋之前，我必须得拜访五六家商店。 I had to visit five or six stores before _ a pair of basketball shoes _ in America.3. 在德国，德国人说德语。In _, _speak _.4. 在每月的最后的星期五老板付给我们工资。 We _ _ by the boss on the last Friday of each month. 三、重点单词或词组区别1、be made of / be made from / be made in / be made by ？_ 2. rise / raise 3. alive / living / live / lively alive，形容词， “活着的，在世的，还出着气的”，后置定语；living，形容词，“活着的，健在的”；live，形容词，“活的，活生生的”，修饰鸟和其他动物；lively ，形容词，“热闹的，有生气的，活泼的”四者中字母i 发音为【ai】，前三者的反义词为dead.4.it / its / its_四、语法：被动语态一、概念及构成 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。其结构由：“助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词无被动语态结构。二、被动语态的时态 1、一般现在时态：am / is / are +动词的过去分词eg. This kind of machine is made in China . This kind of machine isnt made in China. Is this kind of machine made in China ? 2、一般过去时态：was / were +动词的过去分词eg. The trees were planted last year. The trees werent planted last year. Were the trees planted last year ? 3、含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词eg. The book can be taken away. The book cant be taken away. Can the book be taken away ?三、主动语态变为被动语态的方法： 1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语；2、把原主动句的谓语改为被动形式，即：be +过去分词；3、原来主动句的主语，放在介词by 后，做其宾语，此结构视情况可以省略。如： They visited the city two years ago. （主动语态） 主语 谓语 宾语 The city was visited by them two years ago. （被动语态） 主语 谓语 宾语四、主动语态变成被动语态需注意的几个问题 1、主动句中若有两个宾语，只将其中一个宾语变成被动句的主语，另一个不变。一般情况下，往往把表示人的宾语变成被动句的主语；如果把表示物的宾语变为被动句的主语，则要在表示人的宾语前加介词to或for。常见的带双宾语的动词(V+sb. + sth. )：show, tell, ask , pass, , give, lend, send , return , teach,buy。 eg. Jim gives me a beautiful present for my birthday. I am given a beautiful present for my birthday. OR A beautiful present is given to me for my birhtday.2、在主动句中动词make , let , have , see , hear, feel 等后接动词不定式做宾语补足语时，动词不定式须去掉to , 当变成被动句时，后面的不定式都须加上to。 如：A boy saw him enter the house. He was seen to enter the house (by a boy).Mother makes her do much housework . She is made to do much housework by Mother.3、若主动句中的谓语动词为“动词短语”或由“不及物动词+介词或副词”构成时，变成被动语态时，注意不要省略掉动词后的介词或副词。如：We should speake to the old politely. The old should be spoken to politely(by us) .4、主动句的谓语动词为have(has,had) to , be going to , be able to 的被动语态为： have (has, had) to / be going to / be able to +be +动词的过去分词。即：相当于情态动词的被动语态用法。如：He is able to help you . You are able to be helped by him.5、某些可和well ， easily 等副词连用的不及物动词，如read， write， wash， clean ， draw， burn , sell等，不用被动，如：The cloth washes well。 This kind of food sells well。6、连系动词用主动表被动7、need+doing表被动。如：The flowers need watering.8、被动结构作定语时，位置后置且无be动词。如：a girl called Mary 被叫做玛丽的女孩9、易混淆的几组被动式短语：be made in / from/ of / by be used by / as / for / to 五、重要单词1、需区分掌握的单词 glass：做不可数名词，意思为_；做可数名词时，意思为_ grass为_名词；produce (动词）的名词形式为_ everyday的同义词为_， 其和every day 意思相同吗？ _. boss的名词所有格形式为_ ，其本身是单数名词还是复数名词？_.traffic为_名词 heat (v. / un.) ，其形容词为_France-Frenchman/ Frenchwoman - French ；Germany -German-German一把剪刀 _scissors leaf的复数形式为_2、须记忆的单词筷子_ 硬币_ 叉子_ （女式）短上衣，衬衫_银器，银，银